Quarterly

F.6 Derivation of Measures of Personal Saving

The Financial Accounts (formerly known as the Flow of Funds accounts) are a set of financial accounts used to track the sources and uses of funds by sector. They are a component of a system of macroeconomic accounts including the National Income and Product accounts (NIPA) and balance of payments accounts, all of which serve as a comprehensive set of information on the economy’s performance.(1) Some important inferences that can be drawn from the Financial accounts are the financial strength of a given sector, new economic trends, changes in the composition of wealth, and development of new financial instruments over time.(1)
Sectors are compiled into three categories: households, nonfinancial businesses, and banks. The sources of funds for a sector are its internal funds (savings from income after consumption) and external funds (loans from banks and other financial intermediaries). (1) Funds for a given sector are used for its investments in physical and financial assets. Dividing sources and uses of funds into two categories helps the staff of the Federal Reserve System pay particular attention to external sources of funds and financial uses of funds.(2) One example is whether households are borrowing more from banks—or in other words, whether household debt is rising. Another example might be whether banks are using more of their funds to provide loans to consumers. Transactions within a sector are not shown in the accounts; however, transactions between sectors are.(2) Monitoring the external flows of funds provides insights into a sector’s health and the performance of the economy as a whole.
Data for the Financial accounts are compiled from a large number of reports and publications, including regulatory reports such as those submitted by banks, tax filings, and surveys conducted by the Federal Reserve System.(2) The Financial accounts are published quarterly as a set of tables in the Federal Reserve’s Z.1 statistical release.
(1) Teplin, Albert M. “The U.S. Flow of Funds Accounts and Their Uses.” Federal Reserve Bulletin, July 2001; http://www.federalreserve.gov/pubs/bulletin/2001/0701lead.pdf.
(2) Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. “Guide to the Flow of Funds Accounts.” 2000, http://www.federalreserve.gov/apps/fof/.

For questions on the data, please contact the data source: https://www.federalreserve.gov/apps/ContactUs/feedback.aspx?refurl=/releases/z1/%
For questions on FRED functionality, please contact: https://fred.stlouisfed.org/contactus/

   

Please select a date range

    Q4 1946    
 
 
    Q3 2025
Line Name Q3 2025 Q2 2025 Q3 2024 Units
line 1
Net acquisition of financial assets 		2,647,729 Millions of U.S. Dollars 1,962,841 Millions of U.S. Dollars 3,294,928 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 2
Foreign deposits 		344 Millions of U.S. Dollars 10,404 Millions of U.S. Dollars 12,660 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 3
Checkable deposits and currency 		-132,908 Millions of U.S. Dollars 562,093 Millions of U.S. Dollars -68,233 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 4
Time and savings deposits 		334,426 Millions of U.S. Dollars 431,517 Millions of U.S. Dollars 100,917 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 5
Money market fund shares 		632,431 Millions of U.S. Dollars 269,894 Millions of U.S. Dollars 715,972 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 6
Debt securities 		-64,757 Millions of U.S. Dollars 132,323 Millions of U.S. Dollars 774,319 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 7
Treasury securities 		443,444 Millions of U.S. Dollars 255,263 Millions of U.S. Dollars 349,652 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 8
Agency- and GSE-backed securities 		23,730 Millions of U.S. Dollars -153,509 Millions of U.S. Dollars -49,761 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 9
Municipal securities 		75,956 Millions of U.S. Dollars 277,809 Millions of U.S. Dollars 89,817 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 10
Corporate and foreign bonds 		-607,887 Millions of U.S. Dollars -247,240 Millions of U.S. Dollars 384,611 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 11
Loans 		57,607 Millions of U.S. Dollars 90,896 Millions of U.S. Dollars 295,492 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 12
Corporate equities 		1,356,575 Millions of U.S. Dollars -199,560 Millions of U.S. Dollars 724,614 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 13
Mutual fund shares 		-272,536 Millions of U.S. Dollars 9,476 Millions of U.S. Dollars -7,772 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 14
Trade receivables 		36,112 Millions of U.S. Dollars 36,112 Millions of U.S. Dollars 36,500 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 15
Life insurance reserves 		61,948 Millions of U.S. Dollars 73,484 Millions of U.S. Dollars 27,104 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 16
Pension entitlements 		341,929 Millions of U.S. Dollars 352,098 Millions of U.S. Dollars 365,497 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 17
Miscellaneous and other assets 		296,559 Millions of U.S. Dollars 194,104 Millions of U.S. Dollars 317,858 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 18
Gross investment in nonfinancial assets 		4,035,133 Millions of U.S. Dollars 4,022,744 Millions of U.S. Dollars 3,934,102 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 19
Residential fixed investment 		1,177,269 Millions of U.S. Dollars 1,179,818 Millions of U.S. Dollars 1,159,889 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 20
Nonresidential fixed investment 		754,935 Millions of U.S. Dollars 747,167 Millions of U.S. Dollars 738,401 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 21
Consumer durables 		2,126,164 Millions of U.S. Dollars 2,115,070 Millions of U.S. Dollars 2,038,714 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 22
Nonproduced nonfinancial assets 		-18,500 Millions of U.S. Dollars -18,122 Millions of U.S. Dollars -17,273 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 23
Inventories 		-4,735 Millions of U.S. Dollars -1,189 Millions of U.S. Dollars 14,371 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 24
Consumption of fixed capital 		3,177,066 Millions of U.S. Dollars 3,113,801 Millions of U.S. Dollars 3,079,531 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 25
Residential fixed investment 		840,946 Millions of U.S. Dollars 820,137 Millions of U.S. Dollars 794,685 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 26
Nonresidential fixed investment 		605,326 Millions of U.S. Dollars 599,023 Millions of U.S. Dollars 589,564 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 27
Consumer durables 		1,730,794 Millions of U.S. Dollars 1,694,641 Millions of U.S. Dollars 1,695,282 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 28
Net investment in nonfinancial assets 		858,067 Millions of U.S. Dollars 908,943 Millions of U.S. Dollars 854,571 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 29
Residential fixed investment 		336,323 Millions of U.S. Dollars 359,681 Millions of U.S. Dollars 365,204 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 30
Nonresidential fixed investment 		149,609 Millions of U.S. Dollars 148,144 Millions of U.S. Dollars 148,837 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 31
Consumer durables 		395,370 Millions of U.S. Dollars 420,429 Millions of U.S. Dollars 343,432 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 32
Nonproduced nonfinancial assets 		-18,500 Millions of U.S. Dollars -18,122 Millions of U.S. Dollars -17,273 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 33
Inventories 		-4,735 Millions of U.S. Dollars -1,189 Millions of U.S. Dollars 14,371 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 34
Net increase in liabilities 		1,317,533 Millions of U.S. Dollars 1,202,225 Millions of U.S. Dollars 1,054,802 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 35
Home mortgages 		463,671 Millions of U.S. Dollars 469,020 Millions of U.S. Dollars 453,477 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 36
Other mortgages 		260,362 Millions of U.S. Dollars 192,414 Millions of U.S. Dollars 164,673 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 37
Consumer credit 		114,705 Millions of U.S. Dollars 142,691 Millions of U.S. Dollars 119,048 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 38
Other loans and advances 		275,368 Millions of U.S. Dollars 161,908 Millions of U.S. Dollars 23,928 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 39
Other liabilities 		195,384 Millions of U.S. Dollars 225,222 Millions of U.S. Dollars 260,087 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 40
Net capital transfers paid 		20,010 Millions of U.S. Dollars 21,393 Millions of U.S. Dollars -67,013 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 41
Personal saving, FOF concept (FOF) 		2,208,273 Millions of U.S. Dollars 1,690,952 Millions of U.S. Dollars 3,027,684 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 42
- Net investment in consumer durables 		395,370 Millions of U.S. Dollars 420,429 Millions of U.S. Dollars 343,432 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 43
- Government insurance and pension fund reserves 		-603 Millions of U.S. Dollars -1,786 Millions of U.S. Dollars -711 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 44
+ Contr. for govt. soc. insur., U.S.-affiliated areas 		6,744 Millions of U.S. Dollars 6,732 Millions of U.S. Dollars 6,465 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 45
= Personal saving, NIPA concept (FOF) 		1,820,250 Millions of U.S. Dollars 1,279,041 Millions of U.S. Dollars 2,691,428 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 46
Personal saving, NIPA concept (NIPA) 		953,592 Millions of U.S. Dollars 1,140,343 Millions of U.S. Dollars 1,127,244 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 47
Difference 		866,658 Millions of U.S. Dollars 138,698 Millions of U.S. Dollars 1,564,184 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
Memo:
line 48
Disposable personal income 		22,945,378 Millions of U.S. Dollars 22,786,610 Millions of U.S. Dollars 22,002,574 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
Personal saving as a percentage of disposable personal income:
line 49
FOF concept (FOF data) (line 41) 		9.62404 Percent 7.42081 Percent 13.76059 Percent %
line 50
NIPA concept (FOF data) (line 45) 		7.93297 Percent 5.61312 Percent 12.23233 Percent %
line 51
NIPA concept (NIPA data) (line 46) 		4.15592 Percent 5.00444 Percent 5.12324 Percent %
line 52
Difference (line 47) 		3.77705 Percent 0.60868 Percent 7.10910 Percent %
   

Back to Top

Subscribe to the FRED newsletter

Follow us

 

Need Help?

Questions or Comments
FRED Help
Legal
Privacy Notice & Policy