Annual

L.230 Direct Investment

The Financial Accounts (formerly known as the Flow of Funds accounts) are a set of financial accounts used to track the sources and uses of funds by sector. They are a component of a system of macroeconomic accounts including the National Income and Product accounts (NIPA) and balance of payments accounts, all of which serve as a comprehensive set of information on the economy’s performance.(1) Some important inferences that can be drawn from the Financial accounts are the financial strength of a given sector, new economic trends, changes in the composition of wealth, and development of new financial instruments over time.(1)
Sectors are compiled into three categories: households, nonfinancial businesses, and banks. The sources of funds for a sector are its internal funds (savings from income after consumption) and external funds (loans from banks and other financial intermediaries). (1) Funds for a given sector are used for its investments in physical and financial assets. Dividing sources and uses of funds into two categories helps the staff of the Federal Reserve System pay particular attention to external sources of funds and financial uses of funds.(2) One example is whether households are borrowing more from banks—or in other words, whether household debt is rising. Another example might be whether banks are using more of their funds to provide loans to consumers. Transactions within a sector are not shown in the accounts; however, transactions between sectors are.(2) Monitoring the external flows of funds provides insights into a sector’s health and the performance of the economy as a whole.
Data for the Financial accounts are compiled from a large number of reports and publications, including regulatory reports such as those submitted by banks, tax filings, and surveys conducted by the Federal Reserve System.(2) The Financial accounts are published quarterly as a set of tables in the Federal Reserve’s Z.1 statistical release.
(1) Teplin, Albert M. “The U.S. Flow of Funds Accounts and Their Uses.” Federal Reserve Bulletin, July 2001; http://www.federalreserve.gov/pubs/bulletin/2001/0701lead.pdf.
(2) Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. “Guide to the Flow of Funds Accounts.” 2000, http://www.federalreserve.gov/apps/fof/.

For questions on the data, please contact the data source: https://www.federalreserve.gov/apps/ContactUs/feedback.aspx?refurl=/releases/z1/%
For questions on FRED functionality, please contact: https://fred.stlouisfed.org/contactus/

   

Please select a date range

    1945    
 
 
    2025
Line Name Period Value Preceding
Period 		Year Ago
from Period 		Units
U.S. direct investment abroad:
Liab:
line 1
Rest of the world 		. . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 2
Equity 		. . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 3
Intercompany debt 		2025 -132,969 Millions of U.S. Dollars -75,476 Millions of U.S. Dollars -75,476 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 4
U.S. parents’ claims 		2025 813,756 Millions of U.S. Dollars 841,091 Millions of U.S. Dollars 841,091 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 5
Less: U.S. parents’ liabilities 		2025 946,726 Millions of U.S. Dollars 916,567 Millions of U.S. Dollars 916,567 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
Asset:
line 6
Nonfinancial corporate business 		. . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 7
U.S.-chartered depository institutions 		. . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 8
Property-casualty insurance companies 		. . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 9
Life insurance companies 		. . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 10
Finance companies 		. . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 11
Brokers and dealers 		. . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
Foreign direct investment in U.S.:
Liab:
line 12
Nonfinancial corporate business 		. . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 13
Nonfinancial noncorporate business 		. . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 14
Foreign banking offices in U.S. 		. . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 15
Property-casualty insurance companies 		. . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 16
Life insurance companies 		. . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 17
Finance companies 		. . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 18
Brokers and dealers 		. . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 19
Holding companies 		2025 140,102 Millions of U.S. Dollars 142,844 Millions of U.S. Dollars 142,844 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 20
Funding corporations 		2025 0 Millions of U.S. Dollars 0 Millions of U.S. Dollars 0 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
Asset:
line 21
Rest of the world 		. . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 22
Equity 		. . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 23
Intercompany debt 		2025 439,075 Millions of U.S. Dollars 459,208 Millions of U.S. Dollars 459,208 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 24
U.S. affiliates’ liabilities 		2025 969,141 Millions of U.S. Dollars 964,359 Millions of U.S. Dollars 964,359 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 25
Less: U.S. affiliates’ claims 		2025 530,064 Millions of U.S. Dollars 505,152 Millions of U.S. Dollars 505,152 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
Memo:
Direct investment, asset/liability presentation:
line 26
Direct investment assets 		. . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 27
Equity (line 2) 		. . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 28
Intercompany debt 		. . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 29
U.S. parents’ claims (line 4) 		2025 813,756 Millions of U.S. Dollars 841,091 Millions of U.S. Dollars 841,091 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 30
U.S. affiliates’ claims (line 25) 		2025 530,064 Millions of U.S. Dollars 505,152 Millions of U.S. Dollars 505,152 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 31
Direct investment liabilities 		. . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 32
Equity (line 22) 		. . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 33
Intercompany debt 		. . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 34
U.S. parents’ liabilities (line 5) 		2025 946,726 Millions of U.S. Dollars 916,567 Millions of U.S. Dollars 916,567 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 35
U.S. affiliates’ liabilities (line 24) 		2025 969,141 Millions of U.S. Dollars 964,359 Millions of U.S. Dollars 964,359 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
Alternative valuations of direct investment assets:
U.S. direct investment abroad:
line 36
Market value 		2025 12,361,689 Millions of U.S. Dollars 9,707,075 Millions of U.S. Dollars 9,707,075 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 37
Equity 		2025 12,494,658 Millions of U.S. Dollars 9,782,551 Millions of U.S. Dollars 9,782,551 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 38
Intercompany debt 		2025 -132,969 Millions of U.S. Dollars -75,476 Millions of U.S. Dollars -75,476 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 39
Historical cost 		2025 6,713,434 Millions of U.S. Dollars 6,826,786 Millions of U.S. Dollars 6,826,786 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 40
Equity 		2025 6,846,403 Millions of U.S. Dollars 6,902,262 Millions of U.S. Dollars 6,902,262 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 41
Intercompany debt 		2025 -132,969 Millions of U.S. Dollars -75,476 Millions of U.S. Dollars -75,476 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
Foreign direct investment in U.S.:
line 42
Market value 		2025 19,037,168 Millions of U.S. Dollars 16,388,329 Millions of U.S. Dollars 16,388,329 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 43
Equity 		2025 18,598,093 Millions of U.S. Dollars 15,929,121 Millions of U.S. Dollars 15,929,121 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 44
Intercompany debt 		2025 439,075 Millions of U.S. Dollars 459,208 Millions of U.S. Dollars 459,208 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 45
Historical cost 		2025 5,639,880 Millions of U.S. Dollars 5,707,722 Millions of U.S. Dollars 5,707,722 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 46
Equity 		2025 5,200,805 Millions of U.S. Dollars 5,248,514 Millions of U.S. Dollars 5,248,514 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 47
Intercompany debt 		2025 439,075 Millions of U.S. Dollars 459,208 Millions of U.S. Dollars 459,208 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
   

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