Federal Reserve Economic Data

Annual

F.4 Saving and Investment by Sector


The Financial Accounts (formerly known as the Flow of Funds accounts) are a set of financial accounts used to track the sources and uses of funds by sector. They are a component of a system of macroeconomic accounts including the National Income and Product accounts (NIPA) and balance of payments accounts, all of which serve as a comprehensive set of information on the economy’s performance.(1) Some important inferences that can be drawn from the Financial accounts are the financial strength of a given sector, new economic trends, changes in the composition of wealth, and development of new financial instruments over time.(1)
Sectors are compiled into three categories: households, nonfinancial businesses, and banks. The sources of funds for a sector are its internal funds (savings from income after consumption) and external funds (loans from banks and other financial intermediaries). (1) Funds for a given sector are used for its investments in physical and financial assets. Dividing sources and uses of funds into two categories helps the staff of the Federal Reserve System pay particular attention to external sources of funds and financial uses of funds.(2) One example is whether households are borrowing more from banks—or in other words, whether household debt is rising. Another example might be whether banks are using more of their funds to provide loans to consumers. Transactions within a sector are not shown in the accounts; however, transactions between sectors are.(2) Monitoring the external flows of funds provides insights into a sector’s health and the performance of the economy as a whole.
Data for the Financial accounts are compiled from a large number of reports and publications, including regulatory reports such as those submitted by banks, tax filings, and surveys conducted by the Federal Reserve System.(2) The Financial accounts are published quarterly as a set of tables in the Federal Reserve’s Z.1 statistical release.
(1) Teplin, Albert M. “The U.S. Flow of Funds Accounts and Their Uses.” Federal Reserve Bulletin, July 2001; http://www.federalreserve.gov/pubs/bulletin/2001/0701lead.pdf.
(2) Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. “Guide to the Flow of Funds Accounts.” 2000, http://www.federalreserve.gov/apps/fof/.

For questions on the data, please contact the data source: https://www.federalreserve.gov/apps/ContactUs/feedback.aspx?refurl=/releases/z1/%
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Please select a date range

    1946    
 
 
    2024
Millions of Dollars
Line Name 2024 Preceding
Period
Year Ago
from Period
line 1
Gross saving
5,066,115 4,810,824 4,810,824
line 2
Net saving
249,855 223,076 223,076
line 3
Net private saving
2,145,799 1,951,051 1,951,051
line 4
Domestic business
1,162,639 983,827 983,827
line 5
Nonfinancial corporate business
849,619 820,453 820,453
line 6
Financial business
313,020 163,374 163,374
line 7
Households and institutions
983,159 967,224 967,224
line 8
Net government saving
-1,895,944 -1,727,975 -1,727,975
line 9
Federal
-1,833,450 -1,666,405 -1,666,405
line 10
State and local
-62,494 -61,570 -61,570
line 11
Consumption of fixed capital
4,816,260 4,587,749 4,587,749
line 12
Private
4,006,242 3,810,909 3,810,909
line 13
Domestic business
3,125,093 2,960,253 2,960,253
line 14
Nonfinancial corporate business
2,285,466 2,161,654 2,161,654
line 15
Nonfinancial noncorporate business
496,836 474,643 474,643
line 16
Financial business
342,792 323,955 323,955
line 17
Households and institutions
881,150 850,656 850,656
line 18
Government
810,018 776,840 776,840
line 19
Federal
397,890 378,192 378,192
line 20
State and local
412,127 398,648 398,648
line 21
Gross domestic investment, capital account transactions, and net lending, NIPAs
5,258,270 5,055,442 5,055,442
line 22
Gross domestic investment
6,345,912 5,971,327 5,971,327
line 23
Gross private domestic investment
5,272,918 4,984,759 4,984,759
line 24
Domestic business
4,009,739 3,796,028 3,796,028
line 25
Nonfinancial corporate business
2,995,520 2,843,234 2,843,234
line 26
Nonfinancial noncorporate business
636,679 602,070 602,070
line 27
Financial business
377,540 350,725 350,725
line 28
Households and institutions
1,263,179 1,188,731 1,188,731
line 29
Gross government investment
1,072,994 986,568 986,568
line 30
Federal
461,785 442,447 442,447
line 31
State and local
611,209 544,121 544,121
line 32
Capital account transactions (net)
-4,292 6,835 6,835
line 33
Private
-54,665 -161,601 -161,601
line 34
Domestic business
6,912 -47,634 -47,634
line 35
Nonfinancial corporate business
-7,308 -1,723 -1,723
line 36
Nonfinancial noncorporate business
-8,898 0 0
line 37
Financial business
23,117 -45,911 -45,911
line 38
Households and institutions
-61,577 -113,966 -113,966
line 39
Government
50,372 168,436 168,436
line 40
Federal
159,951 249,128 249,128
line 41
State and local
-109,578 -80,693 -80,693
line 42
Net lending (+) or net borrowing (-), NIPAs
-1,083,350 -922,720 -922,720
line 43
Private
1,125,943 1,183,419 1,183,419
line 44
Domestic business
463,236 440,303 440,303
line 45
Nonfinancial corporate business
339,027 385,213 385,213
line 46
Nonfinancial noncorporate business
-130,946 -127,427 -127,427
line 47
Financial business
255,154 182,517 182,517
line 48
Households and institutions
662,707 743,116 743,116
line 49
Government
-2,209,293 -2,106,139 -2,106,139
line 50
Federal
-2,057,296 -1,979,788 -1,979,788
line 51
State and local
-151,997 -126,351 -126,351
line 52
Statistical discrepancy (line 21 less line 1)
192,155 244,617 244,617
Addenda:
line 53
Disaster losses
71,000 0 0
line 54
Private
66,000 0 0
line 55
Domestic business
19,500 0 0
line 56
Households and institutions
46,500 0 0
line 57
Government
5,000 0 0
line 58
Federal
0 0 0
line 59
State and local
5,000 0 0
   

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