Table Data - Index of Global Real Economic Activity

Title Index of Global Real Economic Activity
Series ID IGREA
Source Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas
Release Index of Global Real Economic Activity
Seasonal Adjustment Not Seasonally Adjusted
Frequency Monthly
Units Index
Date Range 1968-01-01 to 2026-03-01
Last Updated 2026-05-12 2:33 PM CDT
Notes This series is an updated index of global real economic activity in industrial commodity markets, as proposed in Kilian (2009), with the correction discussed in Kilian (2019). This business-cycle index is expressed in percent deviations from trend. It is derived from a panel of dollar-denominated global bulk dry cargo shipping rates and may be viewed as a proxy for the volume of shipping in global industrial commodity markets. For further discussion of the advantages of this index compared with measures of global real GDP or global industrial production see Kilian and Zhou (2018).
DATE VALUE
1968-01-01 -12.70491400
1968-02-01 -9.38194690
1968-03-01 -11.21618600
1968-04-01 -11.34013200
1968-05-01 -10.60485900
1968-06-01 -7.65405910
1968-07-01 -12.28163400
1968-08-01 -15.90971400
1968-09-01 -15.13895100
1968-10-01 -20.06561900
1968-11-01 -8.81539740
1968-12-01 -16.49533700
1969-01-01 -18.85595200
1969-02-01 -18.06351400
1969-03-01 -16.94507500
1969-04-01 -22.78628600
1969-05-01 -27.67981600
1969-06-01 -18.70798200
1969-07-01 -26.49656400
1969-08-01 -21.90506200
1969-09-01 -14.34475400
1969-10-01 -6.58065110
1969-11-01 -0.88577459
1969-12-01 3.76845870
1970-01-01 25.30042400
1970-02-01 39.55054400
1970-03-01 53.63360800
1970-04-01 54.94665400
1970-05-01 56.49380600
1970-06-01 51.99421100
1970-07-01 47.57430500
1970-08-01 53.49513300
1970-09-01 58.82033200
1970-10-01 59.26291800
1970-11-01 54.12284100
1970-12-01 16.46581200
1971-01-01 7.68090800
1971-02-01 -16.26812300
1971-03-01 -18.01796600
1971-04-01 -23.27404600
1971-05-01 -29.99925700
1971-06-01 -53.58936200
1971-07-01 -59.80569100
1971-08-01 -63.75597000
1971-09-01 -50.31671600
1971-10-01 -60.04036600
1971-11-01 -43.80222700
1971-12-01 -48.27497000
1972-01-01 -60.26966000
1972-02-01 -67.12502400
1972-03-01 -69.69774600
1972-04-01 -60.49365200
1972-05-01 -64.43860200
1972-06-01 -67.17834800
1972-07-01 -56.98527900
1972-08-01 -63.34843500
1972-09-01 -9.00308100
1972-10-01 -6.10997430
1972-11-01 -4.96631270
1972-12-01 9.03527920
1973-01-01 20.51127300
1973-02-01 29.25650200
1973-03-01 38.37339200
1973-04-01 42.77439500
1973-05-01 50.05158200
1973-06-01 57.51083300
1973-07-01 58.97793300
1973-08-01 69.49796600
1973-09-01 80.92733700
1973-10-01 106.85157000
1973-11-01 103.88261000
1973-12-01 113.88924000
1974-01-01 105.42148000
1974-02-01 88.48205900
1974-03-01 98.06879500
1974-04-01 86.09482500
1974-05-01 103.85295000
1974-06-01 82.18481100
1974-07-01 61.88340000
1974-08-01 58.51905400
1974-09-01 60.26859700
1974-10-01 61.42403900
1974-11-01 58.83992400
1974-12-01 21.67784300
1975-01-01 -0.88560112
1975-02-01 -9.83217610
1975-03-01 -26.63417600
1975-04-01 -41.38677300
1975-05-01 -44.05142500
1975-06-01 -36.90555500
1975-07-01 -41.88865500
1975-08-01 -45.60029800
1975-09-01 -34.39011700
1975-10-01 -33.98037100
1975-11-01 -24.08187100
1975-12-01 -35.70352400
1976-01-01 -46.00794000
1976-02-01 -50.26655400
1976-03-01 -32.53677600
1976-04-01 -28.94751700
1976-05-01 -19.35313300
1976-06-01 -16.22434400
1976-07-01 -21.53341100
1976-08-01 -24.01705400
1976-09-01 -24.74943400
1976-10-01 -20.83805300
1976-11-01 -19.40828200
1976-12-01 -35.80980700
1977-01-01 -49.19119800
1977-02-01 -45.10170500
1977-03-01 -45.43915700
1977-04-01 -43.55981600
1977-05-01 -35.81168800
1977-06-01 -40.58679000
1977-07-01 -44.38281400
1977-08-01 -47.08891100
1977-09-01 -47.24853400
1977-10-01 -33.01880300
1977-11-01 -33.49888000
1977-12-01 -38.07037000
1978-01-01 -38.54319700
1978-02-01 -38.85335000
1978-03-01 -39.31908900
1978-04-01 -39.93746400
1978-05-01 -22.83569600
1978-06-01 -17.27136900
1978-07-01 -25.87475200
1978-08-01 -26.31640700
1978-09-01 -14.05026900
1978-10-01 -18.08739000
1978-11-01 -4.06452830
1978-12-01 -7.06660870
1979-01-01 -16.34474900
1979-02-01 -10.89298900
1979-03-01 7.00747820
1979-04-01 8.98650050
1979-05-01 28.79084000
1979-06-01 46.07595300
1979-07-01 54.10240400
1979-08-01 37.00731200
1979-09-01 43.57588800
1979-10-01 43.50341400
1979-11-01 49.01456400
1979-12-01 35.20352900
1980-01-01 34.58220400
1980-02-01 39.93828400
1980-03-01 41.91644700
1980-04-01 60.24899200
1980-05-01 63.40681100
1980-06-01 56.64740400
1980-07-01 44.53537800
1980-08-01 53.28990000
1980-09-01 54.54033100
1980-10-01 54.42645200
1980-11-01 64.25343800
1980-12-01 67.89263100
1981-01-01 63.58524300
1981-02-01 61.39751700
1981-03-01 49.87615100
1981-04-01 45.52656700
1981-05-01 35.45850100
1981-06-01 40.71496800
1981-07-01 32.36678500
1981-08-01 14.77430300
1981-09-01 12.70112800
1981-10-01 15.23504200
1981-11-01 14.26827100
1981-12-01 7.32472010
1982-01-01 2.74957940
1982-02-01 -6.59086550
1982-03-01 2.63549110
1982-04-01 10.58252000
1982-05-01 7.43649650
1982-06-01 -16.90523900
1982-07-01 -41.20369200
1982-08-01 -43.54774000
1982-09-01 -27.74230400
1982-10-01 -27.17474800
1982-11-01 -24.57999300
1982-12-01 -19.82748400
1983-01-01 -17.79681900
1983-02-01 -12.92097900
1983-03-01 -10.03044000
1983-04-01 -7.34097070
1983-05-01 -7.54608800
1983-06-01 -22.48239400
1983-07-01 -33.73673400
1983-08-01 -34.77986700
1983-09-01 -31.76185400
1983-10-01 -28.79266900
1983-11-01 -21.41479200
1983-12-01 -31.73681700
1984-01-01 -29.87040600
1984-02-01 -23.23936000
1984-03-01 -18.99026200
1984-04-01 -15.01823300
1984-05-01 -15.65251700
1984-06-01 -24.50504900
1984-07-01 -29.39373200
1984-08-01 -28.54451200
1984-09-01 -25.40034200
1984-10-01 -24.12811900
1984-11-01 -16.58242500
1984-12-01 -19.73997500
1985-01-01 -23.29490300
1985-02-01 -27.62421300
1985-03-01 -25.89371200
1985-04-01 -20.91013200
1985-05-01 -24.93218500
1985-06-01 -34.43614300
1985-07-01 -50.18038400
1985-08-01 -57.63908700
1985-09-01 -50.08878900
1985-10-01 -37.01777400
1985-11-01 -36.19677300
1985-12-01 -36.04527500
1986-01-01 -37.79831800
1986-02-01 -51.75046400
1986-03-01 -55.39196700
1986-04-01 -61.55454500
1986-05-01 -66.39059400
1986-06-01 -69.35063200
1986-07-01 -80.97539600
1986-08-01 -78.31092100
1986-09-01 -54.27022900
1986-10-01 -48.82171000
1986-11-01 -51.14069800
1986-12-01 -60.13057600
1987-01-01 -46.53341200
1987-02-01 -41.80465200
1987-03-01 -35.09533300
1987-04-01 -25.19805700
1987-05-01 -19.44934400
1987-06-01 -30.73675400
1987-07-01 -33.68033900
1987-08-01 -18.79657900
1987-09-01 -22.34355300
1987-10-01 -17.34153500
1987-11-01 -12.32903900
1987-12-01 -5.13886510
1988-01-01 2.87728880
1988-02-01 14.12625400
1988-03-01 19.22074800
1988-04-01 11.67992700
1988-05-01 5.23133130
1988-06-01 -5.07955940
1988-07-01 -11.43715100
1988-08-01 -9.36920050
1988-09-01 -4.82039140
1988-10-01 -1.91021960
1988-11-01 7.86728900
1988-12-01 11.33927800
1989-01-01 17.80698900
1989-02-01 12.24482300
1989-03-01 17.56670800
1989-04-01 17.00008400
1989-05-01 21.55711300
1989-06-01 3.14578650
1989-07-01 1.06870770
1989-08-01 2.45061710
1989-09-01 3.92753680
1989-10-01 10.63552000
1989-11-01 18.17810000
1989-12-01 14.59214500
1990-01-01 16.52321200
1990-02-01 13.08884500
1990-03-01 12.53710800
1990-04-01 2.70097590
1990-05-01 -6.20260440
1990-06-01 -15.03091600
1990-07-01 -25.01234900
1990-08-01 -15.99677600
1990-09-01 -18.59370400
1990-10-01 -14.57781900
1990-11-01 -9.61461690
1990-12-01 -0.33839873
1991-01-01 0.28849601
1991-02-01 10.04414300
1991-03-01 17.98397300
1991-04-01 10.53142300
1991-05-01 14.36643100
1991-06-01 16.55026900
1991-07-01 8.07684090
1991-08-01 2.91537190
1991-09-01 6.02368710
1991-10-01 10.36585900
1991-11-01 10.96354800
1991-12-01 5.52315900
1992-01-01 2.64846600
1992-02-01 -10.70635200
1992-03-01 -18.03384000
1992-04-01 -21.84981800
1992-05-01 -14.18255600
1992-06-01 -22.18715700
1992-07-01 -31.61412800
1992-08-01 -31.56648400
1992-09-01 -32.93292400
1992-10-01 -32.33900900
1992-11-01 -19.57250500
1992-12-01 -7.76767390
1993-01-01 -12.38974000
1993-02-01 -10.22617800
1993-03-01 -2.10761370
1993-04-01 1.92382970
1993-05-01 8.00475900
1993-06-01 4.66715760
1993-07-01 -6.81584070
1993-08-01 -6.13247070
1993-09-01 -3.96344010
1993-10-01 -7.50936040
1993-11-01 -13.08811200
1993-12-01 -18.26364500
1994-01-01 -18.74740800
1994-02-01 -24.82393900
1994-03-01 -25.45034500
1994-04-01 -13.22499800
1994-05-01 -0.32388045
1994-06-01 -9.65392250
1994-07-01 -5.67366610
1994-08-01 -0.42821391
1994-09-01 3.24931420
1994-10-01 19.58841200
1994-11-01 22.43119900
1994-12-01 29.19729300
1995-01-01 30.29535600
1995-02-01 28.84944000
1995-03-01 38.66829400
1995-04-01 41.22362300
1995-05-01 40.79398600
1995-06-01 29.32981800
1995-07-01 27.55493100
1995-08-01 33.39090000
1995-09-01 29.57228000
1995-10-01 13.66465700
1995-11-01 10.02168300
1995-12-01 8.10515470
1996-01-01 3.08424000
1996-02-01 -4.52221360
1996-03-01 -8.29579920
1996-04-01 -3.51092950
1996-05-01 -6.32339150
1996-06-01 -17.00175500
1996-07-01 -29.93075500
1996-08-01 -32.79490300
1996-09-01 -38.23953100
1996-10-01 -28.94619400
1996-11-01 -4.47484510
1996-12-01 -2.03625310
1997-01-01 -3.68682510
1997-02-01 -5.36403160
1997-03-01 -2.92097090
1997-04-01 -9.20224880
1997-05-01 -16.63557100
1997-06-01 -17.12605800
1997-07-01 -11.95432000
1997-08-01 -15.52935300
1997-09-01 -15.37905400
1997-10-01 -13.33745500
1997-11-01 -20.09087900
1997-12-01 -20.14734000
1998-01-01 -26.71421800
1998-02-01 -42.55498400
1998-03-01 -35.52236900
1998-04-01 -42.44558900
1998-05-01 -42.83006300
1998-06-01 -51.73747400
1998-07-01 -58.38109500
1998-08-01 -63.34048800
1998-09-01 -54.49164600
1998-10-01 -42.48517300
1998-11-01 -45.01343200
1998-12-01 -57.21209400
1999-01-01 -62.79768200
1999-02-01 -58.60311700
1999-03-01 -43.93965200
1999-04-01 -48.98637700
1999-05-01 -34.86563100
1999-06-01 -41.91406000
1999-07-01 -43.38845300
1999-08-01 -36.63674400
1999-09-01 -27.75717900
1999-10-01 -12.20408400
1999-11-01 -12.58932700
1999-12-01 -11.98700300
2000-01-01 -10.05215000
2000-02-01 -8.70566090
2000-03-01 5.97164760
2000-04-01 9.05726470
2000-05-01 5.07177690
2000-06-01 3.84174290
2000-07-01 5.52757170
2000-08-01 6.98429490
2000-09-01 10.98928600
2000-10-01 12.26065900
2000-11-01 11.56102300
2000-12-01 4.71148590
2001-01-01 1.59873000
2001-02-01 -4.17746770
2001-03-01 -2.52395780
2001-04-01 -6.81190820
2001-05-01 -6.53015350
2001-06-01 -11.61593800
2001-07-01 -24.45672400
2001-08-01 -45.12361400
2001-09-01 -48.98701600
2001-10-01 -53.64019100
2001-11-01 -58.32355300
2001-12-01 -56.36085000
2002-01-01 -49.58603500
2002-02-01 -46.52014100
2002-03-01 -36.25379200
2002-04-01 -35.41333500
2002-05-01 -39.52886300
2002-06-01 -43.16535600
2002-07-01 -43.92665500
2002-08-01 -42.62981400
2002-09-01 -26.10771400
2002-10-01 -11.76688300
2002-11-01 -5.03693330
2002-12-01 8.16399970
2003-01-01 9.55880130
2003-02-01 7.99216290
2003-03-01 17.99303900
2003-04-01 29.48760300
2003-05-01 37.59907500
2003-06-01 33.30546000
2003-07-01 35.73342600
2003-08-01 39.66497400
2003-09-01 46.96512800
2003-10-01 99.72599600
2003-11-01 101.90740000
2003-12-01 109.91387000
2004-01-01 122.27162000
2004-02-01 126.36387000
2004-03-01 120.28552000
2004-04-01 106.92542000
2004-05-01 84.48582700
2004-06-01 62.83955200
2004-07-01 89.28036800
2004-08-01 99.24281800
2004-09-01 98.41948000
2004-10-01 107.23811000
2004-11-01 122.60437000
2004-12-01 126.65087000
2005-01-01 106.50273000
2005-02-01 106.91739000
2005-03-01 109.89214000
2005-04-01 106.57834000
2005-05-01 85.61821000
2005-06-01 56.92007700
2005-07-01 35.09664800
2005-08-01 34.06270300
2005-09-01 56.80370600
2005-10-01 68.80423600
2005-11-01 61.40737500
2005-12-01 50.10441300
2006-01-01 35.74145400
2006-02-01 43.59713200
2006-03-01 49.76304000
2006-04-01 44.13721900
2006-05-01 43.06844300
2006-06-01 53.69543400
2006-07-01 64.84352300
2006-08-01 83.53526300
2006-09-01 93.31272500
2006-10-01 93.65195900
2006-11-01 97.71269200
2006-12-01 100.76194000
2007-01-01 103.62781000
2007-02-01 101.96318000
2007-03-01 116.87072000
2007-04-01 128.35379000
2007-05-01 138.78003000
2007-06-01 128.35662000
2007-07-01 141.32585000
2007-08-01 150.51901000
2007-09-01 167.79813000
2007-10-01 187.20470000
2007-11-01 187.71459000
2007-12-01 180.83392000
2008-01-01 148.85973000
2008-02-01 144.56947000
2008-03-01 160.33343000
2008-04-01 163.00967000
2008-05-01 189.47923000
2008-06-01 182.92182000
2008-07-01 168.70722000
2008-08-01 150.20308000
2008-09-01 110.53878000
2008-10-01 10.34910900
2008-11-01 -66.88655300
2008-12-01 -75.63142100
2009-01-01 -55.99311400
2009-02-01 13.45611900
2009-03-01 21.25079700
2009-04-01 4.74646140
2009-05-01 47.36150200
2009-06-01 87.58927900
2009-07-01 74.93631300
2009-08-01 52.28367100
2009-09-01 38.97394700
2009-10-01 54.37183300
2009-11-01 90.33362700
2009-12-01 80.61791500
2010-01-01 68.71771800
2010-02-01 52.17709400
2010-03-01 70.33770500
2010-04-01 65.23267300
2010-05-01 88.66259200
2010-06-01 67.12887900
2010-07-01 19.06726400
2010-08-01 43.24948100
2010-09-01 54.41028200
2010-10-01 53.26904200
2010-11-01 38.31738400
2010-12-01 24.73672200
2011-01-01 -12.55408400
2011-02-01 -29.79031400
2011-03-01 -6.69656220
2011-04-01 -17.58585900
2011-05-01 -17.03886300
2011-06-01 -11.06670300
2011-07-01 -16.00072200
2011-08-01 -14.59131900
2011-09-01 13.64706500
2011-10-01 25.62250100
2011-11-01 13.45235100
2011-12-01 15.40459400
2012-01-01 -43.36847200
2012-02-01 -82.57138600
2012-03-01 -62.52322400
2012-04-01 -45.28621400
2012-05-01 -37.29720200
2012-06-01 -53.15628300
2012-07-01 -41.06385800
2012-08-01 -74.30389500
2012-09-01 -81.94201500
2012-10-01 -52.25213200
2012-11-01 -44.60973800
2012-12-01 -62.44923600
2013-01-01 -72.95470500
2013-02-01 -76.71310700
2013-03-01 -60.04803000
2013-04-01 -59.91182500
2013-05-01 -62.40812700
2013-06-01 -52.52351300
2013-07-01 -34.80554700
2013-08-01 -38.04593000
2013-09-01 5.55124290
2013-10-01 17.05021600
2013-11-01 -1.86745330
2013-12-01 31.48376200
2014-01-01 -7.74460100
2014-02-01 -33.28776500
2014-03-01 -6.93051480
2014-04-01 -41.99815000
2014-05-01 -47.31494600
2014-06-01 -55.67965300
2014-07-01 -69.23667600
2014-08-01 -52.67978300
2014-09-01 -34.44716000
2014-10-01 -36.21833400
2014-11-01 -16.80123400
2014-12-01 -54.47835100
2015-01-01 -76.33038800
2015-02-01 -106.01405000
2015-03-01 -99.55877500
2015-04-01 -96.85786200
2015-05-01 -96.06901400
2015-06-01 -80.39838300
2015-07-01 -47.08187600
2015-08-01 -38.06905800
2015-09-01 -55.82758300
2015-10-01 -67.15091100
2015-11-01 -97.99750300
2015-12-01 -109.18816000
2016-01-01 -138.53620000
2016-02-01 -161.24365000
2016-03-01 -139.15272000
2016-04-01 -93.32707400
2016-05-01 -91.37151000
2016-06-01 -93.44230600
2016-07-01 -78.05613900
2016-08-01 -83.07635800
2016-09-01 -62.45832100
2016-10-01 -57.72498700
2016-11-01 -36.63848300
2016-12-01 -38.82489700
2017-01-01 -53.64093700
2017-02-01 -71.40344700
2017-03-01 -30.44866600
2017-04-01 -23.59437900
2017-05-01 -46.10746100
2017-06-01 -58.33885500
2017-07-01 -53.01491600
2017-08-01 -30.10731500
2017-09-01 -12.70044900
2017-10-01 -4.12855970
2017-11-01 -6.29479930
2017-12-01 4.40101300
2018-01-01 -22.34551000
2018-02-01 -32.37675800
2018-03-01 -29.64814300
2018-04-01 -31.93125800
2018-05-01 -18.42634200
2018-06-01 -13.88725300
2018-07-01 6.12090130
2018-08-01 9.68131210
2018-09-01 -7.05762100
2018-10-01 -0.57098453
2018-11-01 -26.27250000
2018-12-01 -14.84391800
2019-01-01 -37.37883100
2019-02-01 -89.98324500
2019-03-01 -82.39738100
2019-04-01 -69.78684400
2019-05-01 -40.36001200
2019-06-01 -27.65536300
2019-07-01 18.83346100
2019-08-01 24.72600200
2019-09-01 37.64376400
2019-10-01 16.42639100
2019-11-01 -8.90511930
2019-12-01 -11.74319500
2020-01-01 -79.57352900
2020-02-01 -121.36479000
2020-03-01 -94.22405700
2020-04-01 -83.29299200
2020-05-01 -113.62791000
2020-06-01 -28.77727400
2020-07-01 6.29567100
2020-08-01 -1.34394660
2020-09-01 -8.61670280
2020-10-01 5.91616630
2020-11-01 -26.51170200
2020-12-01 -21.49646100
2021-01-01 7.15402390
2021-02-01 -3.03248830
2021-03-01 26.27591700
2021-04-01 46.23451200
2021-05-01 63.80403600
2021-06-01 62.00936700
2021-07-01 70.08702700
2021-08-01 85.40330300
2021-09-01 99.32862300
2021-10-01 110.23194000
2021-11-01 54.51384000
2021-12-01 55.84609000
2022-01-01 7.90034700
2022-02-01 11.49353700
2022-03-01 40.02540400
2022-04-01 29.45683400
2022-05-01 56.87220600
2022-06-01 34.93564300
2022-07-01 21.12270400
2022-08-01 -17.36423300
2022-09-01 -12.44507500
2022-10-01 7.04155180
2022-11-01 -26.44629700
2022-12-01 -15.09095200
2023-01-01 -62.35782900
2023-02-01 -94.84693700
2023-03-01 -18.58875300
2023-04-01 -13.91503900
2023-05-01 -18.32981200
2023-06-01 -45.28904300
2023-07-01 -49.27643800
2023-08-01 -39.53754500
2023-09-01 -20.58992800
2023-10-01 8.78152000
2023-11-01 6.80129720
2023-12-01 39.42762700
2024-01-01 -5.79506550
2024-02-01 20.62211100
2024-03-01 25.96555200
2024-04-01 0.45122491
2024-05-01 9.62180920
2024-06-01 11.24557000
2024-07-01 11.40114300
2024-08-01 -0.08177743
2024-09-01 13.42191600
2024-10-01 -3.14280630
2024-11-01 -11.18374000
2024-12-01 -45.09410000
2025-01-01 -62.05041400
2025-02-01 -66.27993700
2025-03-01 -12.05959300
2025-04-01 -23.74255000
2025-05-01 -25.22731900
2025-06-01 -2.49423430
2025-07-01 5.03765410
2025-08-01 14.34319800
2025-09-01 20.23110900
2025-10-01 14.04246400
2025-11-01 23.09919400
2025-12-01 29.82556600
2026-01-01 2.34235050
2026-02-01 16.09421200
2026-03-01 15.69350600

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