Quarterly

F81.s Trade credit

The Financial Accounts (formerly known as the Flow of Funds accounts) are a set of financial accounts used to track the sources and uses of funds by sector. They are a component of a system of macroeconomic accounts including the National Income and Product accounts (NIPA) and balance of payments accounts, all of which serve as a comprehensive set of information on the economy’s performance.(1) Some important inferences that can be drawn from the Financial accounts are the financial strength of a given sector, new economic trends, changes in the composition of wealth, and development of new financial instruments over time.(1)
Sectors are compiled into three categories: households, nonfinancial businesses, and banks. The sources of funds for a sector are its internal funds (savings from income after consumption) and external funds (loans from banks and other financial intermediaries). (1) Funds for a given sector are used for its investments in physical and financial assets. Dividing sources and uses of funds into two categories helps the staff of the Federal Reserve System pay particular attention to external sources of funds and financial uses of funds.(2) One example is whether households are borrowing more from banks—or in other words, whether household debt is rising. Another example might be whether banks are using more of their funds to provide loans to consumers. Transactions within a sector are not shown in the accounts; however, transactions between sectors are.(2) Monitoring the external flows of funds provides insights into a sector’s health and the performance of the economy as a whole.
Data for the Financial accounts are compiled from a large number of reports and publications, including regulatory reports such as those submitted by banks, tax filings, and surveys conducted by the Federal Reserve System.(2) The Financial accounts are published quarterly as a set of tables in the Federal Reserve’s Z.1 statistical release.
(1) Teplin, Albert M. “The U.S. Flow of Funds Accounts and Their Uses.” Federal Reserve Bulletin, July 2001; http://www.federalreserve.gov/pubs/bulletin/2001/0701lead.pdf.
(2) Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. “Guide to the Flow of Funds Accounts.” 2000, http://www.federalreserve.gov/apps/fof/.

For questions on the data, please contact the data source: https://www.federalreserve.gov/apps/ContactUs/feedback.aspx?refurl=/releases/z1/%
For questions on FRED functionality, please contact: https://fred.stlouisfed.org/contactus/
To easily map the Board series IDs to FRED series IDs, see the DDP-FRED Crosswalk available at: https://www.federalreserve.gov/data/data-download-fred-information.htm

   

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    Q4 1945    
 
 
    Q2 2026
Line Name Period Value Preceding
Period 		Year Ago
from Period 		Units
U.S. direct investment abroad:
Liab:
line 1
Rest of the world 		. . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 2
Equity 		. . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 3
Intercompany debt 		Q2 2026 -63,519 Millions of U.S. Dollars -70,332 Millions of U.S. Dollars -97,749 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 4
U.S. parents’ claims 		Q2 2026 763,317 Millions of U.S. Dollars 783,634 Millions of U.S. Dollars 808,378 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 5
Less: U.S. parents’ liabilities 		Q2 2026 826,835 Millions of U.S. Dollars 853,966 Millions of U.S. Dollars 906,127 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
Asset:
line 6
Nonfinancial corporate business 		. . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 7
U.S.-chartered depository institutions 		. . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 8
Property-casualty insurance companies 		. . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 9
Life insurance companies 		. . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 10
Finance companies 		. . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 11
Brokers and dealers 		. . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
Foreign direct investment in U.S.:
Liab:
line 12
Nonfinancial corporate business 		. . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 13
Nonfinancial noncorporate business 		. . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 14
Foreign banking offices in U.S. 		. . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 15
Property-casualty insurance companies 		. . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 16
Life insurance companies 		. . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 17
Finance companies 		. . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 18
Brokers and dealers 		. . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 19
Holding companies 		Q2 2026 98,109 Millions of U.S. Dollars 107,398 Millions of U.S. Dollars 147,868 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 20
Funding corporations 		Q2 2026 0 Millions of U.S. Dollars 0 Millions of U.S. Dollars 0 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
Asset:
line 21
Rest of the world 		. . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 22
Equity 		. . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 23
Intercompany debt 		Q2 2026 424,982 Millions of U.S. Dollars 420,643 Millions of U.S. Dollars 423,143 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 24
U.S. affiliates’ liabilities 		Q2 2026 961,207 Millions of U.S. Dollars 956,160 Millions of U.S. Dollars 921,673 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 25
Less: U.S. affiliates’ claims 		Q2 2026 536,225 Millions of U.S. Dollars 535,516 Millions of U.S. Dollars 498,530 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
Memo:
Direct investment, asset/liability presentation:
line 26
Direct investment assets 		. . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 27
Equity (line 2) 		. . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 28
Intercompany debt 		. . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 29
U.S. parents’ claims (line 4) 		Q2 2026 763,317 Millions of U.S. Dollars 783,634 Millions of U.S. Dollars 808,378 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 30
U.S. affiliates’ claims (line 25) 		Q2 2026 536,225 Millions of U.S. Dollars 535,516 Millions of U.S. Dollars 498,530 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 31
Direct investment liabilities 		. . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 32
Equity (line 22) 		. . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 33
Intercompany debt 		. . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars . Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 34
U.S. parents’ liabilities (line 5) 		Q2 2026 826,835 Millions of U.S. Dollars 853,966 Millions of U.S. Dollars 906,127 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 35
U.S. affiliates’ liabilities (line 24) 		Q2 2026 961,207 Millions of U.S. Dollars 956,160 Millions of U.S. Dollars 921,673 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
Alternative valuations of direct investment assets:
U.S. direct investment abroad:
line 36
Market value 		Q2 2026 13,471,951 Millions of U.S. Dollars 12,301,358 Millions of U.S. Dollars 11,093,555 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 37
Equity 		Q2 2026 13,535,470 Millions of U.S. Dollars 12,371,690 Millions of U.S. Dollars 11,191,304 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 38
Intercompany debt 		Q2 2026 -63,519 Millions of U.S. Dollars -70,332 Millions of U.S. Dollars -97,749 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 39
Historical cost 		Q2 2026 7,432,884 Millions of U.S. Dollars 7,291,069 Millions of U.S. Dollars 6,898,798 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 40
Equity 		Q2 2026 7,496,403 Millions of U.S. Dollars 7,361,401 Millions of U.S. Dollars 6,996,547 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 41
Intercompany debt 		Q2 2026 -63,519 Millions of U.S. Dollars -70,332 Millions of U.S. Dollars -97,749 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
Foreign direct investment in U.S.:
line 42
Market value 		Q2 2026 13,837,029 Millions of U.S. Dollars 13,101,891 Millions of U.S. Dollars 12,316,099 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 43
Equity 		Q2 2026 13,412,047 Millions of U.S. Dollars 12,681,248 Millions of U.S. Dollars 11,892,956 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 44
Intercompany debt 		Q2 2026 424,982 Millions of U.S. Dollars 420,643 Millions of U.S. Dollars 423,143 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 45
Historical cost 		Q2 2026 6,025,787 Millions of U.S. Dollars 5,956,797 Millions of U.S. Dollars 5,735,577 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 46
Equity 		Q2 2026 5,600,805 Millions of U.S. Dollars 5,536,154 Millions of U.S. Dollars 5,312,434 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
line 47
Intercompany debt 		Q2 2026 424,982 Millions of U.S. Dollars 420,643 Millions of U.S. Dollars 423,143 Millions of U.S. Dollars Mil. of U.S. $
   

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