Table Data - Index of Global Real Economic Activity

Title Index of Global Real Economic Activity
Series ID IGREA
Source Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas
Release Index of Global Real Economic Activity
Seasonal Adjustment Not Seasonally Adjusted
Frequency Monthly
Units Index
Date Range 1968-01-01 to 2026-08-01
Last Updated 2026-10-14 2:04 PM CDT
Notes This series is an updated index of global real economic activity in industrial commodity markets, as proposed in Kilian (2009), with the correction discussed in Kilian (2019). This business-cycle index is expressed in percent deviations from trend. It is derived from a panel of dollar-denominated global bulk dry cargo shipping rates and may be viewed as a proxy for the volume of shipping in global industrial commodity markets. For further discussion of the advantages of this index compared with measures of global real GDP or global industrial production see Kilian and Zhou (2018).
DATE VALUE
1968-01-01 -12.05551100
1968-02-01 -8.73532700
1968-03-01 -10.57234900
1968-04-01 -10.69907800
1968-05-01 -9.96658710
1968-06-01 -7.01857000
1968-07-01 -11.64892700
1968-08-01 -15.27979000
1968-09-01 -14.51181000
1968-10-01 -19.44126000
1968-11-01 -8.19382190
1968-12-01 -15.87654400
1969-01-01 -18.23994200
1969-02-01 -17.45028700
1969-03-01 -16.33463000
1969-04-01 -22.17862400
1969-05-01 -27.07493700
1969-06-01 -18.10588500
1969-07-01 -25.89725100
1969-08-01 -21.30853100
1969-09-01 -13.75100600
1969-10-01 -5.98968560
1969-11-01 -0.29759175
1969-12-01 4.35385880
1970-01-01 25.88304100
1970-02-01 40.13037900
1970-03-01 54.21066000
1970-04-01 55.52092300
1970-05-01 57.06529300
1970-06-01 52.56291500
1970-07-01 48.14022600
1970-08-01 54.05827100
1970-09-01 59.38068800
1970-10-01 59.82049100
1970-11-01 54.67763100
1970-12-01 17.01781900
1971-01-01 8.23013280
1971-02-01 -15.72168100
1971-03-01 -17.47430700
1971-04-01 -22.73317000
1971-05-01 -29.46116300
1971-06-01 -53.05405100
1971-07-01 -59.27316300
1971-08-01 -63.22622400
1971-09-01 -49.78975300
1971-10-01 -59.51618500
1971-11-01 -43.28082900
1971-12-01 -47.75635500
1972-01-01 -59.75382800
1972-02-01 -66.61197400
1972-03-01 -69.18747900
1972-04-01 -59.98616800
1972-05-01 -63.93390100
1972-06-01 -66.67643000
1972-07-01 -56.48614300
1972-08-01 -62.85208200
1972-09-01 -8.50951050
1972-10-01 -5.61918650
1972-11-01 -4.47830760
1972-12-01 9.52050150
1973-01-01 20.99371300
1973-02-01 29.73615900
1973-03-01 38.85026700
1973-04-01 43.24848700
1973-05-01 50.52289100
1973-06-01 57.97935900
1973-07-01 59.44367700
1973-08-01 69.96092700
1973-09-01 81.38751500
1973-10-01 107.30897000
1973-11-01 104.33722000
1973-12-01 114.34107000
1974-01-01 105.87053000
1974-02-01 88.92832400
1974-03-01 98.51227700
1974-04-01 86.53552400
1974-05-01 104.29086000
1974-06-01 82.61994400
1974-07-01 62.31575100
1974-08-01 58.94862200
1974-09-01 60.69538300
1974-10-01 61.84804200
1974-11-01 59.26114400
1974-12-01 22.09628000
1975-01-01 -0.46994668
1975-02-01 -9.41930440
1975-03-01 -26.22408700
1975-04-01 -40.97946700
1975-05-01 -43.64690200
1975-06-01 -36.50381500
1975-07-01 -41.48969700
1975-08-01 -45.20412300
1975-09-01 -33.99672500
1975-10-01 -33.58976100
1975-11-01 -23.69404400
1975-12-01 -35.31847900
1976-01-01 -45.62567800
1976-02-01 -49.88707500
1976-03-01 -32.16008000
1976-04-01 -28.57360300
1976-05-01 -18.98200200
1976-06-01 -15.85599600
1976-07-01 -21.16784500
1976-08-01 -23.65427100
1976-09-01 -24.38943400
1976-10-01 -20.48083500
1976-11-01 -19.05384800
1976-12-01 -35.45815500
1977-01-01 -48.84232800
1977-02-01 -44.75561900
1977-03-01 -45.09585300
1977-04-01 -43.21929500
1977-05-01 -35.47394900
1977-06-01 -40.25183500
1977-07-01 -44.05064100
1977-08-01 -46.75952100
1977-09-01 -46.92192600
1977-10-01 -32.69497800
1977-11-01 -33.17783800
1977-12-01 -37.75211100
1978-01-01 -38.22772100
1978-02-01 -38.54065600
1978-03-01 -39.00917700
1978-04-01 -39.63033500
1978-05-01 -22.53135000
1978-06-01 -16.96980600
1978-07-01 -25.57597100
1978-08-01 -26.02040900
1978-09-01 -13.75705500
1978-10-01 -17.79695800
1978-11-01 -3.77687880
1978-12-01 -6.78174190
1979-01-01 -16.06266500
1979-02-01 -10.61368800
1979-03-01 7.28399680
1979-04-01 9.26023650
1979-05-01 29.06179300
1979-06-01 46.34412300
1979-07-01 54.36779200
1979-08-01 37.26991700
1979-09-01 43.83571000
1979-10-01 43.76045400
1979-11-01 49.26882100
1979-12-01 35.45500300
1980-01-01 34.83089600
1980-02-01 40.18419300
1980-03-01 42.15957300
1980-04-01 60.48933600
1980-05-01 63.64437200
1980-06-01 56.88218200
1980-07-01 44.76737300
1980-08-01 53.51911200
1980-09-01 54.76676100
1980-10-01 54.65009900
1980-11-01 64.47430200
1980-12-01 68.11071300
1981-01-01 63.80054200
1981-02-01 61.61003400
1981-03-01 50.08588500
1981-04-01 45.73351800
1981-05-01 35.66267000
1981-06-01 40.91635300
1981-07-01 32.56538700
1981-08-01 14.97012300
1981-09-01 12.89416500
1981-10-01 15.42529700
1981-11-01 14.45574300
1981-12-01 7.50940910
1982-01-01 2.93148570
1982-02-01 -6.41174190
1982-03-01 2.81183200
1982-04-01 10.75607800
1982-05-01 7.60727190
1982-06-01 -16.73724600
1982-07-01 -41.03848200
1982-08-01 -43.38531300
1982-09-01 -27.58265900
1982-10-01 -27.01788600
1982-11-01 -24.42591400
1982-12-01 -19.67618800
1983-01-01 -17.64830500
1983-02-01 -12.77524800
1983-03-01 -9.88749150
1983-04-01 -7.20080520
1983-05-01 -7.40870520
1983-06-01 -22.34779300
1983-07-01 -33.60491700
1983-08-01 -34.65083200
1983-09-01 -31.63560200
1983-10-01 -28.66920000
1983-11-01 -21.29410500
1983-12-01 -31.61891300
1984-01-01 -29.75528500
1984-02-01 -23.12702200
1984-03-01 -18.88070600
1984-04-01 -14.91146000
1984-05-01 -15.54852700
1984-06-01 -24.40384100
1984-07-01 -29.29530700
1984-08-01 -28.44887000
1984-09-01 -25.30748300
1984-10-01 -24.03804200
1984-11-01 -16.49513100
1984-12-01 -19.65546400
1985-01-01 -23.21317500
1985-02-01 -27.54526700
1985-03-01 -25.81754900
1985-04-01 -20.83675200
1985-05-01 -24.86158700
1985-06-01 -34.36832800
1985-07-01 -50.11535100
1985-08-01 -57.57683700
1985-09-01 -50.02932200
1985-10-01 -36.96109000
1985-11-01 -36.14287200
1985-12-01 -35.99415600
1986-01-01 -37.74998200
1986-02-01 -51.70491100
1986-03-01 -55.34919600
1986-04-01 -61.51455700
1986-05-01 -66.35338900
1986-06-01 -69.31620900
1986-07-01 -80.94375600
1986-08-01 -78.28206400
1986-09-01 -54.24415500
1986-10-01 -48.79841900
1986-11-01 -51.12019000
1986-12-01 -60.11285000
1987-01-01 -46.51846800
1987-02-01 -41.79249100
1987-03-01 -35.08595500
1987-04-01 -25.19146200
1987-05-01 -19.44553200
1987-06-01 -30.73572400
1987-07-01 -33.68209200
1987-08-01 -18.80111500
1987-09-01 -22.35087100
1987-10-01 -17.35163600
1987-11-01 -12.34192300
1987-12-01 -5.15453170
1988-01-01 2.85883950
1988-02-01 14.10502200
1988-03-01 19.19673300
1988-04-01 11.65313000
1988-05-01 5.20175120
1988-06-01 -5.11192220
1988-07-01 -11.47229700
1988-08-01 -9.40712880
1988-09-01 -4.86110240
1988-10-01 -1.95371330
1988-11-01 7.82101260
1988-12-01 11.29021900
1989-01-01 17.75514700
1989-02-01 12.19019900
1989-03-01 17.50930000
1989-04-01 16.93989400
1989-05-01 21.49414000
1989-06-01 3.08003110
1989-07-01 1.00016950
1989-08-01 2.37929630
1989-09-01 3.85343320
1989-10-01 10.55863400
1989-11-01 18.09843100
1989-12-01 14.50969300
1990-01-01 16.43797700
1990-02-01 13.00082700
1990-03-01 12.44630900
1990-04-01 2.60739330
1990-05-01 -6.29896970
1990-06-01 -15.13006400
1990-07-01 -25.11428000
1990-08-01 -16.10148900
1990-09-01 -18.70120100
1990-10-01 -14.68809800
1990-11-01 -9.72767850
1990-12-01 -0.45424305
1991-01-01 0.16986897
1991-02-01 9.92273330
1991-03-01 17.85978100
1991-04-01 10.40444800
1991-05-01 14.23667300
1991-06-01 16.41772800
1991-07-01 7.94151750
1991-08-01 2.77726590
1991-09-01 5.88279830
1991-10-01 10.22218700
1991-11-01 10.81709400
1991-12-01 5.37392210
1992-01-01 2.49644640
1992-02-01 -10.86115400
1992-03-01 -18.19142500
1992-04-01 -22.01018500
1992-05-01 -14.34570700
1992-06-01 -22.35309100
1992-07-01 -31.78284400
1992-08-01 -31.73798300
1992-09-01 -33.10720600
1992-10-01 -32.51607300
1992-11-01 -19.75235200
1992-12-01 -7.95030340
1993-01-01 -12.57515300
1993-02-01 -10.41437300
1993-03-01 -2.29859130
1993-04-01 1.73006930
1993-05-01 7.80821590
1993-06-01 4.46783180
1993-07-01 -7.01794920
1993-08-01 -6.33736200
1993-09-01 -4.17111400
1993-10-01 -7.71981710
1993-11-01 -13.30135200
1993-12-01 -18.47966700
1994-01-01 -18.96621300
1994-02-01 -25.04552600
1994-03-01 -25.67471500
1994-04-01 -13.45215100
1994-05-01 -0.55381613
1994-06-01 -9.88664090
1994-07-01 -5.90916720
1994-08-01 -0.66649773
1994-09-01 3.00824760
1994-10-01 19.34456300
1994-11-01 22.18456700
1994-12-01 28.94787900
1995-01-01 30.04315800
1995-02-01 28.59446000
1995-03-01 38.41053100
1995-04-01 40.96307800
1995-05-01 40.53065700
1995-06-01 29.06370700
1995-07-01 27.28603700
1995-08-01 33.11922400
1995-09-01 29.29782100
1995-10-01 13.38741500
1995-11-01 9.74165820
1995-12-01 7.82234740
1996-01-01 2.79865000
1996-02-01 -4.81058630
1996-03-01 -8.58695470
1996-04-01 -3.80486760
1996-05-01 -6.62011230
1996-06-01 -17.30125900
1996-07-01 -30.23304100
1996-08-01 -33.09997200
1996-09-01 -38.54738300
1996-10-01 -29.25682900
1996-11-01 -4.78826230
1996-12-01 -2.35245290
1997-01-01 -4.00580770
1997-02-01 -5.68579690
1997-03-01 -3.24551890
1997-04-01 -9.52957950
1997-05-01 -16.96568500
1997-06-01 -17.45895400
1997-07-01 -12.28999900
1997-08-01 -15.86781400
1997-09-01 -15.72029900
1997-10-01 -13.68148200
1997-11-01 -20.43768900
1997-12-01 -20.49693300
1998-01-01 -27.06659300
1998-02-01 -42.91014200
1998-03-01 -35.88030900
1998-04-01 -42.80631200
1998-05-01 -43.19356900
1998-06-01 -52.10376300
1998-07-01 -58.75016600
1998-08-01 -63.71234200
1998-09-01 -54.86628300
1998-10-01 -42.86259300
1998-11-01 -45.39363400
1998-12-01 -57.59507900
1999-01-01 -63.18345000
1999-02-01 -58.99166700
1999-03-01 -44.33098500
1999-04-01 -49.38049300
1999-05-01 -35.26252900
1999-06-01 -42.31374200
1999-07-01 -43.79091700
1999-08-01 -37.04199000
1999-09-01 -28.16520900
1999-10-01 -12.61489600
1999-11-01 -13.00292200
1999-12-01 -12.40338100
2000-01-01 -10.47131100
2000-02-01 -9.12760390
2000-03-01 5.54692190
2000-04-01 8.62975620
2000-05-01 4.64148560
2000-06-01 3.40866900
2000-07-01 5.09171510
2000-08-01 6.54565550
2000-09-01 10.54786400
2000-10-01 11.81645400
2000-11-01 11.11403500
2000-12-01 4.26171560
2001-01-01 1.14617710
2001-02-01 -4.63280340
2001-03-01 -2.98207620
2001-04-01 -7.27280930
2001-05-01 -6.99383730
2001-06-01 -12.08240500
2001-07-01 -24.92597400
2001-08-01 -45.59564600
2001-09-01 -49.46183000
2001-10-01 -54.11778800
2001-11-01 -58.80393400
2001-12-01 -56.84401300
2002-01-01 -50.07198100
2002-02-01 -47.00886900
2002-03-01 -36.74530300
2002-04-01 -35.90762800
2002-05-01 -40.02594000
2002-06-01 -43.66521500
2002-07-01 -44.42929700
2002-08-01 -43.13523900
2002-09-01 -26.61592200
2002-10-01 -12.27787300
2002-11-01 -5.55070600
2002-12-01 7.64744430
2003-01-01 9.03946320
2003-02-01 7.47004200
2003-03-01 17.46813600
2003-04-01 28.95991700
2003-05-01 37.06860500
2003-06-01 32.77220900
2003-07-01 35.19739200
2003-08-01 39.12615700
2003-09-01 46.42352900
2003-10-01 99.18161400
2003-11-01 101.36024000
2003-12-01 109.36392000
2004-01-01 121.71889000
2004-02-01 125.80836000
2004-03-01 119.72723000
2004-04-01 106.36434000
2004-05-01 83.92196600
2004-06-01 62.27290700
2004-07-01 88.71094100
2004-08-01 98.67060800
2004-09-01 97.84448800
2004-10-01 106.66033000
2004-11-01 122.02382000
2004-12-01 126.06753000
2005-01-01 105.91660000
2005-02-01 106.32849000
2005-03-01 109.30045000
2005-04-01 105.98387000
2005-05-01 85.02095600
2005-06-01 56.32004100
2005-07-01 34.49382800
2005-08-01 33.45710100
2005-09-01 56.19532100
2005-10-01 68.19306800
2005-11-01 60.79342400
2005-12-01 49.48768000
2006-01-01 35.12193800
2006-02-01 42.97483300
2006-03-01 49.13795900
2006-04-01 43.50935500
2006-05-01 42.43779600
2006-06-01 53.06200500
2006-07-01 64.20731100
2006-08-01 82.89626900
2006-09-01 92.67094700
2006-10-01 93.00739800
2006-11-01 97.06534900
2006-12-01 100.11182000
2007-01-01 102.97490000
2007-02-01 101.30749000
2007-03-01 116.21225000
2007-04-01 127.69253000
2007-05-01 138.11599000
2007-06-01 127.68980000
2007-07-01 140.65624000
2007-08-01 149.84663000
2007-09-01 167.12296000
2007-10-01 186.52674000
2007-11-01 187.03386000
2007-12-01 180.15040000
2008-01-01 148.17343000
2008-02-01 143.88039000
2008-03-01 159.64157000
2008-04-01 162.31502000
2008-05-01 188.78180000
2008-06-01 182.22161000
2008-07-01 168.00422000
2008-08-01 149.49730000
2008-09-01 109.83022000
2008-10-01 9.63776320
2008-11-01 -67.60068100
2008-12-01 -76.34833200
2009-01-01 -56.71280700
2009-02-01 12.73364200
2009-03-01 20.52553800
2009-04-01 4.01841960
2009-05-01 46.63067800
2009-06-01 86.85567100
2009-07-01 74.19992300
2009-08-01 51.54449800
2009-09-01 38.23199200
2009-10-01 53.62709500
2009-11-01 89.58610600
2009-12-01 79.86761100
2010-01-01 67.96463200
2010-02-01 51.42122500
2010-03-01 69.57905300
2010-04-01 64.47123900
2010-05-01 87.89837500
2010-06-01 66.36187900
2010-07-01 18.29748100
2010-08-01 42.47691600
2010-09-01 53.63493400
2010-10-01 52.49091100
2010-11-01 37.53647100
2010-12-01 23.95302600
2011-01-01 -13.34056300
2011-02-01 -30.57957600
2011-03-01 -7.48860650
2011-04-01 -18.38068600
2011-05-01 -17.83647300
2011-06-01 -11.86709600
2011-07-01 -16.80389700
2011-08-01 -15.39727600
2011-09-01 12.83832500
2011-10-01 24.81097700
2011-11-01 12.63804500
2011-12-01 14.58750500
2012-01-01 -44.18834300
2012-02-01 -83.39404000
2012-03-01 -63.34866100
2012-04-01 -46.11443300
2012-05-01 -38.12820400
2012-06-01 -53.99006800
2012-07-01 -41.90042600
2012-08-01 -75.14324600
2012-09-01 -82.78414800
2012-10-01 -53.09704800
2012-11-01 -45.45743700
2012-12-01 -63.29971800
2013-01-01 -73.80796900
2013-02-01 -77.56915400
2013-03-01 -60.90686000
2013-04-01 -60.77343800
2013-05-01 -63.27252200
2013-06-01 -53.39069100
2013-07-01 -35.67550700
2013-08-01 -38.91867300
2013-09-01 4.67571710
2013-10-01 16.17190700
2013-11-01 -2.74854460
2013-12-01 30.59988800
2014-01-01 -8.63125760
2014-02-01 -34.17720500
2014-03-01 -7.82273690
2014-04-01 -42.89315400
2014-05-01 -48.21273400
2014-06-01 -56.58022400
2014-07-01 -70.14002900
2014-08-01 -53.58591800
2014-09-01 -35.35607800
2014-10-01 -37.13003500
2014-11-01 -17.71571800
2014-12-01 -55.39561800
2015-01-01 -77.25043700
2015-02-01 -106.93688000
2015-03-01 -100.48439000
2015-04-01 -97.78626000
2015-05-01 -97.00019400
2015-06-01 -81.33234600
2015-07-01 -48.01862100
2015-08-01 -39.00858600
2015-09-01 -56.76989400
2015-10-01 -68.09600500
2015-11-01 -98.94537900
2015-12-01 -110.13882000
2016-01-01 -139.48965000
2016-02-01 -162.19988000
2016-03-01 -140.11173000
2016-04-01 -94.28886400
2016-05-01 -92.33608300
2016-06-01 -94.40966100
2016-07-01 -79.02627700
2016-08-01 -84.04927900
2016-09-01 -63.43402500
2016-10-01 -58.70347400
2016-11-01 -37.61975200
2016-12-01 -39.80894900
2017-01-01 -54.62777100
2017-02-01 -72.39306400
2017-03-01 -31.44106600
2017-04-01 -24.58956200
2017-05-01 -47.10542700
2017-06-01 -59.33960300
2017-07-01 -54.01844600
2017-08-01 -31.11362900
2017-09-01 -13.70954500
2017-10-01 -5.14043850
2017-11-01 -7.30946090
2017-12-01 3.38356870
2018-01-01 -23.36573700
2018-02-01 -33.39976800
2018-03-01 -30.67393500
2018-04-01 -32.95983300
2018-05-01 -19.45770000
2018-06-01 -14.92139400
2018-07-01 5.08397800
2018-08-01 8.64160600
2018-09-01 -8.10010980
2018-10-01 -1.61625600
2018-11-01 -27.32055400
2018-12-01 -15.89475500
2019-01-01 -38.43245100
2019-02-01 -91.03964700
2019-03-01 -83.45656600
2019-04-01 -70.84881200
2019-05-01 -41.42476300
2019-06-01 -28.72289600
2019-07-01 17.76314600
2019-08-01 23.65290300
2019-09-01 36.56788300
2019-10-01 15.34772700
2019-11-01 -9.98656610
2019-12-01 -12.82742500
2020-01-01 -80.66054100
2020-02-01 -122.45459000
2020-03-01 -95.31663400
2020-04-01 -84.38835300
2020-05-01 -114.72605000
2020-06-01 -29.87819900
2020-07-01 5.19196240
2020-08-01 -2.45043790
2020-09-01 -9.72597670
2020-10-01 4.80410970
2020-11-01 -27.62654200
2020-12-01 -22.61408300
2021-01-01 6.03361910
2021-02-01 -4.15567580
2021-03-01 25.14994700
2021-04-01 45.10575900
2021-05-01 62.67250000
2021-06-01 60.87504900
2021-07-01 68.94992600
2021-08-01 84.26342000
2021-09-01 98.18595700
2021-10-01 109.08649000
2021-11-01 53.36560800
2021-12-01 54.69507600
2022-01-01 6.74654960
2022-02-01 10.33695700
2022-03-01 38.86604200
2022-04-01 28.29468800
2022-05-01 55.70727800
2022-06-01 33.76793200
2022-07-01 19.95221000
2022-08-01 -18.53751000
2022-09-01 -13.62113500
2022-10-01 5.86271000
2022-11-01 -27.62792100
2022-12-01 -16.27535900
2023-01-01 -63.54501900
2023-02-01 -96.03691000
2023-03-01 -19.78150800
2023-04-01 -15.11057700
2023-05-01 -19.52813300
2023-06-01 -46.49014700
2023-07-01 -50.48032400
2023-08-01 -40.74421400
2023-09-01 -21.79938000
2023-10-01 7.56928560
2023-11-01 5.58628000
2023-12-01 38.20982800
2024-01-01 -7.01564810
2024-02-01 19.39874600
2024-03-01 24.73940400
2024-04-01 -0.77770582
2024-05-01 8.39009580
2024-06-01 10.01107400
2024-07-01 10.16386400
2024-08-01 -1.32183900
2024-09-01 12.17907100
2024-10-01 -4.38843330
2024-11-01 -12.43214900
2024-12-01 -46.34529300
2025-01-01 -63.30438900
2025-02-01 -67.53669500
2025-03-01 -13.31913400
2025-04-01 -25.00487400
2025-05-01 -26.49242500
2025-06-01 -3.76212300
2025-07-01 3.76698260
2025-08-01 13.06974400
2025-09-01 18.95487300
2025-10-01 12.77761300
2025-11-01 21.81739200
2025-12-01 28.54098100
2026-01-01 1.05498280
2026-02-01 14.80406100
2026-03-01 14.40057300
2026-04-01 31.61211600
2026-05-01 53.46339600
2026-06-01 44.63487300
2026-07-01 44.54528000
2026-08-01 50.64411400

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