Federal Reserve Economic Data

Prices Are First Of Month For 1890-1917 ; Thereafter They Are Monthly Averages. Data From 1923 On Were Checked With Survey Of Current Business. Source: Bls Bulletins And New York Journal Of Commerece And Commercial Bulletin This NBER data series m04129 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 4 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter04.html. NBER Indicator: m04129

Price Is The First Of Each Month, In New York, 1890-1917, And Is The Monthly Average Of Saturdays' Quotations, 1918-1944. Prices Were Published As Cents Per Pound. Price In 1914 Is For 100 Pound Packages Or Over. Beginning In 1940, Area Given Is "East Of Rocky Mountains." Source: Bls Bulletins And "Wholesale Prices" This NBER data series m04135 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 4 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter04.html. NBER Indicator: m04135

Data Refers To Wilton 5' Frame Bigelow Rugs. Prices Quoted Are For 1890-1931 The First Of Each Month Price And For 1932-1940 The Average Of Tuesday Prices. Trade And Cash Discounts Were Deducted In July 1937 But Have Here Been Corrected Back To A List Basis In Order To Yield A Continuous Series. Source: Bls Bulletins This NBER data series m04136 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 4 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter04.html. NBER Indicator: m04136

Original Sources For Data Are: Geological Survey (1890- 1901), Iron Age (1902-1922), And Steel, The Magazine Of Metalworking And Metalproducing (1923-1957). Prices As Of First Of Month, 1890-1919, And Average Of Wednesday Prices Form 1920 On. A Strike Occurrred In 1902, From "Spring To Latter Part Of Year." Iron Age. Strike In 1922 Reached Height In July And Ended Gradually From October January, 1923. There Was A Labor Dispute In The Anthracite Coal Industry, 10/1925-02/1926. Source: Bls Bulletins And "Wholesale Prices" (Except For 1920-1922-- Revised Figures From Bls Direct) Through 1941; Bulletin Nos. 718, 736, 759, 785, 870, 877, 920, 943, 947, 1007, And 1083 Through 1951; For 1952 And Following, Survey Of Current Business, 1955 Statistical Supplement And Monthly Issues. This NBER data series m04138 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 4 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter04.html. NBER Indicator: m04138

Source: Bls "All Commodities Other Than Farm Products And Processed Foods, Wholesale Price Index, 1957-59=100" (Table Of March 1962) For 1913- 1961;"Wholesale Prices And Price Indexes" (Monthly) Thereafter. This NBER data series m04193 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 4 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter04.html. NBER Indicator: m04193

Data Refers To Wheat Flour, Spring Patents And Is The Price On Tuesdays Of Each Week.Data Is From The Annual Reports Of The New York Produce Exchange And Was Computed By NBER From Average Weekly Prices. Source: Bls Bulletins, No. 39, Pp. 296-297, And Following Issues; 1915 And 1918:"War Industries Bulletin, Price Bulletin, Number 8" This NBER data series m04019a appears on the NBER website in Chapter 4 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter04.html. NBER Indicator: m04019a

Series Is Presented Here As Two Variables--(1)--Original Data, 1873-1890 (2)--Original Data, 1890-1892. No.1 Railroad Scrap Is Shown Instead Of No.1 Wrought For Philadelphia Beginning September 18, 1890. Source: Weekly Issues Of Iron Age This NBER data series m04142b appears on the NBER website in Chapter 4 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter04.html. NBER Indicator: m04142b

Series Is Presented Here As Three Variables--(1)--Original Data, 1868-1892 (2)--Original Data, 1890-1912 (3)--Original Data, 1911-1957. The Series Includes Crude Rubber And Quayule Latex In Rubber Equivalent Is Included Throughout The Series. Source: Monthly Summary Of Foreign Commerce This NBER data series m07044b appears on the NBER website in Chapter 7 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter07.html. NBER Indicator: m07044b

Content: Computed By NBER By Successive Subtraction Of Mileage Owned (First Track Only) On June 30 Of Each Year. Covers Class I, Ii, And Iii Railroads, Nonoperating Subsidiaries, And Some Railways Not Filing Annual Reports. Up Through June 30, 1908 Increases Include Switching And Terminal Companies; Thereafter, Do Not. Source: Interstate Commerce Commission, "Annual Report Of The Statistics Of Railways In The United States", 1926, P.Xcviii. This NBER data series a02083a appears on the NBER website in Chapter 2 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter02.html. NBER Indicator: a02083a

Data Was Computed By NBER From Data On Average Annual Earnings Published In The Source. Source: P.H. Douglas, Real Wages In The United States, 1890-1926, P. 382; Douglas And Jennison, The Movement Of Money And Real Earnings In The United States, 1926-1928, P. 25, University Of Chicago Studies In Business Administration, No. 3. This NBER data series a08060 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 8 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter08.html. NBER Indicator: a08060

Data Include Undercutting Machines Used In Lignite Mines. Source: Mineral Resources Of The U.S., 1923, 1927, 1929, 1930, 1931; Minerals Yearbook, 1932 And Following Issues. This NBER data series a01274 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 1 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter01.html. NBER Indicator: a01274

Series Is Presented Here As Two Variables--(1)-- Original Data, 1891-1919 (2)--Original Data, 1919-1927. The Index Is The Simple Geometric Average Of Prices For First Of Each Month Of Ten Commodities Relative To The Geometric Average Price For 1890-1899 As The Base (Pig Iron, Bar Iron, Coke, Spelter, Hides, Cotton Sheetings, Print Cloths, Worsted Yarns, Salt Mess Pork, And Cottonseed Oil). Source: Review Of Economic Statistics, Harvard Economic Service, Monthly Supplement This NBER data series m04050a appears on the NBER website in Chapter 4 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter04.html. NBER Indicator: m04050a

Data Refers To Cents Per Pound In Car Lots Through 07/1930 And In Tank Cars Thereafter. Data Is The Average Spot Price. 1891-1908: Data Was Compiled From "Oil, Paint, And Drug Reporter", 11/7/1910, P. 40. The Average Price Per Gal- Lon Was Divided By 7.5 To Convert To Pounds. 1909-1921: Data Is From Annual Reports Of The New York Produce Exchange. 1922-1941: Data Is From "Oil, Paint, And Drug Reporter" And Is The Average Of Daily Ranges. Source: Usda, "Agriculture Yearbook", 1924, P. 766 And Later Yearbooks; Also Editions Of "Agricultural Statistics" (Usda) And "Wholesale Prices" (Bureau Of Labor Statistics) This NBER data series m04081aa appears on the NBER website in Chapter 4 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter04.html. NBER Indicator: m04081aa

1919 Figures Taken From Valkswirtschaftliche Chronik, 1924, P. 53. Revised Figures Taken In Each Case. Computed Here From Cumulative Monthly Figures As Published The Second Time, I.E., One Year Later. Original Units In Doppelgentner (100 Kg.) Converted Here To Metric Tons (1000 Kg). Beginning 1894, Bullion And Precious Metals Excluded, But For 1891-3 Their Weight Is Negligible. For The Period 1927-June 1932, Figures Are Here Given For Both "Excluding Reparation Payments" And "Including Reparation Payments". "Reparation Payments" Data Were Not Paid Beginning July 1932. A New Tariff Law Was Passed In March, 1906. Figures For January, 1920-June, 1920 And January, 1921-April, 1921 Are Not Available. From November, 1924 Figures From The Occupied Territories Are Included; I.E., All Customs Union Reporting Hereon. Figures From December 1934 Are Unrevised. Source: Monatliche Nachweise Uber Den Auswartigen Handel This NBER data series m07025 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 7 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter07.html. NBER Indicator: m07025

Computed By NBER From Cumulative Monthly Review Figures, I.E. The Figures As Published In Any Issue For The Previous Year For Comparative But Containing Revisions If Necessary. Original Figures In Units Of Dappelzentner (100 Kg) Here Converted To Metric Tons (1000 Kg). Beginning 1894, Bullion Is Excluded, But Note That For 1891-1893, Its Weight Is Negligible In The Previous Totals. New Tariff Law Went Into Effect In March, 1906. From December, 1934 The Figures Are Unrevised. Source: Monatliche Nachweise Uber Den Auswartigen Handel Statistisches Amt. The Source For 1919 Is Volkswirtschafliche Chronik, 1924, P.53. This NBER data series m07030 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 7 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter07.html. NBER Indicator: m07030

Area Covered Includes German Palatinate. Figures For This Series Are Based On Increases In The Number Of Buildings Insured With The State Insurance Society. Compulsory Insurance Went Into Effect After 1883. The Source Changed Its Method Of Tabulaton Several Times. For Details, See Source: Statistiches Landesamt, Bavaria Statistiches Landesamt, "Statistiches Jahrbuch" This NBER data series a02081a appears on the NBER website in Chapter 2 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter02.html. NBER Indicator: a02081a

For 1892-1912, Figures Are Monthly Averages Of Daily Price Or Price Every Five Days. From 1913-1934, Prices Are From The End Of The Month. Figures For January-April, 1895 Are Prices For The Last Week Of The Month. The Quality Is Not Stated. Figure For December, 1916, Is Interpolated. No Data Were Available. 1916 Prices Are For Native Wheat. 1917 Prices Are At The Official Rate For Native Wheat There Were No Data For March-August, 1924. Source: For The Years 1892-1912, La Reforme Economique; For 1913-1933, Annuaire Statistique; For 1934, Bulletin De Statistique Generale De La France. This NBER data series m04004 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 4 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter04.html. NBER Indicator: m04004

This Series Is Concluded With The February, 1938 Issue Of Dun'S Review; November, 1937 Is The Last Available Datum (See January, 1938 Issue, P.33). Quarterly Figures Are First Of Quarter Data. Source: Bradstreet'S, January 15, 1910 (P.42); January, 15, 1916 (P.40); May, 5, 1923, (P.297); June 4, 1927 (P.377) And Succeeding Series. Dun And Bradstreet'S Monthly Review For April, 1933-December, 1936; Dun'S Review For 1937. This NBER data series q04049 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 4 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter04.html. NBER Indicator: q04049

Data For July 1938 On Are Subject To Revision. Source: Director Generale Des Douanes, "Documents Statistique Sur Le Commerce De La France, 1921/1923; Name Then Changes To"Statiste Que Mensuelle Du Commerce Extexieur De Ca France". This NBER data series m03026 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 3 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter03.html. NBER Indicator: m03026

Source: Director Generale Des Douanes, "Documents Statistique Sur Le Commerce De La France, 1921/1923; Name Then Changes To"Statiste Que Mensuelle Du Commerce Exterieur De La France". This NBER data series m03027 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 3 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter03.html. NBER Indicator: m03027

This Series Includes Houses And Factories. Additions To Existing Structures Are Excluded; Data Refer To Buildings Built In Entirety. Invaded Territory Is Excluded From 1915 To The End Of World War I. Source: Direction General Des Contributions Directes, "Renseignements Statistiques Relatifs Aux Contributions Directes Et Aux Taxes Assimilees, " 1893 And Following Issues This NBER data series a02077a appears on the NBER website in Chapter 2 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter02.html. NBER Indicator: a02077a

Data Refer To Buildings Built In Entirety. Additions Are Excluded. Data Include Houses And Factories. Source: Direction Generale Des Contributions Directes, "Renseignements Statistiques Relatifs Aux Contributions Directes, " 1893 And Following Issues This NBER data series a02077aa appears on the NBER website in Chapter 2 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter02.html. NBER Indicator: a02077aa

This Series Excludes Precious Metal Beginning In 1893. Had Precious Metals Been Included, Quarterly Data For 1893 Would Be 1St Quarter--836; 2Nd Quarter--823; 3Rd Quarter--809; 4Th Quarter--777. Quarterly Data Are Totals To 1908 1906 - Review Of Economic Statistics, October 1925, P. 284 New Tariff Law - Foreign Trade Statistics Cover Periods January 1St To March 1St And March 1St To July 1St (1906) Paper Marks Are Used For 1919-1922. Figures For January-April 1921, September-December 1972, And January-September 1973 Are Not Available. 1919 Data Are From Valkswirtschaflliche Chromik, 1924, P. 53. Occupied Territories Included From November 1924. January 1927-June 1932 Excludes Reparation Payments. Unrevised Figures Are Used, Beginning With December 1934. Source: Monatliche Nachweise Uber Den Auswartigan Handel Deutschlands This NBER data series q07026 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 7 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter07.html. NBER Indicator: q07026

Includes Precious Metals Throughout. The Data Are Taken From Cumulative Monthly Totals As Published The Second Time (One Year Later). For 1906 Data, See Revision Of Economic Statistics, October, 1925, P.284. For 1906 Data, New Tariff Law; Statistics Cover Periods January 1, To March 1, And March 1, To July 1. Data For 01/1920-04/1921, 09/1922-12/1922, 04/1923-09/1923 Are Not Available From October, 1924 Occupied Territories Are Included. From December, 1934 On The Figures Are Unrevised. Source: Monatliche Nachweise Uber Den Auswartigan Handel Deutschland Source For 1919, Volkwirtschaftlichs Chronile, 1924, P.53. This NBER data series q07031 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 7 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter07.html. NBER Indicator: q07031

Source: Reichsamt Des Innern, Central Bank Fuer Das Deutsche Reich This NBER data series m15011 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 15 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter15.html. NBER Indicator: m15011

Series Is Presented Here As Two Variables--(1)--Original Data, 1892-1914 (2)--Original Data, 1919-1923. The Figure For June 1900 Is Abnormal Due To The Virtual Doubling Of Fees On July 1, 1900 (See Emissions--Statistik In Deutschland By Dr. Hermann Kleiner, P. 90). The Huge Increase In July 1909 Is Due To The Imposition Of Higher Fees On August 1, 1909. Source: Reichsamt Des Innern, Central Blatt Fuer Das Deutsche Reich This NBER data series m15009a appears on the NBER website in Chapter 15 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter15.html. NBER Indicator: m15009a

Data Originally Given In Long Tons Were Converted To Short Tons By NBER. Source: U.S. Geological Survey, Mineral Resources (Checked With D. Houston And Company, Copper Manual, 1904, Vol. Iii, Pp. 82-85). This NBER data series m01138 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 1 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter01.html. NBER Indicator: m01138

The Method For Estimating Amount Afloat Was Not Given For December 1917 Or For February-June, 1918. No Data Are Available For July 1918-June 1919 As During This Period All Buying And Selling Was Done Through The Government. Beginning In 1928, Data (From Commodity Exchange Inc.) Were Checked By Adding Composite Items And Where Discrepancies Occured, The Computed Sum Of "Warehouse," "Landing," And "Afloat" Was Taken. The Last Issue Of The Monthly Statistical Supplement To The Daily Market Report Was That Of July 2, 1941. This Variable Was Continued By Adding Tin Metal Afloat To U.S. And Stocks Of Tin Metal -- Government, Distributors, Jobbers, And Immporters. Source: Data For 1892-1927: New York Metal Exchange, Official Daily Market Report; Data For 1928-1940: Commodity Exchange Inc., Monthly Statistical Supplements To The Daily Market Report, Tin And Copper; Data For 1941-1956: U.S. Bureau Of The Mines, Unpublished Data; And Mineral Industry Surveys, Monthly Tin Report; Alternate Source For 1893-1901: Engineering And Mining Journal; See Also Series 05024, Excluding Supply Afloat To The U.S. This NBER data series m05061 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 5 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter05.html. NBER Indicator: m05061

Series Is Presented Here As Four Variables--(1)--Original Data, 1878-1898 (2)--Original Data, 1893-1917 (3)--Original Data, 1911-1934 (4)--Original Data, 1929-1938. Data Converted By NBER, To Bushels From Metric Tons. One Metric Ton=36.743 American Bushels Of 60 Lbs. Data Represent Estimates From Yields Reported By Federal Crop Reporters. Source: Data For 1893-1910: Statistiches Jahrbuch. Data For 1911-1918: Vierteljahrshefte Zur Statistik, 1926, I, P. 51. This NBER data series a01016a appears on the NBER website in Chapter 1 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter01.html. NBER Indicator: a01016a

Series Is Presented Here As Four Variables--(1)--Original Data, 1878-1898 (2)--Original Data, 1893-1917 (3)--Original Data, 1911-1937 (4)--Original Data, 1933-1944. Data Are Converted By NBER To Bushels Fom Original Units Of Metric Tons By Dividing Number Of Metric Tons By 39.368. Data Are For Estimates From Yields Reported By Federal Crop Reporters. Source: Data For 1886-1910: Statistiches Jahrbuch, 1890 And Following Issues. Data For 1911-1917: Vierteljahrshefte, 1926, I, P. 51. This NBER data series a01018b appears on the NBER website in Chapter 1 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter01.html. NBER Indicator: a01018b

Series Is Presented Here As Two Variables--(1)--Original Data, 1893-1928 (2)--Original Data, 1927-1941. Data Were Converted From Monthly Total To Daily Average By NBER. This Variable Does Not Include Truck Receipts. Source: Data For1893-1894: U.S. Department Of Agriculture, Statistical Bulletin No. 25, P. 165. Data For 1895-1928: Milk Reporter. This NBER data series m01065a appears on the NBER website in Chapter 1 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter01.html. NBER Indicator: m01065a

Coverage Does Not Include Stocks Afloat. Landings Of Tin Are The Amounts In Process Of Being Discharged From The Boat, Including Stocks In Bond. In January 1894, This Included 652 Tons. A New Tariff Went Into Force On August 28, 1894. Tin Was Scarce And There Was An Import Duty. Data Were Gathered As Of The 25Th Of The Month From December 1892 To November 1901. Thereafter, Data Were Gathered As Of The Very End Of The Month. Beginning In December 1901, Stocks Include Those On Dock And Vessels, Hereon Taken On December 30. Formerly Stocks In Warehouses Were Taken On The 25Th Of The Month. Data For December 1917 Reflect The Decrease In Stocks At Atlantic Ports, A"Direct Result Of The Pacific Ports Having Become The Principal Ports Of Entry For Tin." Raw Figures For June And July, 1924 Are Published By The Record Book As 3933 And 3996 Respectively; These Are United Kingdom Stocks. The Raw Figure For March 1927 (1709) Is Sometimes Misprinted As 1509, But 1709 Appears Originally And Checks With Other Sources. The Raw Figure For June 1929 (3820) Is Also Sometimes Misprinted As 3830, But The Correct Figure Checks. Source: Data For 1893-October 1928: New York Metal Exchange, Official Daily Market Report; Data For November 1928-1941: U.S. Department Of Commerce, Survey Of Current Business Business. This NBER data series m05024 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 5 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter05.html. NBER Indicator: m05024

Series Is Presented Here As Three Variables--(1)--Original Data, 1878-1898 (2)--Original Data, 1893-1917 (3)--Original Data, 1911-1936. Data For 1916 Were Omitted Because They Were Not Comparable With The Rest Of The Data. Source: Wirtschaft Und Statistik, 1923 And Following Issues (Or Statistik Fur Das Deustche Reiches, Volumes For Crop Statistics). This NBER data series a01020ab appears on the NBER website in Chapter 1 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter01.html. NBER Indicator: a01020ab

Series Is Presented Here As Four Variables--(1)--Original Data, 1878-1898 (2)--Original Data, 1893-1917 (3)--Original Data, 1911-1937 (4)--Original Data, 1933-1944. Bushels Are Calculated From Original Units Of Metric Tons. Data Are For Estimates From Yields Reported By Federal Crop Reporter. Source: Data For 1893-1910: Statistiches Jahrbuch, Successive Issues. Data For 1911-1917: Vierteljahrshefte Zur Statistik, 126, I, P. 51. This NBER data series a01011b appears on the NBER website in Chapter 1 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter01.html. NBER Indicator: a01011b

1900-1930 Data Also Appear In America'S Capacity To Produce, (Brookings), P. 553. 1880-1945 Data Are Shown In Minerals Yearbook, 1945, Pp. 986-969; 1946 Data Are From The Mineral Industry Surveys, Mineral Market Report M.M.S. 1537 (July 10, 1947. 1910-1960 Data Are Also Shown In The Bureau Of Mines, Minerals Yearbook 1960 Preprint, Coke And Coal Chemicals, P. 9. These Are Data For Slot-Type Ovens. Source: Mineral Resources, 1930, Part Ii, P. 497; Ibid, 1931, Part Ii, P. 375; Statistical Appendix To Minerals Yearbooks, 1932-1933, P. 252; Minerals Yearbook, 1934, P. 577; Ibid, 1939, P. 867; And See Note Below. This NBER data series a01163 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 1 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter01.html. NBER Indicator: a01163

Quarterly Data Were Computed From Given Cumulative Quarterly Totals. Beginning In 1893 Monthly Data Are Given Except That Through 1908, The Months Of March, June, And September Are Here Computed From Quarterly Totals, Subtracting The Preceding Two Months. Source: Bradstreet'S, A Journal Of Trade, Finance, And Public Economy This NBER data series m09028 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 9 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter09.html. NBER Indicator: m09028

Data For 1881-1892 Were Derived By NBER From Original Cumulative Quarterly Totals; For 1893-1908, Figures For March, June, And September Were Obtained By Deducting The Sum Of The Two Preceeding Months From Quarterly Totals Ending With The Above Months. Data After January 1933 Is Available In Series 09029 And 09033. In March 1933 The Bradstreet Company Merged With R. G. Dun And Company, Therefore Subsequent Data Were Jointly Published. Source: Bradstreet'S, A Journal Of Trade, Finance, And Public Economy, Data For 1881-1908 Were Computed By NBER From The Source; Data For 1909-1933 Are Direct. This NBER data series m09032 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 9 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter09.html. NBER Indicator: m09032

For Details See The Bulletin Of The Statistical Office Of The International Tin Research And Development Council. Source: Official Daily Market Reports Of The New York Metal Exchange; Data For 1935-1936 Directly From Supplement To The Daily Market Report Of The Commodity Exchange, Inc. This NBER data series m01196 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 1 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter01.html. NBER Indicator: m01196

Series Is Presented Here As Two Variables--(1)--Original Data, 1893-1921 (2)--Original Data, 1921-1939. Data For May 1893 Are For Returns From 2/3 Of Ironmasters; Data For June-July 1893 Are For Returns From 3/4 Of Ironmasters. The Scottish Coal Miner'S Strike Began In June 1893. Great Coal Dispute Settled In November 1893. Data For 1894 Include 85% Of Total Blast Furnaces. Data For March 1912 Significantly Effected By A Coal Dispute. Data For September 1919 Interpolated By NBER. Source: Labour Gazette, May 1894, P. 140, And Monthly Issues Thereafter. This NBER data series m01133a appears on the NBER website in Chapter 1 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter01.html. NBER Indicator: m01133a

Source: R. G. Dun And Co., Dun'S Review

Data Were Derived By NBER From Published Figures Which Contain Printing Errors As Well As Errors In Adding District Data. Source: R. G. Dun And Co., Dun'S Review This NBER data series q09065 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 9 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter09.html. NBER Indicator: q09065

Data Are For Net Tons Of 100 Cubic Feet, Excluding Engine Space, Crew Space, Etc. Data Are For Vessels Cleared In Foreign Trade And Does Not Include The Domestic Trade Between Alaska, Hawaii, Puerto Rico, Guam, Samoa, And The U.S. Data Through June 1906 Were Computed By Adding "Sailing" And "Steam". The Monthly Summary Of Foreign Commerce Changed Titles Throughout The Span Of This Variable. For 1893-1894 It Was Called The Summary Statement Of Imports And Exports; For 1895, Finance, Commerce, And Navigation; For 1896-June 1898, Monthly Summary Of Finance And Commerce; For July 1898-June 1914, Monthly Summary Of Commerce And Finance; For July 1914-1934, Monthly Summary Of Foreign Commerce. Source: Data For 1894-May 1934: Monthly Summary Of Foreign Commerce. Data For June 1934-1941: U.S. Department Of Commerce, Survey Of Current Business, Successive Issues. This NBER data series m03022 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 3 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter03.html. NBER Indicator: m03022

Series Is Presented Here As Three Variables--(1)--Original Data, 1893-1901 (2)--Original Data, 1901-1924 (3)--Original Data, 1922-1935. Source: Anlagen Zu Den Stenographischen Berichten Des Reichstags, Band 240, 1907, P. 1414. This NBER data series m01119a appears on the NBER website in Chapter 1 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter01.html. NBER Indicator: m01119a

Series Is Presented Here As Two Variables--(1)--Original Data, 1867-1895 (2)--Original Data, 1894-1941. Data For 1930-1941 Are Computed By NBER Per Calendar Day. Data For August And November 1932 Are Computed By Summing Kentucky, New York, East And Southeast Ohio, Pennsylvania, And West Virginia. Data For 1935 On Exclude Tennessee. This Item, However, Is Negligible. Source: Data For 1894-1931: U.S. Geological Survey, Mineral Resources, Part Ii. Data For 1932-1941: Minerals Yearbook, Statistical Appendix. This NBER data series m01124b appears on the NBER website in Chapter 1 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter01.html. NBER Indicator: m01124b

Series Is Presented Here As Three Variables--(1)--Original Data, 1875-1938 (2)--Original Data, 1934-1939 (3)--Original Data, 1939-1968. The Quarterly Data In This Series Are Not Strictly Comparable--Data For 1875-1892 Include Bank Failures; Data For 1893-1900 Do Not. Monthly Data Beginning In 1894 Also Include Bank Failures. This Series Was Revised In 1933 To Exclude "Real Estate And Insurance Brokers, Holding And Finance Companies, Shipping Agents, Tourist Companies, Transportation Terminals, And Such," Formally Included In The Subgroup "Agents And Commercial Service" (See Source, Issues Of March And August, 1936). Source: Data For 1875-February 1933: R. G. Dun And Co., Dun'S Review; Data For March 1933-January 1937: Dun And Bradstreet, Inc., Dun And Bradstreet Monthly Review; Data For February 1937-August 1938: Dun'S Statistical Review. Data For 1933-1938 Are Also Available In Survey Of Current Business, 1936 And 1938 Supplements, And Issue Of October 1938. This NBER data series m09033a appears on the NBER website in Chapter 9 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter09.html. NBER Indicator: m09033a

Series Is Presented Here As Three Variables--(1)--Original Data, 1894-1938 (2)--Original Data, 1934-1939 (3)--Original Data, 1939-1948. Beginning In 1934, Liabilities For Manufacturing And Construction Companies Are Shown Separately (See Duns' Review, March, 1936, P.23). They Have Been Added To Continue The Series As Before. There Was Also A Slight Change In Coverage At The Same Time. The Source In March, 1933 Becomes The Dun And Bradstreet Monthly Review. This Name Continues Thru January, 1937, Thereafter Called Duns' Review. In February, 1937, The Statistical Supplement Was Created, Called The Statistical Review Beginning In March, 1937. Source: R. J. Dun And Co. (Dun And Bradstreet, Inc. After March, 1933), Data For 1894-February, 1933: Dun'S Review; Data For March, 1933-January, 1937: Dun And Bradstreet Monthly Review; Data For February, 1937-1938: Dun'S Statistical Review. This NBER data series m09034a appears on the NBER website in Chapter 9 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter09.html. NBER Indicator: m09034a

Series Is Presented Here As Three Variables--(1)--Original Data, 1894-1938 (2)--Original Data, 1934-1939 (3)--Original Data, 1939-1958. Beginning In 1934, Data Discontinued; Data Are Available On This Basis Through 1935. Beginning In 1934, Liabilities In Wholesale And Retail Trade Are Added In Order To Continue The Series As Before. A Slight Change In Coverage Of The Data Occured As Compared To The Former Group Trading Companies (See Source, March, 1936 For Revised Figures). This Segment Is Also Available From The Survey Of Current Business 1938 Supplement And The Issue Of October, 1938. Source: Dun And Bradstreet, Inc., Dun'S Review For 1894-February, 1933 Data; Dun And Bradstreet Monthly Review For March, 1933-January, 1937 Data; Thereafter, Data Furnished By Dun'S Statistical Review. This NBER data series m09035a appears on the NBER website in Chapter 9 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter09.html. NBER Indicator: m09035a

Series Is Presented Here As Three Variables--(1)--Original Data, 1894-1938 (2)--Original Data, 1934-1939 (3)--Original Data, 1939-1958. Coverage Includes Mining And Construction Concerns. The Raw Figure For September, 1913 (337) Is Printed By Dun'S As 317, But Is Believed To Be A Misprint Since 337 Checks With Series (Total Liabilities, Manfacturing). Raw Figures For September, October, And December, 1919 Were Estimated Because Data Are Not Available. The Total For The Three Months Is 413. This Amount Was Divided Among These Months In The Same Proportion As In The Series On Total Manufacturing (09030). Beginning In 1935, Liabilities For Manufacturing And Construction Companies Are Shown Separately. They Have Been Added To Continue The Series As Before. There Was Also A Slight Change In Coverage. Source: Data For 18944-February, 1933: Dun'S Review; Data For March, 1933-January, 1937: Dun And Bradstreet Monthly Review; Data For February 1937-1938: Dun'S Statistical Review. This NBER data series m09068a appears on the NBER website in Chapter 9 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter09.html. NBER Indicator: m09068a

Series Is Presented Here As Two Variables--(1)--Original Data, 1894-1938 (2)--Original Data, 1934-1962. Raw Figures For September, October, And December, 1919 Were Estimated Because Data Are Not Available. The Total For The Three Months Is 14. This Amount Was Divided Among These Months In The Same Proportion As In The Series On Total Manufacturing. Beginning In 1935, Liabilities For Manufacturing And Construction Companies Are Shown Separately. They Have Been Added To Continue The Series As Before. There Was Also A Slight Change In Coverage. Source: Data For 1894-February, 1933: Dun'S Review; Data For March, 1933-January, 1937: Dun And Bradstreet Monthly Review; Data For February 1937-1938: Dun'S Statistical Review. This NBER data series m09069a appears on the NBER website in Chapter 9 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter09.html. NBER Indicator: m09069a

Series Is Presented Here As Three Variables--(1)--Original Data, 1894-1938 (2)--Original Data, 1934-1939 (3)--Original Data, 1939-1961. Coverage Includes Mining And Construction Concerns. For December, 1894, No Figures Are Available For Liabilities Under $100,000. The Figure For Liabilities Over That Amount ($6.42 Million) Was Divided Between The Two Groups After Inspecting The Average Monthly Size Of Liabilities In Both Groups, And The Total. Now Annual Totals For 1894 No Longer Agree With The Totals Published In Dun'S Review. Figures For August And December Of 1909 Are Given As They Appear In Dun'S Review. The Total Of Liabilities Under And Over $100,000 Will Not Agree With Figures In Series 09034 (Liabilities For All Manufacturing Companies). Figures For September, October, And December Of 1919 Were Estimated As Data Are Not Available. The Total For The Three Months Is 4.64; The Amount Was Divided Among These Months In The Same Proportion As In The Series For Total Manufacturing (09034). Beginning In 1935, Liabilities For Manufacturing And Construction Companies Are Shown Separately. They Have Been Added Here To Continue The Segment As Before. There Also Occurred A Slight Change In Coverage. Source: R G. Dun And Co.(Dun And Bradstreet, Inc. After March, 1933), Data For 1894-February, 1933: Dun'S Review; Data For March, 1933-January, 1937: Dun And Bradstreet Monthly Review; Data For February, 1937-1938: Dun'S Statistical Review. This NBER data series m09070a appears on the NBER website in Chapter 9 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter09.html. NBER Indicator: m09070a

Series Is Presented Here As Two Variables--(1)--Original Data, 1894-1938 (2)--Original Data, 1934-1961. Coverage Includes Mining And Construction Concerns. For December, 1894, No Figures Are Available For Liabilities Under $100,000. The Figure For Liabilities Over That Amount ($6.42 Million) Was Divided Between The Two Groups After Inspecting The Average Monthly Size Of Liabilities In Both Groups, And The Total. Now Annual Totals For 1894 No Longer Agree With The Totals Published In Dun'S Review. Figures For August And December Of 1909 Are Given As They Appear In Dun'S Review. The Total Of Liabilities Under And Over $100,000 Will Not Agree With Figures In Series (Liabilities For All Manufacturing Companies). Figures For September, October, And December Of 1919 Were Estimated As Data Are Not Available. The Total For The Three Months Is 4.64; The Amount Was Divided Among These Months In The Same Proportion As In The Series For Total Manufacturing. Beginning In 1935, Liabilities For Manufacturing And Construction Companies Are Shown Separately. They Have Been Added Here To Continue The Series As Before. There Also Occurred A Slight Change In Coverage. Source: R G. Dun And Co.(Dun And Bradstreet, Inc. After March, 1933), Data For 1894-February, 1933: Dun'S Review; Data For March, 1933-January, 1937: Dun And Bradstreet Monthly Review; Data For February, 1937-1938: Dun'S Statistical Review. This NBER data series m09071a appears on the NBER website in Chapter 9 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter09.html. NBER Indicator: m09071a

Series Is Presented Here As Three Variables--(1)--Original Data, 1857-1938 (2)--Original Data, 1934-1939 (3)--Original Data, 1939-1965. Data Include The Groups Of Manufacturing And Trading Plus Agents And Brokers But Not Including Banks. Discrepencies In Figures For Certain Years Occur In Successive Issues Of The Source. They Have Been Settled By Summing Monthly Or Quarterly Data; Also By Using The Formula: Number Of Concerns In Business Multiplied By The Ratio Of Number Of Failures To Number Of Concerns. Factors Are Published In The Source. For 1933 The Series Was Revised To Exclude Real Estate And Insurance Brokers, Holding And Finance Companies, Shipping Agents, Tourist Companies, Transportation Terminals, And Such, Formally Included In The Subgroup "Agents And Commercial Service" (See Source, Issues Of March And August 1936). Source: Dun'S Review, January 5, 1895, P. 3; January 8, 1910, P. 3; January 8, 1927, P. 7; January 16, 1932, P. 20; Following January Issues; Data For 1933-1938 Is Also Published In Survey Of Current Business, 1936 And 1938 Supplements And Issue Of October 1939. This NBER data series m09029a appears on the NBER website in Chapter 9 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter09.html. NBER Indicator: m09029a

Series Is Presented Here As Three Variables--(1)--Original Data, 1894-1938 (2)--Original Data, 1934-1939 (3)--Original Data, 1939-1958. Data Cover Mining And Construction Concerns Beginning In 1934 The Numbers Of Failures Of Manufacturing And Construction Concerns Are Shown Seperately (See Dun'S Review, March 1936, P. 23). They Have Been Added Here To Continue The Series As Before. A Slight Change In Coverage Occurred At The Same Time. Source: Data For 1894-February 1933: R. J. Dun And Co., Dun'S Review; Data For March 1933-January 1937: Dun And Bradstreet, Inc., Dun And Bradstreet Monthly Review; Data For February 1937-1938: Dun And Bradstreet, Dun'S Statistical Review; Data For This Variable Is Also Available In Survey Of Current Business, 1938 Supplement And Issue Of October 1938. This NBER data series m09030a appears on the NBER website in Chapter 9 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter09.html. NBER Indicator: m09030a

Series Is Presented Here As Three Variables--(1)--Original Data, 1894-1938 (2)--Original Data, 1934-1939 (3)--Original Data, 1939-1958. Beginning With February 7, 1914 And Continuing For The Next Three Years, The 1913 Figures Are Omitted And Earlier Years Are Moved One Year Ahead. For Example, During 1914 The 1912 Figures Are Published As Those For 1913, The 1911 Figures As 1912, And The 1910 Figures As 1911. These Errors Were Made Only In The Number Of Trading Failures. The Totals For All Failures Were Based On Correct Figures And Therefore Do Not Check During This Period. Beginning In 1934, Failures In Wholesale And Retail Trade Are Added In Order To Continue The Series As Before. A Slight Change In Coverage Of The Data Occured As Compared To The Former Group Trading Companies (For Revised Figures, See Source, March,1936). Source: R G. Dun And Co.(Dun And Bradstreet, Inc. After March, 1933), Data For 1894-February, 1933: Dun'S Review; Data For March, 1933-January, 1937: Dun Bradstreet Monthly Review; Data For February, 1937-1938: Dun'S Statistical Review. This NBER data series m09031a appears on the NBER website in Chapter 9 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter09.html. NBER Indicator: m09031a

NBER Computed Data By Adding British Corporations, Colonial Corporations, And Foreign Corporations, All Municipal. Source: Computed By NBER This NBER data series q10019 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 10 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter10.html. NBER Indicator: q10019

NBER Computed Data By Adding Figures For The British Government, The Colonial Governments, And Foreign Governments. Source: Computed By NBER From The Economist This NBER data series q10020 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 10 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter10.html. NBER Indicator: q10020

Source: The Economist. This NBER data series q10021 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 10 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter10.html. NBER Indicator: q10021

Beginning In 1946, The Term Oven Coke Is Used To Refer To The Solid Material Formerly Called Byproduct Coke Which Is Produced In Vertical Slot-Type Coke Ovens. The Statistics Remain Unchanged. Source: Mineral Resources, 1929, Part Ii, Pp. 582-583; Mineral Yearbook, 1934 And Successive Issues. This NBER data series a01161 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 1 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter01.html. NBER Indicator: a01161

For 1894-1933, The Data Are For "General Imports". For 1934-1941, The Data Are For "Imports For Consumption". This Series Is Treated As Being Continuous, But For Details Please See The Notes Below. This Series Of Lead Imports Was Shown Separately Beginning In March, 1894. The Series Was Named "Lead And Lead Content Imports". The Series Was Named "Lead In Ore" Beginning In July, 1897. It Was Also Called"Imports Of Lead (Pigs, Bars, Old, And Other In Ore)" As Well As"Lead And In Ore, Etc". Beginning In July, 1900, The Series Was Called "Lead In Ore And Base Bullion". Beginning In July, 1909, The Series Was Called "Lead In Ore, Bullion, And Base Bullion". The Change In Name Beginning In July, 1897 Does Not Greatly Affect The Comparability Of The Series. This Can Be Seen By Comparing The Import Figures Of The Two Following Years. Under The Heading Of"Lead In Ore, Etc." The Figure For June-July 1897/8 Was 181.66. Under The Heading Of "Pigs, Bars, And Old" The Figure For June-July 1897/8 Was 3.31. The Figures For The Two Headings For June-July 1898/9 Were 195.93 And 0.45, Respectively. Beginning In July, 1910, The Series Was Called "Lead Ore, Lead Content, Lead In Other Ore, Bullion And Base Bullion". Lead In Other Ore Was Excluded Prior To July, 1910. Beginning In October, 1913, Lead In Other Ore Is Included In Lead Ore. Beginning In October, 1922, The Series Was Called "Lead Ore, Matte, Bullion, And Base Bullion". Unrevised Figures Are Given Beginning In December, 1931. An NBER Note Accompanying Data For 1933 Reads "(Excludes Imports For Smelting, Refining, And Export--For This Year Only)?" (N.B. Note That The Question Mark Was Added To The Note By NBER). Beginning With January, 1934 The Data Are For Imports For Consumption Only. This Includes Imports Going Into Immediate Consumption Plus Withdrawals From Bonded Warehouses. Beginning In 1936, The Data Includes Some "Pigs And Bars" And "Reclaimed "Reclaimed Scrap, Dross And Lead, N.S.P.F., Except Antinomial Lead", Whose Figures Are Lumped With Ore And Bullion In The Item For "For Smelting, Refining, And Export". However, "Pigs And Bars" And "Reclaimed Scrap", Etc. Are Relatively Unimportant In This Item. See The Series Description "Imports Of Lead (Ore, Matte, Bullion, And Base Bullion)". Source: Monthly Summary Of Foreign Commerce This NBER data series m07045 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 7 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter07.html. NBER Indicator: m07045

The New York Custom House Found A Lack Of Complete Records For 1920 Through June 1930. Source: U.S. Statistics Bureau, Bureau Of Foreign And Domestic Commerce, Monthly Summary Of Commerce And Finance - Monthly Summary Of Foreign Commerce, Etc. This NBER data series m05023 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 5 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter05.html. NBER Indicator: m05023