Table Data - Brave-Butters-Kelley Real Gross Domestic Product

Title Brave-Butters-Kelley Real Gross Domestic Product
Series ID BBKMGDP
Source Indiana University: Indiana Business Research Center
Release Brave-Butters-Kelley Indexes
Seasonal Adjustment Seasonally Adjusted
Frequency Monthly
Units Annualized Percent Change from Preceding Period
Date Range 1960-01-01 to 2026-06-01
Last Updated 2026-08-03 7:32 AM CDT
Notes The Brave-Butters-Kelley Indexes (BBKI) are the byproduct of research originally conducted by the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago. Currently, the BBKI are maintained and produced by the Indiana Business Research Center at the Kelley School of Business at Indiana University. The BBK Coincident and Leading Indexes and Monthly GDP Growth for the U.S. are constructed from a collapsed dynamic factor analysis of a panel of 490 monthly measures of real economic activity and quarterly real GDP growth.

The BBK Monthly GDP Growth is indexed to the quarterly estimates of real GDP growth from the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis and consists of three components: cycle, trend, and irregular components.

For more details, see also:
Brave, Scott A., Ross Cole, and David Kelley, 2019, A 'big data' view of the U.S. economy: Introducing the Brave-Butters-Kelley Indexes, Chicago Fed Letter, Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, No. 422. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.21033/cfl-2019-422
Brave, Scott A., R. Andrew Butters, and David Kelley, 2019, A new 'big data' index of U.S. economic activity, Economic Perspectives, Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, Vol. 43, No. 1. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.21033/ep-2019-1
DATE VALUE
1960-01-01 16.0141278653488400000
1960-02-01 5.0148004519324480000
1960-03-01 -4.6003522907784600000
1960-04-01 -3.7327140374385900000
1960-05-01 -2.7541941268625014000
1960-06-01 1.3924295808816156000
1960-07-01 5.5236539468126840000
1960-08-01 2.5333609003954307000
1960-09-01 -4.0111899751251360000
1960-10-01 -7.2578397946337300000
1960-11-01 -8.2437702073982720000
1960-12-01 -2.7340976281454410000
1961-01-01 6.3080202981135125000
1961-02-01 6.0641089478281740000
1961-03-01 6.8527702578764560000
1961-04-01 6.5843442641062300000
1961-05-01 6.5205117032355510000
1961-06-01 8.0277881021664500000
1961-07-01 7.7940894284839555000
1961-08-01 9.1205202582676400000
1961-09-01 4.3473405654412860000
1961-10-01 8.3928962167431660000
1961-11-01 9.1199867508224150000
1961-12-01 8.6655102430378490000
1962-01-01 4.4598838161881430000
1962-02-01 9.7948920685562740000
1962-03-01 4.1697427083932235000
1962-04-01 1.9455487600763453000
1962-05-01 2.3029213095243820000
1962-06-01 3.8463349564210940000
1962-07-01 7.6606803413987730000
1962-08-01 4.1584307643771950000
1962-09-01 2.7690108944236100000
1962-10-01 -1.3471212829417314000
1962-11-01 1.6538915681029043000
1962-12-01 2.8339710477258353000
1963-01-01 5.5501549261445940000
1963-02-01 6.7134709323903830000
1963-03-01 1.7391585897432997000
1963-04-01 2.8897913838353637000
1963-05-01 5.6909169222252260000
1963-06-01 9.9377369490195320000
1963-07-01 11.3803849237666590000
1963-08-01 7.8982594411642175000
1963-09-01 2.8208439263934220000
1963-10-01 0.3997339153293842000
1963-11-01 0.6901318730413300000
1963-12-01 7.3340198491104150000
1964-01-01 11.9137326563145080000
1964-02-01 10.1540489183690570000
1964-03-01 3.7995874345754200000
1964-04-01 3.0309884249110940000
1964-05-01 3.3294677632671017000
1964-06-01 5.4553576417299750000
1964-07-01 10.2585594154857420000
1964-08-01 4.9850430862252880000
1964-09-01 0.8105768071625370000
1964-10-01 -6.0471390320995280000
1964-11-01 6.3442744480378850000
1964-12-01 9.9367577547858100000
1965-01-01 11.2101127745677580000
1965-02-01 9.1916453956554150000
1965-03-01 7.8777075485756890000
1965-04-01 1.8286162041519294000
1965-05-01 3.8073635430608610000
1965-06-01 7.1410700865640955000
1965-07-01 11.9195987097312910000
1965-08-01 8.8323569076909950000
1965-09-01 7.6429415304629790000
1965-10-01 9.1762487548719190000
1965-11-01 9.3974596280156360000
1965-12-01 11.6118058956757440000
1966-01-01 10.6249429911216420000
1966-02-01 8.4594771242115880000
1966-03-01 5.1303659414983525000
1966-04-01 -2.1221866873213506000
1966-05-01 -1.5168836109487702000
1966-06-01 2.9081071215270557000
1966-07-01 4.2796571458172785000
1966-08-01 4.5570844795560820000
1966-09-01 4.1746052287597250000
1966-10-01 2.9965635415541290000
1966-11-01 1.3734407602732455000
1966-12-01 4.7089875234881760000
1967-01-01 6.2384872975699610000
1967-02-01 1.0131372933913216000
1967-03-01 0.2433331829994123000
1967-04-01 -0.7320430403272926000
1967-05-01 -0.5870135919387858000
1967-06-01 4.0871924872703310000
1967-07-01 3.8267473368647870000
1967-08-01 7.3895122063793650000
1967-09-01 0.0482483815674297200
1967-10-01 -1.2088195652038825000
1967-11-01 6.9070261695829470000
1967-12-01 9.3741861008850180000
1968-01-01 6.9927834368344630000
1968-02-01 9.0093746658642200000
1968-03-01 8.0394795446561440000
1968-04-01 5.1377580638852915000
1968-05-01 7.1609142292533290000
1968-06-01 4.7567305067981090000
1968-07-01 3.8154978399020980000
1968-08-01 -0.4659397497970867400
1968-09-01 0.6378426864877045000
1968-10-01 0.3513973131363519000
1968-11-01 3.6195503360634436000
1968-12-01 4.9723449176674350000
1969-01-01 8.5667312381570600000
1969-02-01 6.5368245214075530000
1969-03-01 3.5557709754304770000
1969-04-01 -1.0710288105388970000
1969-05-01 -1.4089802339128856000
1969-06-01 3.2678652265039574000
1969-07-01 4.5166721769949540000
1969-08-01 3.0140815366024660000
1969-09-01 -1.0077161230323570000
1969-10-01 -2.8612757457606050000
1969-11-01 -5.2690465919146710000
1969-12-01 0.5345410135264697000
1970-01-01 -1.2117453538640768000
1970-02-01 1.9023974825958190000
1970-03-01 -1.3309292536586175000
1970-04-01 -1.6621616043563079000
1970-05-01 2.4850946427134524000
1970-06-01 5.8658232884206890000
1970-07-01 7.5632015517916640000
1970-08-01 0.9345267362139220000
1970-09-01 -5.7634383937009800000
1970-10-01 -11.6845902680413850000
1970-11-01 -4.2394967580299740000
1970-12-01 15.3438670275568660000
1971-01-01 15.3153680491649300000
1971-02-01 10.5254699084879500000
1971-03-01 3.0001282161644323000
1971-04-01 -0.8708678619574912000
1971-05-01 0.3650308967623648000
1971-06-01 4.8132919514835910000
1971-07-01 3.2526642565889126000
1971-08-01 3.2554930434095732000
1971-09-01 3.2176990097795994000
1971-10-01 -2.1611468078845353000
1971-11-01 0.2654925714159373000
1971-12-01 4.6676825624589690000
1972-01-01 9.1857745723674900000
1972-02-01 8.6758733713563920000
1972-03-01 11.0191303789768450000
1972-04-01 10.5031129122084740000
1972-05-01 7.0405299624330780000
1972-06-01 4.5267324144248810000
1972-07-01 0.4614108806920480500
1972-08-01 5.7025879656305440000
1972-09-01 4.9541213554096030000
1972-10-01 6.1259077527847410000
1972-11-01 8.2945658901601500000
1972-12-01 9.1622394422185460000
1973-01-01 10.4328138095427720000
1973-02-01 11.2627705390525270000
1973-03-01 7.5562083377853750000
1973-04-01 3.8167901496173657000
1973-05-01 1.9477501681520150000
1973-06-01 -2.7155052775968405000
1973-07-01 -4.3628224329467020000
1973-08-01 -2.7174036868210805000
1973-09-01 3.0293448897727546000
1973-10-01 8.7144718912516840000
1973-11-01 4.6235538020650470000
1973-12-01 -4.7382221492259760000
1974-01-01 -6.5355190499720080000
1974-02-01 -4.0200424671381650000
1974-03-01 1.4592827959523693000
1974-04-01 2.3675564478709110000
1974-05-01 3.3246880707842412000
1974-06-01 -4.0995657444682740000
1974-07-01 -6.0328776450584560000
1974-08-01 -5.6576651380521050000
1974-09-01 0.0807810510772841700
1974-10-01 2.5510043898261970000
1974-11-01 -3.3915115519760080000
1974-12-01 -9.3753114397506780000
1975-01-01 -3.1715646686301118000
1975-02-01 -4.7504579003983970000
1975-03-01 -2.9887943824338720000
1975-04-01 6.5375932409247930000
1975-05-01 5.0586479808884770000
1975-06-01 6.6508570737763330000
1975-07-01 8.1982517160357300000
1975-08-01 6.0869743015299900000
1975-09-01 5.9735503596415390000
1975-10-01 3.9797590181453217000
1975-11-01 4.1399969329904360000
1975-12-01 9.9161391974179730000
1976-01-01 11.8686811786839270000
1976-02-01 8.3528980676865640000
1976-03-01 3.7889008658337446000
1976-04-01 1.7348781506109916000
1976-05-01 1.7008012947957816000
1976-06-01 1.7819551982533980000
1976-07-01 2.5747138295406940000
1976-08-01 2.1805848442319085000
1976-09-01 2.3198473565010360000
1976-10-01 0.8873963441936970000
1976-11-01 5.1603526714454230000
1976-12-01 6.1270413930413240000
1977-01-01 0.3893555746905703600
1977-02-01 7.9336376003606635000
1977-03-01 7.9888251688021260000
1977-04-01 6.8006857036502360000
1977-05-01 7.6556408206073100000
1977-06-01 9.6345378655621270000
1977-07-01 7.9071401809400750000
1977-08-01 6.0294232152230540000
1977-09-01 1.6351012105465280000
1977-10-01 -1.4871138810694542000
1977-11-01 -1.8930956539482370000
1977-12-01 -0.9989526242453088000
1978-01-01 -6.3553664232240670000
1978-02-01 8.8215789871361760000
1978-03-01 16.8268214586135760000
1978-04-01 20.7215341757571900000
1978-05-01 12.2689197736881840000
1978-06-01 7.3015240053360540000
1978-07-01 -0.1820894274656050800
1978-08-01 2.9134262051514295000
1978-09-01 3.8761655826621520000
1978-10-01 7.0938520369586830000
1978-11-01 6.4985265296518160000
1978-12-01 3.1543170071431033000
1979-01-01 -2.6031670393398650000
1979-02-01 -0.7262216259321308000
1979-03-01 2.8760237322567520000
1979-04-01 -5.7864651119360550000
1979-05-01 6.4818059657575290000
1979-06-01 3.2470186644963857000
1979-07-01 3.7813127715090050000
1979-08-01 1.0354572961031252000
1979-09-01 0.2379620701873950100
1979-10-01 1.6124918557932573000
1979-11-01 0.0908348351487342500
1979-12-01 2.4332779953214610000
1980-01-01 4.3752660238792400000
1980-02-01 0.1042483015854562800
1980-03-01 -6.9465966097116600000
1980-04-01 -11.6608512058873370000
1980-05-01 -11.0692920650849100000
1980-06-01 -4.0559826878156480000
1980-07-01 0.2999901358101855000
1980-08-01 3.4354074838139620000
1980-09-01 7.1020941509331730000
1980-10-01 6.7177781924543170000
1980-11-01 8.4662106379496630000
1980-12-01 11.8264077727508960000
1981-01-01 10.6526797635338840000
1981-02-01 4.2918086476110550000
1981-03-01 -2.8256028914629865000
1981-04-01 -6.7337253775014400000
1981-05-01 -4.1809712553929930000
1981-06-01 3.1331815821003130000
1981-07-01 9.2986257249158030000
1981-08-01 6.2307268276961110000
1981-09-01 0.4307507372252908000
1981-10-01 -5.8455574240688610000
1981-11-01 -8.8786819302075220000
1981-12-01 -11.2209920546912530000
1982-01-01 -11.7355360385957470000
1982-02-01 4.7215327237562015000
1982-03-01 0.6831203582062932000
1982-04-01 1.9976921319909353000
1982-05-01 2.6070908895127505000
1982-06-01 -0.9005966351523895000
1982-07-01 -2.4039499171654115000
1982-08-01 -3.9455677597259080000
1982-09-01 0.5169781385871843000
1982-10-01 -0.4786658753233275000
1982-11-01 1.9757047302196207000
1982-12-01 1.8258764147707292000
1983-01-01 8.7731261024955070000
1983-02-01 2.9583446693200830000
1983-03-01 9.2919854892152070000
1983-04-01 10.3144100531875240000
1983-05-01 9.5593379888576390000
1983-06-01 9.4007591323173060000
1983-07-01 6.9952426698949760000
1983-08-01 6.0124932810507360000
1983-09-01 9.8386106217280660000
1983-10-01 8.4806558630571430000
1983-11-01 7.9201456440310380000
1983-12-01 7.3821327711096510000
1984-01-01 8.6880269324305460000
1984-02-01 7.4313258091494650000
1984-03-01 6.0585267862884980000
1984-04-01 7.1629013761991940000
1984-05-01 7.5603424965510570000
1984-06-01 5.5447013276907960000
1984-07-01 3.2721657143525760000
1984-08-01 2.6921381968366970000
1984-09-01 0.6896885612567165000
1984-10-01 3.7788753943918145000
1984-11-01 4.9782509708357345000
1984-12-01 4.0477462936953580000
1985-01-01 3.4701682264216256000
1985-02-01 3.4898500001335773000
1985-03-01 4.2423788163144920000
1985-04-01 1.6195485314663636000
1985-05-01 5.1242663252888740000
1985-06-01 4.4906272523289520000
1985-07-01 6.9762604959980000000
1985-08-01 8.0799345984396260000
1985-09-01 3.3580755759143040000
1985-10-01 0.7215742392851294000
1985-11-01 3.0005206265935827000
1985-12-01 3.7166725956753870000
1986-01-01 7.1584408041659270000
1986-02-01 0.8810301254735124000
1986-03-01 -0.2283963224752616500
1986-04-01 3.3236646821292440000
1986-05-01 1.4857894757861536000
1986-06-01 2.8087481650268820000
1986-07-01 5.1850475956508950000
1986-08-01 3.7214098254508876000
1986-09-01 4.1845310611714510000
1986-10-01 0.4451295343701846500
1986-11-01 0.8471031487098286000
1986-12-01 4.1417029466744240000
1987-01-01 -0.7207820419961748000
1987-02-01 7.8966364069782475000
1987-03-01 3.8568039979717312000
1987-04-01 4.4826992536548130000
1987-05-01 3.6034688373934620000
1987-06-01 2.3455818732283060000
1987-07-01 3.0632376776503807000
1987-08-01 2.8080350028268030000
1987-09-01 7.9565422952251710000
1987-10-01 9.4900563970499850000
1987-11-01 5.5016379097572800000
1987-12-01 3.0883186140796450000
1988-01-01 -1.4636828710464553000
1988-02-01 2.8120963655180424000
1988-03-01 5.6600199223227300000
1988-04-01 6.6555636234457970000
1988-05-01 4.4918261856769490000
1988-06-01 3.9176207317547730000
1988-07-01 0.3747950259823271700
1988-08-01 1.7731593233743868000
1988-09-01 4.0310327466721640000
1988-10-01 6.1494143349453270000
1988-11-01 6.2421240545558410000
1988-12-01 6.8843357232248135000
1989-01-01 4.2336987292490040000
1989-02-01 0.5304398088799052000
1989-03-01 2.6253973415170920000
1989-04-01 4.1907828939854275000
1989-05-01 2.5656180083479216000
1989-06-01 3.8942504872963717000
1989-07-01 1.5788296695265611000
1989-08-01 6.0137156736830160000
1989-09-01 -0.5625573107888435000
1989-10-01 -1.6570713170178668000
1989-11-01 1.9177287553022393000
1989-12-01 3.3536135324466345000
1990-01-01 4.7326093811776620000
1990-02-01 6.4238318464136690000
1990-03-01 3.4529322604309440000
1990-04-01 -1.4986799299802205000
1990-05-01 1.2526073257260240000
1990-06-01 1.7154416059471622000
1990-07-01 -0.2307326743410449400
1990-08-01 0.7693763278508006000
1990-09-01 -3.1389077555663490000
1990-10-01 -3.9695101199661456000
1990-11-01 -6.3848001441076880000
1990-12-01 -2.7505965038198403000
1991-01-01 -1.6564371337524118000
1991-02-01 -0.1564510786251438500
1991-03-01 0.2784581277102149400
1991-04-01 5.4639306429892835000
1991-05-01 4.3930334439331930000
1991-06-01 2.3838212504050067000
1991-07-01 2.1574294665752394000
1991-08-01 0.2735982530808569500
1991-09-01 1.9723115103746842000
1991-10-01 0.7731300092254183000
1991-11-01 1.9642608009497140000
1991-12-01 2.0475584863987410000
1992-01-01 5.8662103467190025000
1992-02-01 6.4410603131222800000
1992-03-01 6.3029888672260360000
1992-04-01 3.9395956674624270000
1992-05-01 2.1087464386161600000
1992-06-01 3.7437085234690772000
1992-07-01 5.3600308644101900000
1992-08-01 1.9772347793745233000
1992-09-01 5.7860363493478690000
1992-10-01 5.5756593586149360000
1992-11-01 2.8334553720474767000
1992-12-01 1.3795296225975024000
1993-01-01 -0.3591128450467375700
1993-02-01 0.2542677364052004000
1993-03-01 1.0061267596338466000
1993-04-01 3.8905406017629510000
1993-05-01 2.6584900506070817000
1993-06-01 1.6178453106516710000
1993-07-01 0.6894995572141931000
1993-08-01 1.8472142130963871000
1993-09-01 5.4934986045694260000
1993-10-01 6.8418477480652500000
1993-11-01 5.3670976568002950000
1993-12-01 4.5477534730707000000
1994-01-01 2.0141591423285705000
1994-02-01 3.0389341531267458000
1994-03-01 8.1721317327782000000
1994-04-01 5.5181596803463740000
1994-05-01 4.7628984729528140000
1994-06-01 3.0134126223393570000
1994-07-01 0.0971381355075293700
1994-08-01 3.3104657047934825000
1994-09-01 3.2767844175965120000
1994-10-01 5.4485672029610480000
1994-11-01 5.3215416872968270000
1994-12-01 4.1353149963319400000
1995-01-01 0.1035847648837084900
1995-02-01 -0.7632035741979486000
1995-03-01 0.3987723473119127000
1995-04-01 0.4289321990541355000
1995-05-01 2.7906614398952554000
1995-06-01 3.7989325882150524000
1995-07-01 1.4750650175160323000
1995-08-01 5.8817660595762040000
1995-09-01 3.9228409455966560000
1995-10-01 0.9846701346673397000
1995-11-01 2.2607256671921440000
1995-12-01 3.1748598897178310000
1996-01-01 -0.4292634186186239400
1996-02-01 6.6413333279779000000
1996-03-01 6.2441058394303910000
1996-04-01 7.5769466320900170000
1996-05-01 6.7542936693096130000
1996-06-01 4.1751325488962160000
1996-07-01 1.8061919817880570000
1996-08-01 3.3678114172062825000
1996-09-01 4.9138520566454130000
1996-10-01 4.5377639984882630000
1996-11-01 4.7895368888159320000
1996-12-01 0.7969732833424485000
1997-01-01 0.0214762030722903670
1997-02-01 5.3354514912950720000
1997-03-01 6.0433172431913690000
1997-04-01 7.6520739742608550000
1997-05-01 6.6186277467218400000
1997-06-01 5.8241625320006385000
1997-07-01 5.3383384719669100000
1997-08-01 3.3930583841938740000
1997-09-01 3.6053568121149837000
1997-10-01 2.8391240184605880000
1997-11-01 3.9613802351700556000
1997-12-01 3.5688914668736893000
1998-01-01 4.1164422041742394000
1998-02-01 4.6437442477816870000
1998-03-01 3.2056521619455642000
1998-04-01 3.4700812817997530000
1998-05-01 4.4976049497024290000
1998-06-01 2.7119165320740010000
1998-07-01 3.8099857491223457000
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