Table Data - Index of Global Real Economic Activity

Title Index of Global Real Economic Activity
Series ID IGREA
Source Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas
Release Index of Global Real Economic Activity
Seasonal Adjustment Not Seasonally Adjusted
Frequency Monthly
Units Index
Date Range 1968-01-01 to 2026-04-01
Last Updated 2026-06-10 2:34 PM CDT
Notes This series is an updated index of global real economic activity in industrial commodity markets, as proposed in Kilian (2009), with the correction discussed in Kilian (2019). This business-cycle index is expressed in percent deviations from trend. It is derived from a panel of dollar-denominated global bulk dry cargo shipping rates and may be viewed as a proxy for the volume of shipping in global industrial commodity markets. For further discussion of the advantages of this index compared with measures of global real GDP or global industrial production see Kilian and Zhou (2018).
DATE VALUE
1968-01-01 -12.61129400
1968-02-01 -9.28872930
1968-03-01 -11.12337100
1968-04-01 -11.24771900
1968-05-01 -10.51284800
1968-06-01 -7.56245100
1968-07-01 -12.19042800
1968-08-01 -15.81891100
1968-09-01 -15.04855000
1968-10-01 -19.97562000
1968-11-01 -8.72580110
1968-12-01 -16.40614300
1969-01-01 -18.76716100
1969-02-01 -17.97512500
1969-03-01 -16.85708800
1969-04-01 -22.69870100
1969-05-01 -27.59263400
1969-06-01 -18.62120200
1969-07-01 -26.41018700
1969-08-01 -21.81908700
1969-09-01 -14.25918200
1969-10-01 -6.49548110
1969-11-01 -0.80100691
1969-12-01 3.85282400
1970-01-01 25.38438700
1970-02-01 39.63410400
1970-03-01 53.71676600
1970-04-01 55.02940900
1970-05-01 56.57616000
1970-06-01 52.07616200
1970-07-01 47.65585400
1970-08-01 53.57627900
1970-09-01 58.90107600
1970-10-01 59.34326000
1970-11-01 54.20278000
1970-12-01 16.54534900
1971-01-01 7.76004240
1971-02-01 -16.18939100
1971-03-01 -17.93963600
1971-04-01 -23.19611900
1971-05-01 -29.92173200
1971-06-01 -53.51224000
1971-07-01 -59.72897100
1971-08-01 -63.67965200
1971-09-01 -50.24080100
1971-10-01 -59.96485300
1971-11-01 -43.72711700
1971-12-01 -48.20026200
1972-01-01 -60.19535400
1972-02-01 -67.05112000
1972-03-01 -69.62424500
1972-04-01 -60.42055400
1972-05-01 -64.36590600
1972-06-01 -67.10605400
1972-07-01 -56.91338700
1972-08-01 -63.27694600
1972-09-01 -8.93199420
1972-10-01 -6.03928980
1972-11-01 -4.89603060
1972-12-01 9.10515890
1973-01-01 20.58075100
1973-02-01 29.32557700
1973-03-01 38.44206500
1973-04-01 42.84266600
1973-05-01 50.11945000
1973-06-01 57.57829800
1973-07-01 59.04499600
1973-08-01 69.56462700
1973-09-01 80.99359600
1973-10-01 106.91743000
1973-11-01 103.94806000
1973-12-01 113.95429000
1974-01-01 105.48613000
1974-02-01 88.54630600
1974-03-01 98.13263900
1974-04-01 86.15826700
1974-05-01 103.91599000
1974-06-01 82.24744800
1974-07-01 61.94563400
1974-08-01 58.58088600
1974-09-01 60.33002700
1974-10-01 61.48506600
1974-11-01 58.90054900
1974-12-01 21.73806500
1975-01-01 -0.82578089
1975-02-01 -9.77275830
1975-03-01 -26.57516000
1975-04-01 -41.32816000
1975-05-01 -43.99321500
1975-06-01 -36.84774700
1975-07-01 -41.83124900
1975-08-01 -45.54329500
1975-09-01 -34.33351600
1975-10-01 -33.92417200
1975-11-01 -24.02607500
1975-12-01 -35.64813000
1976-01-01 -45.95294800
1976-02-01 -50.21196500
1976-03-01 -32.48258900
1976-04-01 -28.89373200
1976-05-01 -19.29975100
1976-06-01 -16.17136400
1976-07-01 -21.48083300
1976-08-01 -23.96487900
1976-09-01 -24.69766100
1976-10-01 -20.78668200
1976-11-01 -19.35731500
1976-12-01 -35.75924200
1977-01-01 -49.14103500
1977-02-01 -45.05194400
1977-03-01 -45.38979900
1977-04-01 -43.51086000
1977-05-01 -35.76313400
1977-06-01 -40.53863900
1977-07-01 -44.33506500
1977-08-01 -47.04156500
1977-09-01 -47.20159000
1977-10-01 -32.97226100
1977-11-01 -33.45274000
1977-12-01 -38.02463300
1978-01-01 -38.49786300
1978-02-01 -38.80841800
1978-03-01 -39.27455900
1978-04-01 -39.89333600
1978-05-01 -22.79197100
1978-06-01 -17.22804600
1978-07-01 -25.83183100
1978-08-01 -26.27388900
1978-09-01 -14.00815400
1978-10-01 -18.04567700
1978-11-01 -4.02321750
1978-12-01 -7.02570020
1979-01-01 -16.30424300
1979-02-01 -10.85288500
1979-03-01 7.04717950
1979-04-01 9.02579950
1979-05-01 28.82973600
1979-06-01 46.11444700
1979-07-01 54.14049600
1979-08-01 37.04500100
1979-09-01 43.61317500
1979-10-01 43.54029900
1979-11-01 49.05104700
1979-12-01 35.23960900
1980-01-01 34.61788200
1980-02-01 39.97355900
1980-03-01 41.95132000
1980-04-01 60.28346300
1980-05-01 63.44087900
1980-06-01 56.68107000
1980-07-01 44.56864100
1980-08-01 53.32276100
1980-09-01 54.57278900
1980-10-01 54.45850800
1980-11-01 64.28509100
1980-12-01 67.92388300
1981-01-01 63.61609200
1981-02-01 61.42796400
1981-03-01 49.90619500
1981-04-01 45.55620900
1981-05-01 35.48774100
1981-06-01 40.74380500
1981-07-01 32.39522000
1981-08-01 14.80233600
1981-09-01 12.72875800
1981-10-01 15.26227000
1981-11-01 14.29509600
1981-12-01 7.35114290
1982-01-01 2.77559980
1982-02-01 -6.56524740
1982-03-01 2.66070680
1982-04-01 10.60733300
1982-05-01 7.46090750
1982-06-01 -16.88123000
1982-07-01 -41.18008600
1982-08-01 -43.52453600
1982-09-01 -27.71950200
1982-10-01 -27.15234900
1982-11-01 -24.55799600
1982-12-01 -19.80589000
1983-01-01 -17.77562700
1983-02-01 -12.90019000
1983-03-01 -10.01005300
1983-04-01 -7.32098590
1983-05-01 -7.52650560
1983-06-01 -22.46321400
1983-07-01 -33.71795700
1983-08-01 -34.76149200
1983-09-01 -31.74388100
1983-10-01 -28.77509900
1983-11-01 -21.39762400
1983-12-01 -31.72005100
1984-01-01 -29.85404200
1984-02-01 -23.22339900
1984-03-01 -18.97470300
1984-04-01 -15.00307700
1984-05-01 -15.63776300
1984-06-01 -24.49069700
1984-07-01 -29.37978300
1984-08-01 -28.53096500
1984-09-01 -25.38719800
1984-10-01 -24.11537700
1984-11-01 -16.57008500
1984-12-01 -19.72803800
1985-01-01 -23.28336900
1985-02-01 -27.61308100
1985-03-01 -25.88298200
1985-04-01 -20.89980400
1985-05-01 -24.92226000
1985-06-01 -34.42662000
1985-07-01 -50.17126300
1985-08-01 -57.63036900
1985-09-01 -50.08047300
1985-10-01 -37.00986100
1985-11-01 -36.18926200
1985-12-01 -36.03816600
1986-01-01 -37.79161200
1986-02-01 -51.74416100
1986-03-01 -55.38606500
1986-04-01 -61.54904500
1986-05-01 -66.38549800
1986-06-01 -69.34593700
1986-07-01 -80.97110400
1986-08-01 -78.30703100
1986-09-01 -54.26674200
1986-10-01 -48.81862500
1986-11-01 -51.13801600
1986-12-01 -60.12829600
1987-01-01 -46.53153400
1987-02-01 -41.80317600
1987-03-01 -35.09426000
1987-04-01 -25.19738600
1987-05-01 -19.44907600
1987-06-01 -30.73688800
1987-07-01 -33.68087600
1987-08-01 -18.79751800
1987-09-01 -22.34489400
1987-10-01 -17.34327800
1987-11-01 -12.33118500
1987-12-01 -5.14141350
1988-01-01 2.87433800
1988-02-01 14.12290100
1988-03-01 19.21699200
1988-04-01 11.67576900
1988-05-01 5.22677100
1988-06-01 -5.08452210
1988-07-01 -11.44251600
1988-08-01 -9.37496790
1988-09-01 -4.82656120
1988-10-01 -1.91679180
1988-11-01 7.86031440
1988-12-01 11.33190100
1989-01-01 17.79920900
1989-02-01 12.23664100
1989-03-01 17.55812300
1989-04-01 16.99109700
1989-05-01 21.54772400
1989-06-01 3.13599530
1989-07-01 1.05851410
1989-08-01 2.44002120
1989-09-01 3.91653850
1989-10-01 10.62412000
1989-11-01 18.16629600
1989-12-01 14.57993900
1990-01-01 16.51060400
1990-02-01 13.07583400
1990-03-01 12.52369600
1990-04-01 2.68716090
1990-05-01 -6.21682180
1990-06-01 -15.04553600
1990-07-01 -25.02737100
1990-08-01 -16.01220000
1990-09-01 -18.60953100
1990-10-01 -14.59404800
1990-11-01 -9.63124860
1990-12-01 -0.35543274
1991-01-01 0.27105962
1991-02-01 10.02630400
1991-03-01 17.96573200
1991-04-01 10.51278000
1991-05-01 14.34738500
1991-06-01 16.53082100
1991-07-01 8.05699020
1991-08-01 2.89511890
1991-09-01 6.00303170
1991-10-01 10.34480100
1991-11-01 10.94208800
1991-12-01 5.50129650
1992-01-01 2.62620110
1992-02-01 -10.72901900
1992-03-01 -18.05691000
1992-04-01 -21.87329000
1992-05-01 -14.20643100
1992-06-01 -22.21143400
1992-07-01 -31.63880700
1992-08-01 -31.59156600
1992-09-01 -32.95840800
1992-10-01 -32.36489600
1992-11-01 -19.59879400
1992-12-01 -7.79436500
1993-01-01 -12.41683400
1993-02-01 -10.25367300
1993-03-01 -2.13551190
1993-04-01 1.89552910
1993-05-01 7.97605600
1993-06-01 4.63805220
1993-07-01 -6.84534840
1993-08-01 -6.16238090
1993-09-01 -3.99375250
1993-10-01 -7.54007530
1993-11-01 -13.11922900
1993-12-01 -18.29516500
1994-01-01 -18.77933000
1994-02-01 -24.85626300
1994-03-01 -25.48307200
1994-04-01 -13.25812700
1994-05-01 -0.35741197
1994-06-01 -9.68785640
1994-07-01 -5.70800230
1994-08-01 -0.46295256
1994-09-01 3.21417310
1994-10-01 19.55286900
1994-11-01 22.39525300
1994-12-01 29.16094500
1995-01-01 30.25860500
1995-02-01 28.81228800
1995-03-01 38.63073900
1995-04-01 41.18566600
1995-05-01 40.75562500
1995-06-01 29.29105500
1995-07-01 27.51576600
1995-08-01 33.35133300
1995-09-01 29.53231100
1995-10-01 13.62428500
1995-11-01 9.98090850
1995-12-01 8.06397800
1996-01-01 3.04266090
1996-02-01 -4.56419500
1996-03-01 -8.33818310
1996-04-01 -3.55371570
1996-05-01 -6.36658010
1996-06-01 -17.04534600
1996-07-01 -29.97474800
1996-08-01 -32.83929800
1996-09-01 -38.28432900
1996-10-01 -28.99139500
1996-11-01 -4.52044800
1996-12-01 -2.08225830
1997-01-01 -3.73323270
1997-02-01 -5.41084160
1997-03-01 -2.96818330
1997-04-01 -9.24986360
1997-05-01 -16.68358900
1997-06-01 -17.17447800
1997-07-01 -12.00314200
1997-08-01 -15.57857700
1997-09-01 -15.42868100
1997-10-01 -13.38748400
1997-11-01 -20.14131000
1997-12-01 -20.19817400
1998-01-01 -26.76545400
1998-02-01 -42.60662300
1998-03-01 -35.57440900
1998-04-01 -42.49803200
1998-05-01 -42.88290900
1998-06-01 -51.79072200
1998-07-01 -58.43474500
1998-08-01 -63.39454100
1998-09-01 -54.54610100
1998-10-01 -42.54003100
1998-11-01 -45.06869200
1998-12-01 -57.26775700
1999-01-01 -62.85374700
1999-02-01 -58.65958400
1999-03-01 -43.99652100
1999-04-01 -49.04364900
1999-05-01 -34.92330500
1999-06-01 -41.97213700
1999-07-01 -43.44693200
1999-08-01 -36.69562500
1999-09-01 -27.81646300
1999-10-01 -12.26377000
1999-11-01 -12.64941600
1999-12-01 -12.04749400
2000-01-01 -10.11304400
2000-02-01 -8.76695650
2000-03-01 5.90994970
2000-04-01 8.99516440
2000-05-01 5.00927410
2000-06-01 3.77883780
2000-07-01 5.46426420
2000-08-01 6.92058500
2000-09-01 10.92517400
2000-10-01 12.19614400
2000-11-01 11.49610600
2000-12-01 4.64616650
2001-01-01 1.53300830
2001-02-01 -4.24359190
2001-03-01 -2.59048430
2001-04-01 -6.87883710
2001-05-01 -6.59748480
2001-06-01 -11.68367200
2001-07-01 -24.52486000
2001-08-01 -45.19215300
2001-09-01 -49.05595700
2001-10-01 -53.70953400
2001-11-01 -58.39329900
2001-12-01 -56.43099800
2002-01-01 -49.65658600
2002-02-01 -46.59109400
2002-03-01 -36.32514700
2002-04-01 -35.48509200
2002-05-01 -39.60102300
2002-06-01 -43.23791900
2002-07-01 -43.99961900
2002-08-01 -42.70318100
2002-09-01 -26.18148400
2002-10-01 -11.84105500
2002-11-01 -5.11150740
2002-12-01 8.08902320
2003-01-01 9.48342240
2003-02-01 7.91638160
2003-03-01 17.91685600
2003-04-01 29.41101700
2003-05-01 37.52208600
2003-06-01 33.22807000
2003-07-01 35.65563300
2003-08-01 39.58677800
2003-09-01 46.88653100
2003-10-01 99.64699600
2003-11-01 101.82800000
2003-12-01 109.83406000
2004-01-01 122.19141000
2004-02-01 126.28326000
2004-03-01 120.20451000
2004-04-01 106.84401000
2004-05-01 84.40401100
2004-06-01 62.75733200
2004-07-01 89.19774600
2004-08-01 99.15979400
2004-09-01 98.33605400
2004-10-01 107.15428000
2004-11-01 122.52014000
2004-12-01 126.56623000
2005-01-01 106.41769000
2005-02-01 106.83196000
2005-03-01 109.80630000
2005-04-01 106.49210000
2005-05-01 85.53156500
2005-06-01 56.83303000
2005-07-01 35.00919700
2005-08-01 33.97485000
2005-09-01 56.71545100
2005-10-01 68.71557800
2005-11-01 61.31831500
2005-12-01 50.01495100
2006-01-01 35.65158900
2006-02-01 43.50686500
2006-03-01 49.67237100
2006-04-01 44.04614700
2006-05-01 42.97696900
2006-06-01 53.60355800
2006-07-01 64.75124400
2006-08-01 83.44258200
2006-09-01 93.21964200
2006-10-01 93.55847300
2006-11-01 97.61880400
2006-12-01 100.66765000
2007-01-01 103.53312000
2007-02-01 101.86809000
2007-03-01 116.77522000
2007-04-01 128.25789000
2007-05-01 138.68373000
2007-06-01 128.25991000
2007-07-01 141.22874000
2007-08-01 150.42150000
2007-09-01 167.70022000
2007-10-01 187.10638000
2007-11-01 187.61588000
2007-12-01 180.73480000
2008-01-01 148.76021000
2008-02-01 144.46955000
2008-03-01 160.23311000
2008-04-01 162.90894000
2008-05-01 189.37810000
2008-06-01 182.82029000
2008-07-01 168.60528000
2008-08-01 150.10074000
2008-09-01 110.43604000
2008-10-01 10.24596600
2008-11-01 -66.99009800
2008-12-01 -75.73536900
2009-01-01 -56.09746400
2009-02-01 13.35136600
2009-03-01 21.14564200
2009-04-01 4.64090420
2009-05-01 47.25554300
2009-06-01 87.48291700
2009-07-01 74.82954800
2009-08-01 52.17650400
2009-09-01 38.86637800
2009-10-01 54.26386100
2009-11-01 90.22525300
2009-12-01 80.50913800
2010-01-01 68.60854000
2010-02-01 52.06751300
2010-03-01 70.22772100
2010-04-01 65.12228800
2010-05-01 88.55180400
2010-06-01 67.01768800
2010-07-01 18.95567100
2010-08-01 43.13748600
2010-09-01 54.29788400
2010-10-01 53.15624200
2010-11-01 38.20418200
2010-12-01 24.62311700
2011-01-01 -12.66809100
2011-02-01 -29.90472400
2011-03-01 -6.81137410
2011-04-01 -17.70107300
2011-05-01 -17.15447900
2011-06-01 -11.18272200
2011-07-01 -16.11714400
2011-08-01 -14.70814200
2011-09-01 13.52983900
2011-10-01 25.50487200
2011-11-01 13.33432000
2011-12-01 15.28616100
2012-01-01 -43.48730800
2012-02-01 -82.69062400
2012-03-01 -62.64286400
2012-04-01 -45.40625600
2012-05-01 -37.41764700
2012-06-01 -53.27713100
2012-07-01 -41.18510800
2012-08-01 -74.42554800
2012-09-01 -82.06407000
2012-10-01 -52.37458900
2012-11-01 -44.73259800
2012-12-01 -62.57249800
2013-01-01 -73.07836900
2013-02-01 -76.83717400
2013-03-01 -60.17249900
2013-04-01 -60.03669700
2013-05-01 -62.53340000
2013-06-01 -52.64918900
2013-07-01 -34.93162600
2013-08-01 -38.17241100
2013-09-01 5.42435960
2013-10-01 16.92293000
2013-11-01 -1.99514140
2013-12-01 31.35567100
2014-01-01 -7.87309380
2014-02-01 -33.41666100
2014-03-01 -7.05981230
2014-04-01 -42.12784900
2014-05-01 -47.44504800
2014-06-01 -55.81015800
2014-07-01 -69.36758400
2014-08-01 -52.81109200
2014-09-01 -34.57887200
2014-10-01 -36.35044800
2014-11-01 -16.93375100
2014-12-01 -54.61127000
2015-01-01 -76.46370900
2015-02-01 -106.14777000
2015-03-01 -99.69290100
2015-04-01 -96.99239100
2015-05-01 -96.20394400
2015-06-01 -80.53371600
2015-07-01 -47.21761100
2015-08-01 -38.20519600
2015-09-01 -55.96412300
2015-10-01 -67.28785400
2015-11-01 -98.13484800
2015-12-01 -109.32591000
2016-01-01 -138.67435000
2016-02-01 -161.38220000
2016-03-01 -139.29168000
2016-04-01 -93.46643100
2016-05-01 -91.51126900
2016-06-01 -93.58246800
2016-07-01 -78.19670300
2016-08-01 -83.21732500
2016-09-01 -62.59969000
2016-10-01 -57.86675900
2016-11-01 -36.78065600
2016-12-01 -38.96747300
2017-01-01 -53.78391500
2017-02-01 -71.54682700
2017-03-01 -30.59244900
2017-04-01 -23.73856500
2017-05-01 -46.25204900
2017-06-01 -58.48384500
2017-07-01 -53.16030800
2017-08-01 -30.25311000
2017-09-01 -12.84664700
2017-10-01 -4.27515950
2017-11-01 -6.44180150
2017-12-01 4.25360840
2018-01-01 -22.49331700
2018-02-01 -32.52496800
2018-03-01 -29.79675400
2018-04-01 -32.08027200
2018-05-01 -18.57575800
2018-06-01 -14.03707200
2018-07-01 5.97068010
2018-08-01 9.53068850
2018-09-01 -7.20864700
2018-10-01 -0.72241286
2018-11-01 -26.42433000
2018-12-01 -14.99615100
2019-01-01 -37.53146700
2019-02-01 -90.13628200
2019-03-01 -82.55082200
2019-04-01 -69.94068700
2019-05-01 -40.51425700
2019-06-01 -27.81001000
2019-07-01 18.67841200
2019-08-01 24.57055000
2019-09-01 37.48791000
2019-10-01 16.27013400
2019-11-01 -9.06177860
2019-12-01 -11.90025700
2020-01-01 -79.73099300
2020-02-01 -121.52266000
2020-03-01 -94.38232600
2020-04-01 -83.45166400
2020-05-01 -113.78698000
2020-06-01 -28.93674900
2020-07-01 6.13579270
2020-08-01 -1.50422730
2020-09-01 -8.77738580
2020-10-01 5.75508090
2020-11-01 -26.67319000
2020-12-01 -21.65835100
2021-01-01 6.99173140
2021-02-01 -3.19518330
2021-03-01 26.11282000
2021-04-01 46.07101200
2021-05-01 63.64013400
2021-06-01 61.84506300
2021-07-01 69.92232000
2021-08-01 85.23819400
2021-09-01 99.16311100
2021-10-01 110.06603000
2021-11-01 54.34752400
2021-12-01 55.67937200
2022-01-01 7.73322600
2022-02-01 11.32601400
2022-03-01 39.85747900
2022-04-01 29.28850500
2022-05-01 56.70347600
2022-06-01 34.76651000
2022-07-01 20.95316900
2022-08-01 -17.53417100
2022-09-01 -12.61541500
2022-10-01 6.87080930
2022-11-01 -26.61744200
2022-12-01 -15.26249900
2023-01-01 -62.52977800
2023-02-01 -95.01928900
2023-03-01 -18.76150700
2023-04-01 -14.08819600
2023-05-01 -18.50337100
2023-06-01 -45.46300400
2023-07-01 -49.45080200
2023-08-01 -39.71231200
2023-09-01 -20.76509700
2023-10-01 8.60594900
2023-11-01 6.62532380
2023-12-01 39.25125200
2024-01-01 -5.97184370
2024-02-01 20.44493100
2024-03-01 25.78796900
2024-04-01 0.27323961
2024-05-01 9.44342150
2024-06-01 11.06678000
2024-07-01 11.22195100
2024-08-01 -0.26137224
2024-09-01 13.24191800
2024-10-01 -3.32320580
2024-11-01 -11.36454100
2024-12-01 -45.27530500
2025-01-01 -62.23202000
2025-02-01 -66.46194600
2025-03-01 -12.24200400
2025-04-01 -23.92536400
2025-05-01 -25.41053500
2025-06-01 -2.67785290
2025-07-01 4.85363310
2025-08-01 14.15877400
2025-09-01 20.04628400
2025-10-01 13.85723600
2025-11-01 22.91356400
2025-12-01 29.63953300
2026-01-01 2.15591530
2026-02-01 15.90737400
2026-03-01 15.50626600
2026-04-01 32.72018900

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