Table Data - Index of Global Real Economic Activity

Title Index of Global Real Economic Activity
Series ID IGREA
Source Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas
Release Index of Global Real Economic Activity
Seasonal Adjustment Not Seasonally Adjusted
Frequency Monthly
Units Index
Date Range 1968-01-01 to 2026-01-01
Last Updated 2026-03-11 3:04 PM CDT
Notes This series is an updated index of global real economic activity in industrial commodity markets, as proposed in Kilian (2009), with the correction discussed in Kilian (2019). This business-cycle index is expressed in percent deviations from trend. It is derived from a panel of dollar-denominated global bulk dry cargo shipping rates and may be viewed as a proxy for the volume of shipping in global industrial commodity markets. For further discussion of the advantages of this index compared with measures of global real GDP or global industrial production see Kilian and Zhou (2018).
DATE VALUE
1968-01-01 -12.79632000
1968-02-01 -9.47295970
1968-03-01 -11.30680500
1968-04-01 -11.43035800
1968-05-01 -10.69469000
1968-06-01 -7.74349700
1968-07-01 -12.37067800
1968-08-01 -15.99836400
1968-09-01 -15.22720800
1968-10-01 -20.15348200
1968-11-01 -8.90286670
1968-12-01 -16.58241200
1969-01-01 -18.94263400
1969-02-01 -18.14980200
1969-03-01 -17.03096900
1969-04-01 -22.87178600
1969-05-01 -27.76492300
1969-06-01 -18.79269500
1969-07-01 -26.58088400
1969-08-01 -21.98898800
1969-09-01 -14.42828700
1969-10-01 -6.66378960
1969-11-01 -0.96851936
1969-12-01 3.68610770
1970-01-01 25.21846700
1970-02-01 39.46898000
1970-03-01 53.55243800
1970-04-01 54.86587700
1970-05-01 56.41342400
1970-06-01 51.91422200
1970-07-01 47.49471000
1970-08-01 53.41593200
1970-09-01 58.74152500
1970-10-01 59.18450400
1970-11-01 54.04482100
1970-12-01 16.38818500
1971-01-01 7.60367530
1971-02-01 -16.34496200
1971-03-01 -18.09441100
1971-04-01 -23.35009800
1971-05-01 -30.07491500
1971-06-01 -53.66462700
1971-07-01 -59.88056200
1971-08-01 -63.83044700
1971-09-01 -50.39079900
1971-10-01 -60.11405500
1971-11-01 -43.87552300
1971-12-01 -48.34787200
1972-01-01 -60.34216800
1972-02-01 -67.19713800
1972-03-01 -69.76946700
1972-04-01 -60.56497900
1972-05-01 -64.50953600
1972-06-01 -67.24888800
1972-07-01 -57.05542500
1972-08-01 -63.41818700
1972-09-01 -9.07243940
1972-10-01 -6.17893900
1972-11-01 -5.03488370
1972-12-01 8.96710190
1973-01-01 20.44349000
1973-02-01 29.18911200
1973-03-01 38.30639600
1973-04-01 42.70779300
1973-05-01 49.98537300
1973-06-01 57.44501800
1973-07-01 58.91251200
1973-08-01 69.43293900
1973-09-01 80.86270300
1973-10-01 106.78733000
1973-11-01 103.81876000
1973-12-01 113.82579000
1974-01-01 105.35842000
1974-02-01 88.41939400
1974-03-01 98.00652400
1974-04-01 86.03294700
1974-05-01 103.79146000
1974-06-01 82.12372100
1974-07-01 61.82270300
1974-08-01 58.45875100
1974-09-01 60.20868800
1974-10-01 61.36452300
1974-11-01 58.78080200
1974-12-01 21.61911500
1975-01-01 -0.94393553
1975-02-01 -9.89011680
1975-03-01 -26.69172300
1975-04-01 -41.44392600
1975-05-01 -44.10818500
1975-06-01 -36.96192100
1975-07-01 -41.94462700
1975-08-01 -45.65587700
1975-09-01 -34.44530200
1975-10-01 -34.03516200
1975-11-01 -24.13626900
1975-12-01 -35.75752800
1976-01-01 -46.06154900
1976-02-01 -50.31977100
1976-03-01 -32.58959900
1976-04-01 -28.99994600
1976-05-01 -19.40516800
1976-06-01 -16.27598500
1976-07-01 -21.58465800
1976-08-01 -24.06790800
1976-09-01 -24.79989400
1976-10-01 -20.88811900
1976-11-01 -19.45795500
1976-12-01 -35.85908600
1977-01-01 -49.24008300
1977-02-01 -45.15019700
1977-03-01 -45.48725500
1977-04-01 -43.60752000
1977-05-01 -35.85899800
1977-06-01 -40.63370700
1977-07-01 -44.42933600
1977-08-01 -47.13504000
1977-09-01 -47.29426900
1977-10-01 -33.06414500
1977-11-01 -33.54382800
1977-12-01 -38.11492400
1978-01-01 -38.58735800
1978-02-01 -38.89711700
1978-03-01 -39.36246200
1978-04-01 -39.98044300
1978-05-01 -22.87828200
1978-06-01 -17.31356100
1978-07-01 -25.91655000
1978-08-01 -26.35781100
1978-09-01 -14.09128000
1978-10-01 -18.12800800
1978-11-01 -4.10475180
1978-12-01 -7.10643850
1979-01-01 -16.38418500
1979-02-01 -10.93203200
1979-03-01 6.96882950
1979-04-01 8.94824560
1979-05-01 28.75297800
1979-06-01 46.03848500
1979-07-01 54.06533000
1979-08-01 36.97063200
1979-09-01 43.53960200
1979-10-01 43.46752200
1979-11-01 48.97906500
1979-12-01 35.16842400
1980-01-01 34.54749300
1980-02-01 39.90396700
1980-03-01 41.88252300
1980-04-01 60.21546200
1980-05-01 63.37367500
1980-06-01 56.61466100
1980-07-01 44.50302900
1980-08-01 53.25794400
1980-09-01 54.50876900
1980-10-01 54.39528400
1980-11-01 64.22266300
1980-12-01 67.86225100
1981-01-01 63.55525600
1981-02-01 61.36792400
1981-03-01 49.84695200
1981-04-01 45.49776100
1981-05-01 35.43008900
1981-06-01 40.68694900
1981-07-01 32.33916000
1981-08-01 14.74707200
1981-09-01 12.67429100
1981-10-01 15.20859900
1981-11-01 14.24222100
1981-12-01 7.29906410
1982-01-01 2.72431710
1982-02-01 -6.61573410
1982-03-01 2.61101620
1982-04-01 10.55843800
1982-05-01 7.41280910
1982-06-01 -16.92853200
1982-07-01 -41.22659200
1982-08-01 -43.57024700
1982-09-01 -27.76441600
1982-10-01 -27.19646700
1982-11-01 -24.60131800
1982-12-01 -19.84841500
1983-01-01 -17.81735700
1983-02-01 -12.94112300
1983-03-01 -10.05019000
1983-04-01 -7.36032730
1983-05-01 -7.56505090
1983-06-01 -22.50096300
1983-07-01 -33.75491000
1983-08-01 -34.79764900
1983-09-01 -31.77924200
1983-10-01 -28.80966400
1983-11-01 -21.43139200
1983-12-01 -31.75302400
1984-01-01 -29.88621900
1984-02-01 -23.25477900
1984-03-01 -19.00528700
1984-04-01 -15.03286500
1984-05-01 -15.66675500
1984-06-01 -24.51889300
1984-07-01 -29.40718300
1984-08-01 -28.55756900
1984-09-01 -25.41300600
1984-10-01 -24.14038800
1984-11-01 -16.59430100
1984-12-01 -19.75145800
1985-01-01 -23.30599200
1985-02-01 -27.63490800
1985-03-01 -25.90401300
1985-04-01 -20.92004000
1985-05-01 -24.94169900
1985-06-01 -34.44526300
1985-07-01 -50.18911000
1985-08-01 -57.64741900
1985-09-01 -50.09672700
1985-10-01 -37.02531900
1985-11-01 -36.20392400
1985-12-01 -36.05203300
1986-01-01 -37.80468200
1986-02-01 -51.75643500
1986-03-01 -55.39754300
1986-04-01 -61.55972700
1986-05-01 -66.39538300
1986-06-01 -69.35502700
1986-07-01 -80.97939800
1986-08-01 -78.31452800
1986-09-01 -54.27344300
1986-10-01 -48.82453100
1986-11-01 -51.14312500
1986-12-01 -60.13260900
1987-01-01 -46.53505100
1987-02-01 -41.80589700
1987-03-01 -35.09618500
1987-04-01 -25.19851500
1987-05-01 -19.44940900
1987-06-01 -30.73642400
1987-07-01 -33.67961600
1987-08-01 -18.79546300
1987-09-01 -22.34204300
1987-10-01 -17.33963100
1987-11-01 -12.32674100
1987-12-01 -5.13617360
1988-01-01 2.88037400
1988-02-01 14.12973300
1988-03-01 19.22462100
1988-04-01 11.68419300
1988-05-01 5.23599140
1988-06-01 -5.07450560
1988-07-01 -11.43170400
1988-08-01 -9.36335930
1988-09-01 -4.81415650
1988-10-01 -1.90359100
1988-11-01 7.87431140
1988-12-01 11.34669400
1989-01-01 17.81479800
1989-02-01 12.25302700
1989-03-01 17.57530500
1989-04-01 17.00907500
1989-05-01 21.56649800
1989-06-01 3.15556490
1989-07-01 1.07887970
1989-08-01 2.46118290
1989-09-01 3.93849630
1989-10-01 10.64687400
1989-11-01 18.18984600
1989-12-01 14.60428600
1990-01-01 16.53574600
1990-02-01 13.10177300
1990-03-01 12.55043000
1990-04-01 2.71469140
1990-05-01 -6.18849520
1990-06-01 -15.01641300
1990-07-01 -24.99745200
1990-08-01 -15.98148600
1990-09-01 -18.57802000
1990-10-01 -14.56174100
1990-11-01 -9.59814540
1990-12-01 -0.32153348
1991-01-01 0.30575497
1991-02-01 10.06179600
1991-03-01 18.00202000
1991-04-01 10.54986400
1991-05-01 14.38526500
1991-06-01 16.56949600
1991-07-01 8.09646210
1991-08-01 2.93538690
1991-09-01 6.04409580
1991-10-01 10.38666100
1991-11-01 10.98474400
1991-12-01 5.54474890
1992-01-01 2.67044960
1992-02-01 -10.68397500
1992-03-01 -18.01106900
1992-04-01 -21.82665300
1992-05-01 -14.15899800
1992-06-01 -22.16320500
1992-07-01 -31.58978200
1992-08-01 -31.54174500
1992-09-01 -32.90779100
1992-10-01 -32.31348200
1992-11-01 -19.54658500
1992-12-01 -7.74135950
1993-01-01 -12.36303200
1993-02-01 -10.19907600
1993-03-01 -2.08011810
1993-04-01 1.95171890
1993-05-01 8.03304200
1993-06-01 4.69583430
1993-07-01 -6.78677020
1993-08-01 -6.10300660
1993-09-01 -3.93358220
1993-10-01 -7.47910880
1993-11-01 -13.05746700
1993-12-01 -18.23260600
1994-01-01 -18.71597600
1994-02-01 -24.79211200
1994-03-01 -25.41812500
1994-04-01 -13.19238400
1994-05-01 -0.29087287
1994-06-01 -9.62052120
1994-07-01 -5.63987100
1994-08-01 -0.39402518
1994-09-01 3.28389660
1994-10-01 19.62338800
1994-11-01 22.46656900
1994-12-01 29.23305700
1995-01-01 30.33151300
1995-02-01 28.88599100
1995-03-01 38.70523900
1995-04-01 41.26096200
1995-05-01 40.83171800
1995-06-01 29.36794400
1995-07-01 27.59345000
1995-08-01 33.42981300
1995-09-01 29.61158700
1995-10-01 13.70435700
1995-11-01 10.06177700
1995-12-01 8.14564290
1996-01-01 3.12512190
1996-02-01 -4.48093790
1996-03-01 -8.25412990
1996-04-01 -3.46886640
1996-05-01 -6.28093470
1996-06-01 -16.95890500
1996-07-01 -29.88751100
1996-08-01 -32.75126500
1996-09-01 -38.19549900
1996-10-01 -28.90176900
1996-11-01 -4.43002610
1996-12-01 -1.99104030
1997-01-01 -3.64121860
1997-02-01 -5.31803140
1997-03-01 -2.87457700
1997-04-01 -9.15546120
1997-05-01 -16.58839000
1997-06-01 -17.07848300
1997-07-01 -11.90635100
1997-08-01 -15.48099000
1997-09-01 -15.33029800
1997-10-01 -13.28830500
1997-11-01 -20.04133500
1997-12-01 -20.09740300
1998-01-01 -26.66388700
1998-02-01 -42.50425900
1998-03-01 -35.47125000
1998-04-01 -42.39407700
1998-05-01 -42.77815700
1998-06-01 -51.68517400
1998-07-01 -58.32840100
1998-08-01 -63.28740100
1998-09-01 -54.43816500
1998-10-01 -42.43129900
1998-11-01 -44.95916400
1998-12-01 -57.15743200
1999-01-01 -62.74262600
1999-02-01 -58.54766800
1999-03-01 -43.88380900
1999-04-01 -48.93014000
1999-05-01 -34.80900000
1999-06-01 -41.85703600
1999-07-01 -43.33103500
1999-08-01 -36.57893200
1999-09-01 -27.69897400
1999-10-01 -12.14548500
1999-11-01 -12.53033400
1999-12-01 -11.92761700
2000-01-01 -9.99237020
2000-02-01 -8.64548690
2000-03-01 6.03221530
2000-04-01 9.11822610
2000-05-01 5.13313200
2000-06-01 3.90349180
2000-07-01 5.58971430
2000-08-01 7.04683110
2000-09-01 11.05221600
2000-10-01 12.32398300
2000-11-01 11.62474000
2000-12-01 4.77559700
2001-01-01 1.66323490
2001-02-01 -4.11256920
2001-03-01 -2.45866550
2001-04-01 -6.74622220
2001-05-01 -6.46407380
2001-06-01 -11.54946500
2001-07-01 -24.38985700
2001-08-01 -45.05635300
2001-09-01 -48.91936100
2001-10-01 -53.57214200
2001-11-01 -58.25511100
2001-12-01 -56.29201500
2002-01-01 -49.51680600
2002-02-01 -46.45051800
2002-03-01 -36.18377500
2002-04-01 -35.34292400
2002-05-01 -39.45805900
2002-06-01 -43.09415800
2002-07-01 -43.85506300
2002-08-01 -42.55782900
2002-09-01 -26.03533500
2002-10-01 -11.69411000
2002-11-01 -4.96376680
2002-12-01 8.23756000
2003-01-01 9.63275530
2003-02-01 8.06651060
2003-03-01 18.06778100
2003-04-01 29.56273800
2003-05-01 37.67460300
2003-06-01 33.38138300
2003-07-01 35.80974200
2003-08-01 39.74168400
2003-09-01 47.04223200
2003-10-01 99.80349400
2003-11-01 101.98530000
2003-12-01 109.99215000
2004-01-01 122.35029000
2004-02-01 126.44294000
2004-03-01 120.36499000
2004-04-01 107.00528000
2004-05-01 84.56608100
2004-06-01 62.92019900
2004-07-01 89.36140900
2004-08-01 99.32425200
2004-09-01 98.50130900
2004-10-01 107.32033000
2004-11-01 122.68699000
2004-12-01 126.73388000
2005-01-01 106.58613000
2005-02-01 107.00119000
2005-03-01 109.97633000
2005-04-01 106.66293000
2005-05-01 85.70318800
2005-06-01 57.00544900
2005-07-01 35.18241300
2005-08-01 34.14886200
2005-09-01 56.89025900
2005-10-01 68.89118200
2005-11-01 61.49471500
2005-12-01 50.19214700
2006-01-01 35.82958100
2006-02-01 43.68565300
2006-03-01 49.85195500
2006-04-01 44.22652800
2006-05-01 43.15814600
2006-06-01 53.78553100
2006-07-01 64.93401300
2006-08-01 83.62614700
2006-09-01 93.40400300
2006-10-01 93.74363000
2006-11-01 97.80475700
2006-12-01 100.85440000
2007-01-01 103.72066000
2007-02-01 102.05643000
2007-03-01 116.96436000
2007-04-01 128.44782000
2007-05-01 138.87446000
2007-06-01 128.45144000
2007-07-01 141.42106000
2007-08-01 150.61462000
2007-09-01 167.89413000
2007-10-01 187.30109000
2007-11-01 187.81138000
2007-12-01 180.93110000
2008-01-01 148.95731000
2008-02-01 144.66744000
2008-03-01 160.43180000
2008-04-01 163.10843000
2008-05-01 189.57838000
2008-06-01 183.02137000
2008-07-01 168.80716000
2008-08-01 150.30341000
2008-09-01 110.63951000
2008-10-01 10.45022900
2008-11-01 -66.78503800
2008-12-01 -75.52951300
2009-01-01 -55.89081200
2009-02-01 13.55881400
2009-03-01 21.35388600
2009-04-01 4.84994410
2009-05-01 47.46537900
2009-06-01 87.69354900
2009-07-01 75.04097600
2009-08-01 52.38872800
2009-09-01 39.07939900
2009-10-01 54.47767800
2009-11-01 90.43986600
2009-12-01 80.72454700
2010-01-01 68.82474500
2010-02-01 52.28451400
2010-03-01 70.44551800
2010-04-01 65.34088100
2010-05-01 88.77119300
2010-06-01 67.23787300
2010-07-01 19.17665200
2010-08-01 43.35926300
2010-09-01 54.52045800
2010-10-01 53.37961100
2010-11-01 38.42834800
2010-12-01 24.84807900
2011-01-01 -12.44233400
2011-02-01 -29.67817000
2011-03-01 -6.58402400
2011-04-01 -17.47292700
2011-05-01 -16.92553700
2011-06-01 -10.95298400
2011-07-01 -15.88660900
2011-08-01 -14.47681200
2011-09-01 13.76196600
2011-10-01 25.73779500
2011-11-01 13.56803900
2011-12-01 15.52067600
2012-01-01 -43.25199700
2012-02-01 -82.45451700
2012-03-01 -62.40596100
2012-04-01 -45.16855700
2012-05-01 -37.17915200
2012-06-01 -53.03784000
2012-07-01 -40.94502100
2012-08-01 -74.18466400
2012-09-01 -81.82239000
2012-10-01 -52.13211300
2012-11-01 -44.48932600
2012-12-01 -62.32843000
2013-01-01 -72.83350500
2013-02-01 -76.59151300
2013-03-01 -59.92604300
2013-04-01 -59.78944400
2013-05-01 -62.28535200
2013-06-01 -52.40034400
2013-07-01 -34.68198500
2013-08-01 -37.92197500
2013-09-01 5.67559250
2013-10-01 17.17495900
2013-11-01 -1.74231630
2013-12-01 31.60929200
2014-01-01 -7.61867650
2014-02-01 -33.16144700
2014-03-01 -6.80380290
2014-04-01 -41.87104400
2014-05-01 -47.18744700
2014-06-01 -55.55176000
2014-07-01 -69.10839000
2014-08-01 -52.55110200
2014-09-01 -34.31808600
2014-10-01 -36.08886600
2014-11-01 -16.67137200
2014-12-01 -54.34809600
2015-01-01 -76.19973900
2015-02-01 -105.88301000
2015-03-01 -99.42733900
2015-04-01 -96.72603200
2015-05-01 -95.93679000
2015-06-01 -80.26576500
2015-07-01 -46.94886400
2015-08-01 -37.93565300
2015-09-01 -55.69378400
2015-10-01 -67.01671900
2015-11-01 -97.86291600
2015-12-01 -109.05318000
2016-01-01 -138.40083000
2016-02-01 -161.10788000
2016-03-01 -139.01656000
2016-04-01 -93.19051900
2016-05-01 -91.23456100
2016-06-01 -93.30496400
2016-07-01 -77.91840300
2016-08-01 -82.93822800
2016-09-01 -62.31979800
2016-10-01 -57.58607000
2016-11-01 -36.49917200
2016-12-01 -38.68519300
2017-01-01 -53.50083900
2017-02-01 -71.26295500
2017-03-01 -30.30778000
2017-04-01 -23.45310000
2017-05-01 -45.96578800
2017-06-01 -58.19678800
2017-07-01 -52.87245500
2017-08-01 -29.96446100
2017-09-01 -12.55720100
2017-10-01 -3.98491800
2017-11-01 -6.15076400
2017-12-01 4.54544210
2018-01-01 -22.20068700
2018-02-01 -32.23154200
2018-03-01 -29.50253200
2018-04-01 -31.78525400
2018-05-01 -18.27994400
2018-06-01 -13.74046200
2018-07-01 6.26808640
2018-08-01 9.82889080
2018-09-01 -6.90964850
2018-10-01 -0.42261830
2018-11-01 -26.12374000
2018-12-01 -14.69476500
2019-01-01 -37.22928400
2019-02-01 -89.83330300
2019-03-01 -82.24704700
2019-04-01 -69.63611600
2019-05-01 -40.20889000
2019-06-01 -27.50384700
2019-07-01 18.98537100
2019-08-01 24.87830500
2019-09-01 37.79646100
2019-10-01 16.57948200
2019-11-01 -8.75163480
2019-12-01 -11.58931700
2020-01-01 -79.41925700
2020-02-01 -121.21013000
2020-03-01 -94.06899700
2020-04-01 -83.13753900
2020-05-01 -113.47206000
2020-06-01 -28.62103300
2020-07-01 6.45230520
2020-08-01 -1.18691870
2020-09-01 -8.45928110
2020-10-01 6.07398170
2020-11-01 -26.35349300
2020-12-01 -21.33785800
2021-01-01 7.31302050
2021-02-01 -2.87309810
2021-03-01 26.43570100
2021-04-01 46.39469000
2021-05-01 63.96460700
2021-06-01 62.17033200
2021-07-01 70.24838600
2021-08-01 85.56505600
2021-09-01 99.49076900
2021-10-01 110.39448000
2021-11-01 54.67677400
2021-12-01 56.00941800
2022-01-01 8.06406820
2022-02-01 11.65765200
2022-03-01 40.18991300
2022-04-01 29.62173600
2022-05-01 57.03750200
2022-06-01 35.10133200
2022-07-01 21.28878700
2022-08-01 -17.19775600
2022-09-01 -12.27820500
2022-10-01 7.20881640
2022-11-01 -26.27863800
2022-12-01 -14.92290000
2023-01-01 -62.18938300
2023-02-01 -94.67809800
2023-03-01 -18.41952000
2023-04-01 -13.74541200
2023-05-01 -18.15979100
2023-06-01 -45.11862900
2023-07-01 -49.10563000
2023-08-01 -39.36634400
2023-09-01 -20.41833200
2023-10-01 8.95350920
2023-11-01 6.97368000
2023-12-01 39.60040400
2024-01-01 -5.62189520
2024-02-01 20.79567500
2024-03-01 26.13951000
2024-04-01 0.62557636
2024-05-01 9.79655440
2024-06-01 11.42070900
2024-07-01 11.57667600
2024-08-01 0.09414888
2024-09-01 13.59823600
2024-10-01 -2.96609250
2024-11-01 -11.00663200
2024-12-01 -44.91659900
2025-01-01 -61.87251900
2025-02-01 -66.10164800
2025-03-01 -11.88091100
2025-04-01 -23.56347400
2025-05-01 -25.04784900
2025-06-01 -2.31437080
2025-07-01 5.21791120
2025-08-01 14.52384900
2025-09-01 20.41215400
2025-10-01 14.22390300
2025-11-01 23.28102600
2025-12-01 30.00779200
2026-01-01 2.52497000

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