Federal Reserve Economic Data

Quarterly

F.6 Derivation of Measures of Personal Saving

The Financial Accounts (formerly known as the Flow of Funds accounts) are a set of financial accounts used to track the sources and uses of funds by sector. They are a component of a system of macroeconomic accounts including the National Income and Product accounts (NIPA) and balance of payments accounts, all of which serve as a comprehensive set of information on the economy’s performance.(1) Some important inferences that can be drawn from the Financial accounts are the financial strength of a given sector, new economic trends, changes in the composition of wealth, and development of new financial instruments over time.(1)
Sectors are compiled into three categories: households, nonfinancial businesses, and banks. The sources of funds for a sector are its internal funds (savings from income after consumption) and external funds (loans from banks and other financial intermediaries). (1) Funds for a given sector are used for its investments in physical and financial assets. Dividing sources and uses of funds into two categories helps the staff of the Federal Reserve System pay particular attention to external sources of funds and financial uses of funds.(2) One example is whether households are borrowing more from banks—or in other words, whether household debt is rising. Another example might be whether banks are using more of their funds to provide loans to consumers. Transactions within a sector are not shown in the accounts; however, transactions between sectors are.(2) Monitoring the external flows of funds provides insights into a sector’s health and the performance of the economy as a whole.
Data for the Financial accounts are compiled from a large number of reports and publications, including regulatory reports such as those submitted by banks, tax filings, and surveys conducted by the Federal Reserve System.(2) The Financial accounts are published quarterly as a set of tables in the Federal Reserve’s Z.1 statistical release.
(1) Teplin, Albert M. “The U.S. Flow of Funds Accounts and Their Uses.” Federal Reserve Bulletin, July 2001; http://www.federalreserve.gov/pubs/bulletin/2001/0701lead.pdf.
(2) Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. “Guide to the Flow of Funds Accounts.” 2000, http://www.federalreserve.gov/apps/fof/.

For questions on the data, please contact the data source: https://www.federalreserve.gov/apps/ContactUs/feedback.aspx?refurl=/releases/z1/%
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    Q4 1946    
 
 
    Q2 2025
Line Name Q2 2025 Q1 2025 Q2 2024 Units
line 1
Net acquisition of financial assets 		1,360,918 Millions of Dollars 3,225,040 Millions of Dollars 2,401,665 Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 2
Foreign deposits 		1,186 Millions of Dollars 3,088 Millions of Dollars 4,548 Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 3
Checkable deposits and currency 		525,920 Millions of Dollars 885,649 Millions of Dollars -435,449 Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 4
Time and savings deposits 		369,487 Millions of Dollars 81,924 Millions of Dollars 377,656 Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 5
Money market fund shares 		289,642 Millions of Dollars 616,718 Millions of Dollars 429,971 Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 6
Debt securities 		-20,053 Millions of Dollars -84,119 Millions of Dollars 712,283 Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 7
Treasury securities 		293,464 Millions of Dollars 254,229 Millions of Dollars 442,485 Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 8
Agency- and GSE-backed securities 		-125,868 Millions of Dollars -429,141 Millions of Dollars 51,335 Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 9
Municipal securities 		264,406 Millions of Dollars 95,840 Millions of Dollars 231,723 Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 10
Corporate and foreign bonds 		-452,055 Millions of Dollars -5,047 Millions of Dollars -13,261 Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 11
Loans 		74,022 Millions of Dollars 357,460 Millions of Dollars -159,275 Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 12
Corporate equities 		-207,488 Millions of Dollars 1,078,929 Millions of Dollars 1,198,088 Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 13
Mutual fund shares 		-319,610 Millions of Dollars -386,891 Millions of Dollars -492,866 Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 14
Trade receivables 		34,580 Millions of Dollars 34,580 Millions of Dollars 34,872 Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 15
Life insurance reserves 		73,620 Millions of Dollars 47,088 Millions of Dollars 49,928 Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 16
Pension entitlements 		345,099 Millions of Dollars 267,396 Millions of Dollars 447,854 Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 17
Miscellaneous and other assets 		194,512 Millions of Dollars 323,217 Millions of Dollars 234,055 Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 18
Gross investment in nonfinancial assets 		3,981,375 Millions of Dollars 3,994,653 Millions of Dollars 3,863,489 Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 19
Residential fixed investment 		1,189,752 Millions of Dollars 1,201,019 Millions of Dollars 1,173,545 Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 20
Nonresidential fixed investment 		749,346 Millions of Dollars 743,507 Millions of Dollars 722,675 Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 21
Consumer durables 		2,058,245 Millions of Dollars 2,029,554 Millions of Dollars 1,961,533 Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 22
Nonproduced nonfinancial assets 		-14,016 Millions of Dollars -13,669 Millions of Dollars -13,638 Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 23
Inventories 		-1,952 Millions of Dollars 34,242 Millions of Dollars 19,374 Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 24
Consumption of fixed capital 		3,119,689 Millions of Dollars 3,083,298 Millions of Dollars 2,997,144 Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 25
Residential fixed investment 		837,657 Millions of Dollars 829,854 Millions of Dollars 799,469 Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 26
Nonresidential fixed investment 		584,101 Millions of Dollars 581,143 Millions of Dollars 570,590 Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 27
Consumer durables 		1,697,931 Millions of Dollars 1,672,301 Millions of Dollars 1,627,085 Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 28
Net investment in nonfinancial assets 		861,686 Millions of Dollars 911,355 Millions of Dollars 866,345 Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 29
Residential fixed investment 		352,095 Millions of Dollars 371,165 Millions of Dollars 374,076 Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 30
Nonresidential fixed investment 		165,245 Millions of Dollars 162,364 Millions of Dollars 152,085 Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 31
Consumer durables 		360,314 Millions of Dollars 357,253 Millions of Dollars 334,448 Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 32
Nonproduced nonfinancial assets 		-14,016 Millions of Dollars -13,669 Millions of Dollars -13,638 Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 33
Inventories 		-1,952 Millions of Dollars 34,242 Millions of Dollars 19,374 Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 34
Net increase in liabilities 		1,176,372 Millions of Dollars 818,463 Millions of Dollars 925,175 Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 35
Home mortgages 		468,456 Millions of Dollars 324,806 Millions of Dollars 454,595 Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 36
Other mortgages 		164,430 Millions of Dollars 145,856 Millions of Dollars 100,304 Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 37
Consumer credit 		140,349 Millions of Dollars 58,298 Millions of Dollars 53,335 Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 38
Other loans and advances 		155,924 Millions of Dollars 5,040 Millions of Dollars 80,676 Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 39
Other liabilities 		239,447 Millions of Dollars 286,089 Millions of Dollars 197,078 Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 40
Net capital transfers paid 		24,641 Millions of Dollars -108,026 Millions of Dollars -25,582 Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 41
Personal saving, FOF concept (FOF) 		1,070,872 Millions of Dollars 3,209,906 Millions of Dollars 2,317,253 Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 42
- Net investment in consumer durables 		360,314 Millions of Dollars 357,253 Millions of Dollars 334,448 Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 43
- Government insurance and pension fund reserves 		-1,786 Millions of Dollars -1,976 Millions of Dollars -1,414 Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 44
+ Contr. for govt. soc. insur., U.S.-affiliated areas 		6,471 Millions of Dollars 6,406 Millions of Dollars 6,226 Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 45
= Personal saving, NIPA concept (FOF) 		718,816 Millions of Dollars 2,861,035 Millions of Dollars 1,990,445 Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 46
Personal saving, NIPA concept (NIPA) 		1,045,822 Millions of Dollars 963,381 Millions of Dollars 1,061,121 Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
line 47
Difference 		-327,006 Millions of Dollars 1,897,654 Millions of Dollars 929,324 Millions of Dollars Mil. of $
Memo:
line 48
Disposable personal income 		22,532.300 Billions of Dollars 22,257.732 Billions of Dollars 21,568.622 Billions of Dollars Bil. of $
Personal saving as a percentage of disposable personal income:
line 49
FOF concept (FOF data) (line 41) 		4.75261 Percent 14.42153 Percent 10.74363 Percent %
line 50
NIPA concept (FOF data) (line 45) 		3.19016 Percent 12.85412 Percent 9.22843 Percent %
line 51
NIPA concept (NIPA data) (line 46) 		4.64143 Percent 4.32830 Percent 4.91974 Percent %
line 52
Difference (line 47) 		-1.45128 Percent 8.52582 Percent 4.30869 Percent %
   

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