Averages of daily figures. Noon buying rates in New York City for cable transfers payable in foreign currencies. Starting January 1999 derived using the official fixed euro conversion rates.
Real effective exchange rates are calculated as weighted averages of bilateral exchange rates adjusted by relative consumer prices. Copyright, 2016, Bank for International Settlements (BIS). Terms and conditions of use are available at http://www.bis.org/terms_conditions.htm#Copyright_and_Permissions.
For more information and proper citation see http://www.rug.nl/research/ggdc/data/pwt/pwt-7.1 Source Indicator: XRAT
OECD Descriptor ID: CCUSSP01 OECD unit ID: EUR OECD country ID: ITA All OECD data should be cited as follows: OECD, "Main Economic Indicators - complete database", Main Economic Indicators (database), https://dx.doi.org/10.1787/data-00052-en (Accessed on date) Copyright, 2016, OECD. Reprinted with permission
OECD Descriptor ID: CCUSMA02 OECD unit ID: EUR OECD country ID: ITA All OECD data should be cited as follows: OECD, "Main Economic Indicators - complete database", Main Economic Indicators (database), https://dx.doi.org/10.1787/data-00052-en (Accessed on date) Copyright, 2016, OECD. Reprinted with permission
Source ID: xr When using these data in your research, please make the following reference: Feenstra, Robert C., Robert Inklaar and Marcel P. Timmer (2015), "The Next Generation of the Penn World Table" American Economic Review, 105(10), 3150-3182, available for download at www.ggdc.net/pwt For more information, see http://www.rug.nl/research/ggdc/data/pwt/.
Real effective exchange rates are calculated as weighted averages of bilateral exchange rates adjusted by relative consumer prices. Copyright, 2016, Bank for International Settlements (BIS). Terms and conditions of use are available at http://www.bis.org/terms_conditions.htm#Copyright_and_Permissions.
Nominal effective exchange rates are calculated as geometric weighted averages of bilateral exchange rates. Copyright, 2016, Bank for International Settlements (BIS). Terms and conditions of use are available at http://www.bis.org/terms_conditions.htm#Copyright_and_Permissions.
Nominal effective exchange rates are calculated as geometric weighted averages of bilateral exchange rates. Copyright, 2016, Bank for International Settlements (BIS). Terms and conditions of use are available at http://www.bis.org/terms_conditions.htm#Copyright_and_Permissions.
OECD Descriptor ID: CCRETT02 OECD unit ID: IDX OECD country ID: ITA All OECD data should be cited as follows: OECD, "Main Economic Indicators - complete database", Main Economic Indicators (database), https://dx.doi.org/10.1787/data-00052-en (Accessed on date) Copyright, 2016, OECD. Reprinted with permission
Source ID: pl_gdpo When using these data in your research, please make the following reference: Feenstra, Robert C., Robert Inklaar and Marcel P. Timmer (2015), "The Next Generation of the Penn World Table" American Economic Review, 105(10), 3150-3182, available for download at www.ggdc.net/pwt For more information, see http://www.rug.nl/research/ggdc/data/pwt/.
Source ID: pl_gdpe When using these data in your research, please make the following reference: Feenstra, Robert C., Robert Inklaar and Marcel P. Timmer (2013), "The Next Generation of the Penn World Table" available for download at www.ggdc.net/pwt For more information, see http://www.rug.nl/research/ggdc/data/pwt/.
OECD Descriptor ID: CCRETT01 OECD unit ID: IDX OECD country ID: ITA All OECD data should be cited as follows: OECD, "Main Economic Indicators - complete database", Main Economic Indicators (database), https://dx.doi.org/10.1787/data-00052-en (Accessed on date) Copyright, 2016, OECD. Reprinted with permission
Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) has eliminated the International Labor Comparisons (ILC) program. This is the last BLS release of international comparisons of manufacturing productivity and unit labor cost trends.
OECD Data Filters: REF_AREA: ITA COUNTERPART_AREA: W UNIT_MEASURE: USD_EXC TRADE_FLOW: X PRODUCT_TYPE: C ADJUSTMENT: Y TRANSFORMATION: N FREQ: M All OECD data should be cited as follows: OECD (year), (dataset name), (data source) DOI or https://data-explorer.oecd.org/ (https://data-explorer.oecd.org/). (accessed on (date)).
OECD Data Filters: REF_AREA: ITA COUNTERPART_AREA: W UNIT_MEASURE: USD_EXC TRADE_FLOW: M PRODUCT_TYPE: C ADJUSTMENT: Y TRANSFORMATION: N FREQ: M All OECD data should be cited as follows: OECD (year), (dataset name), (data source) DOI or https://data-explorer.oecd.org/ (https://data-explorer.oecd.org/). (accessed on (date)).
OECD Data Filters: REF_AREA: ITA COUNTERPART_AREA: W UNIT_MEASURE: USD_EXC TRADE_FLOW: TB PRODUCT_TYPE: C ADJUSTMENT: Y TRANSFORMATION: N FREQ: M All OECD data should be cited as follows: OECD (year), (dataset name), (data source) DOI or https://data-explorer.oecd.org/ (https://data-explorer.oecd.org/). (accessed on (date)).
Price Level of GDP is the PPP over GDP divided by the exchange rate times 100. The PPP of GDP or any component is the national currency value divided by the real value in international dollars. The PPP and the exchange rate are both expressed as national currency units per US dollar.The value of price level of GDP for the United States is made equal to 100. Price Levels of the components Consumption, Investment, and Government are derived in the same way as the price level of GDP. While the U.S. = 100 over GDP, this is not true for the component shares. The purchasing power parity in domestic currency per $US for GDP or any component, may be obtained by dividing the price level by 100 and multiplying by the Exchange Rate. For more information and proper citation see http://www.rug.nl/research/ggdc/data/pwt/pwt-7.1 Source Indicator: pi
Price Level of GDP is the PPP over GDP divided by the exchange rate times 100. The PPP of GDP or any component is the national currency value divided by the real value in international dollars. The PPP and the exchange rate are both expressed as national currency units per US dollar.The value of price level of GDP for the United States is made equal to 100. Price Levels of the components Consumption, Investment, and Government are derived in the same way as the price level of GDP. While the U.S. = 100 over GDP, this is not true for the component shares. The purchasing power parity in domestic currency per $US for GDP or any component, may be obtained by dividing the price level by 100 and multiplying by the Exchange Rate. For more information and proper citation see http://www.rug.nl/research/ggdc/data/pwt/pwt-7.1 Source Indicator: pc
OECD Data Filters: REF_AREA: ITA COUNTERPART_AREA: WXD MEASURE: KA UNIT_MEASURE: USD_EXC ACCOUNTING_ENTRY: B FS_ENTRY: T ADJUSTMENT: N FREQ: Q All OECD data should be cited as follows: OECD (year), (dataset name), (data source) DOI or https://data-explorer.oecd.org/ (https://data-explorer.oecd.org/). (accessed on (date)).
OECD Data Filters: REF_AREA: ITA COUNTERPART_AREA: WXD MEASURE: D9 UNIT_MEASURE: USD_EXC ACCOUNTING_ENTRY: B FS_ENTRY: T ADJUSTMENT: N FREQ: Q All OECD data should be cited as follows: OECD (year), (dataset name), (data source) DOI or https://data-explorer.oecd.org/ (https://data-explorer.oecd.org/). (accessed on (date)).
OECD Data Filters: REF_AREA: ITA COUNTERPART_AREA: WXD MEASURE: G UNIT_MEASURE: USD_EXC ACCOUNTING_ENTRY: D FS_ENTRY: T ADJUSTMENT: Y FREQ: Q All OECD data should be cited as follows: OECD (year), (dataset name), (data source) DOI or https://data-explorer.oecd.org/ (https://data-explorer.oecd.org/). (accessed on (date)).
OECD Data Filters: REF_AREA: ITA COUNTERPART_AREA: WXD MEASURE: FA_O_F UNIT_MEASURE: USD_EXC ACCOUNTING_ENTRY: N FS_ENTRY: T ADJUSTMENT: N FREQ: Q All OECD data should be cited as follows: OECD (year), (dataset name), (data source) DOI or https://data-explorer.oecd.org/ (https://data-explorer.oecd.org/). (accessed on (date)).
OECD Data Filters: REF_AREA: ITA COUNTERPART_AREA: WXD MEASURE: FA_O_F UNIT_MEASURE: USD_EXC ACCOUNTING_ENTRY: A FS_ENTRY: T ADJUSTMENT: N FREQ: Q All OECD data should be cited as follows: OECD (year), (dataset name), (data source) DOI or https://data-explorer.oecd.org/ (https://data-explorer.oecd.org/). (accessed on (date)).
OECD Data Filters: REF_AREA: ITA COUNTERPART_AREA: WXD MEASURE: FA_O_F UNIT_MEASURE: USD_EXC ACCOUNTING_ENTRY: L FS_ENTRY: T ADJUSTMENT: N FREQ: Q All OECD data should be cited as follows: OECD (year), (dataset name), (data source) DOI or https://data-explorer.oecd.org/ (https://data-explorer.oecd.org/). (accessed on (date)).
OECD Data Filters: REF_AREA: ITA COUNTERPART_AREA: WXD MEASURE: FA UNIT_MEASURE: USD_EXC ACCOUNTING_ENTRY: A FS_ENTRY: T ADJUSTMENT: N FREQ: Q All OECD data should be cited as follows: OECD (year), (dataset name), (data source) DOI or https://data-explorer.oecd.org/ (https://data-explorer.oecd.org/). (accessed on (date)).
OECD Data Filters: REF_AREA: ITA COUNTERPART_AREA: WXD MEASURE: FA UNIT_MEASURE: USD_EXC ACCOUNTING_ENTRY: N FS_ENTRY: T ADJUSTMENT: N FREQ: Q All OECD data should be cited as follows: OECD (year), (dataset name), (data source) DOI or https://data-explorer.oecd.org/ (https://data-explorer.oecd.org/). (accessed on (date)).
Price Level of GDP is the PPP over GDP divided by the exchange rate times 100. The PPP of GDP or any component is the national currency value divided by the real value in international dollars. The PPP and the exchange rate are both expressed as national currency units per US dollar.The value of price level of GDP for the United States is made equal to 100. Price Levels of the components Consumption, Investment, and Government are derived in the same way as the price level of GDP. While the U.S. = 100 over GDP, this is not true for the component shares. The purchasing power parity in domestic currency per $US for GDP or any component, may be obtained by dividing the price level by 100 and multiplying by the Exchange Rate. For more information and proper citation see http://www.rug.nl/research/ggdc/data/pwt/pwt-7.1 Source Indicator: pg
OECD Data Filters: REF_AREA: ITA COUNTERPART_AREA: WXD MEASURE: NP UNIT_MEASURE: USD_EXC ACCOUNTING_ENTRY: B FS_ENTRY: T ADJUSTMENT: N FREQ: Q All OECD data should be cited as follows: OECD (year), (dataset name), (data source) DOI or https://data-explorer.oecd.org/ (https://data-explorer.oecd.org/). (accessed on (date)).
OECD Data Filters: REF_AREA: ITA COUNTERPART_AREA: WXD MEASURE: S UNIT_MEASURE: USD_EXC ACCOUNTING_ENTRY: D FS_ENTRY: T ADJUSTMENT: Y FREQ: Q All OECD data should be cited as follows: OECD (year), (dataset name), (data source) DOI or https://data-explorer.oecd.org/ (https://data-explorer.oecd.org/). (accessed on (date)).
OECD Data Filters: REF_AREA: ITA COUNTERPART_AREA: WXD MEASURE: FA_R_F_S121 UNIT_MEASURE: USD_EXC ACCOUNTING_ENTRY: A FS_ENTRY: T ADJUSTMENT: N FREQ: Q All OECD data should be cited as follows: OECD (year), (dataset name), (data source) DOI or https://data-explorer.oecd.org/ (https://data-explorer.oecd.org/). (accessed on (date)).