FRED Graph
Write a custom formula to transform one or more series or combine two or more series.
You can begin by adding a series to combine with your existing series.
Now create a custom formula to combine or transform the series.
Need help?
For example, invert an exchange rate by using formula 1/a, where “a” refers to the first FRED data series added to this line. Or calculate the spread between 2 interest rates, a and b, by using the formula a - b.
Use the assigned data series variables (a, b, c, etc.) together with operators (+, -, *, /, ^, etc.), parentheses and constants (1, 1.5, 2, etc.) to create your own formula (e.g., 1/a, a-b, (a+b)/2, (a/(a+b+c))*100). As noted above, you may add other data series to this line before entering a formula.
Finally, you can change the units of your new series.
Add the minimum, maximum, and average calculations of selected lines to the graph
Write a custom formula to transform one or more series or combine two or more series.
You can begin by adding a series to combine with your existing series.
Now create a custom formula to combine or transform the series.
Need help?
For example, invert an exchange rate by using formula 1/a, where “a” refers to the first FRED data series added to this line. Or calculate the spread between 2 interest rates, a and b, by using the formula a - b.
Use the assigned data series variables (a, b, c, etc.) together with operators (+, -, *, /, ^, etc.), parentheses and constants (1, 1.5, 2, etc.) to create your own formula (e.g., 1/a, a-b, (a+b)/2, (a/(a+b+c))*100). As noted above, you may add other data series to this line before entering a formula.
Finally, you can change the units of your new series.
Add the minimum, maximum, and average calculations of selected lines to the graph
Write a custom formula to transform one or more series or combine two or more series.
You can begin by adding a series to combine with your existing series.
Now create a custom formula to combine or transform the series.
Need help?
For example, invert an exchange rate by using formula 1/a, where “a” refers to the first FRED data series added to this line. Or calculate the spread between 2 interest rates, a and b, by using the formula a - b.
Use the assigned data series variables (a, b, c, etc.) together with operators (+, -, *, /, ^, etc.), parentheses and constants (1, 1.5, 2, etc.) to create your own formula (e.g., 1/a, a-b, (a+b)/2, (a/(a+b+c))*100). As noted above, you may add other data series to this line before entering a formula.
Finally, you can change the units of your new series.
Add the minimum, maximum, and average calculations of selected lines to the graph
Write a custom formula to transform one or more series or combine two or more series.
You can begin by adding a series to combine with your existing series.
Now create a custom formula to combine or transform the series.
Need help?
For example, invert an exchange rate by using formula 1/a, where “a” refers to the first FRED data series added to this line. Or calculate the spread between 2 interest rates, a and b, by using the formula a - b.
Use the assigned data series variables (a, b, c, etc.) together with operators (+, -, *, /, ^, etc.), parentheses and constants (1, 1.5, 2, etc.) to create your own formula (e.g., 1/a, a-b, (a+b)/2, (a/(a+b+c))*100). As noted above, you may add other data series to this line before entering a formula.
Finally, you can change the units of your new series.
Add the minimum, maximum, and average calculations of selected lines to the graph
Write a custom formula to transform one or more series or combine two or more series.
You can begin by adding a series to combine with your existing series.
Now create a custom formula to combine or transform the series.
Need help?
For example, invert an exchange rate by using formula 1/a, where “a” refers to the first FRED data series added to this line. Or calculate the spread between 2 interest rates, a and b, by using the formula a - b.
Use the assigned data series variables (a, b, c, etc.) together with operators (+, -, *, /, ^, etc.), parentheses and constants (1, 1.5, 2, etc.) to create your own formula (e.g., 1/a, a-b, (a+b)/2, (a/(a+b+c))*100). As noted above, you may add other data series to this line before entering a formula.
Finally, you can change the units of your new series.
Add the minimum, maximum, and average calculations of selected lines to the graph
Write a custom formula to transform one or more series or combine two or more series.
You can begin by adding a series to combine with your existing series.
Now create a custom formula to combine or transform the series.
Need help?
For example, invert an exchange rate by using formula 1/a, where “a” refers to the first FRED data series added to this line. Or calculate the spread between 2 interest rates, a and b, by using the formula a - b.
Use the assigned data series variables (a, b, c, etc.) together with operators (+, -, *, /, ^, etc.), parentheses and constants (1, 1.5, 2, etc.) to create your own formula (e.g., 1/a, a-b, (a+b)/2, (a/(a+b+c))*100). As noted above, you may add other data series to this line before entering a formula.
Finally, you can change the units of your new series.
Add the minimum, maximum, and average calculations of selected lines to the graph
Data in this graph are copyrighted. Please review the copyright information in the series notes before sharing.
Notes
Source: Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (US)
Release: H.6 Money Stock Measures
Units: Billions of Dollars, Not Seasonally Adjusted
Frequency: Monthly
Notes:
The Board of Governors consolidated this series onto the H.6 statistical release, "Money Stock Measures", after the H.3 statistical release was discontinued. For more information on the consolidated H.6 release, see the H.6 Technical Q&As posted on August 20, 2020.
Total reserves equal reserve balances plus, before April 2020, vault cash used to satisfy reserve requirements.
For questions on the data, please contact the data source. For questions on FRED functionality, please contact us here.
Suggested Citation:
Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (US), Reserves of Depository Institutions: Total [TOTRESNS], retrieved from FRED, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis; https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/TOTRESNS, March 13, 2025.
Source: Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (US)
Release: H.6 Money Stock Measures
Units: Billions of Dollars, Not Seasonally Adjusted
Frequency: Monthly
Notes:
The Board of Governors consolidated this series onto the H.6 statistical release, "Money Stock Measures", after the H.3 statistical release was discontinued. For more information on the consolidated H.6 release, see the H.6 Technical Q&As posted on August 20, 2020.
The monetary base equals currency in circulation plus reserve balances.
For questions on the data, please contact the data source. For questions on FRED functionality, please contact us here.
Suggested Citation:
Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (US), Monetary Base: Total [BOGMBASE], retrieved from FRED, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis; https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/BOGMBASE, March 13, 2025.
Source: Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (US)
Release: H.6 Money Stock Measures
Units: Billions of Dollars, Not Seasonally Adjusted
Frequency: Monthly
Notes:
The Board of Governors consolidated this series onto the H.6 statistical release, "Money Stock Measures", after the H.3 statistical release was discontinued. For more information on the consolidated H.6 release, see the H.6 Technical Q&As posted on August 20, 2020.
Currency in circulation includes Federal Reserve notes and coin outside the U.S. Treasury and Federal Reserve Banks. The total includes Treasury estimates of coins outstanding and Treasury paper currency outstanding. This definition of currency in circulation differs from the currency component of the money stock (CURRENCY), which excludes currency held in vaults of depository institutions.
For questions on the data, please contact the data source. For questions on FRED functionality, please contact us here.
Suggested Citation:
Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (US), Monetary Base: Currency in Circulation [MBCURRCIR], retrieved from FRED, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis; https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/MBCURRCIR, March 13, 2025.
Source: Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (US)
Release: H.8 Assets and Liabilities of Commercial Banks in the United States
Units: Billions of U.S. Dollars, Seasonally Adjusted
Frequency: Monthly
Notes:
For questions on the data, please contact the data source. For questions on FRED functionality, please contact us here.
Suggested Citation:
Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (US), Consumer Loans, All Commercial Banks [CONSUMER], retrieved from FRED, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis; https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/CONSUMER, March 13, 2025.
Source: Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (US)
Release: Z.1 Financial Accounts of the United States
Units: Millions of Dollars, Not Seasonally Adjusted
Frequency: Quarterly
Notes:
Source ID: FL313172003.Q
For more information about the Flow of Funds tables, see the Financial Accounts Guide.
With each quarterly release, the source may make major data and structural revisions to the series and tables. These changes are available in the Release Highlights.
In the Financial Accounts, the source identifies each series by a string of patterned letters and numbers. For a detailed description, including how this series is constructed, see the series analyzer provided by the source.
Suggested Citation:
Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (US), Federal Government; Paycheck Protection Program Payables; Liability, Level [BOGZ1FL313170103Q], retrieved from FRED, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis; https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/BOGZ1FL313170103Q, March 13, 2025.
Source: Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (US)
Release: Z.1 Financial Accounts of the United States
Units: Millions of Dollars, Seasonally Adjusted Annual Rate
Frequency: Quarterly
Notes:
Source ID: FA313172003.Q
For more information about the Flow of Funds tables, see the Financial Accounts Guide.
With each quarterly release, the source may make major data and structural revisions to the series and tables. These changes are available in the Release Highlights.
In the Financial Accounts, the source identifies each series by a string of patterned letters and numbers. For a detailed description, including how this series is constructed, see the series analyzer provided by the source.
Suggested Citation:
Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (US), Federal Government; Paycheck Protection Program Payables; Liability, Transactions [BOGZ1FA313170103Q], retrieved from FRED, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis; https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/BOGZ1FA313170103Q, March 13, 2025.
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Consumer Loans, All Commercial Banks
Monthly, Not Seasonally Adjusted Weekly, Not Seasonally Adjusted Weekly, Seasonally Adjusted Millions of Dollars, Quarterly, Not Seasonally Adjusted Percent Change at Annual Rate, Annual, Seasonally Adjusted Percent Change at Annual Rate, Monthly, Seasonally Adjusted Percent Change at Annual Rate, Quarterly, Seasonally AdjustedFederal Government; Paycheck Protection Program Payables; Liability, Level
Annual, Not Seasonally AdjustedFederal Government; Paycheck Protection Program Payables; Liability, Transactions
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