Break-adjusted measure intended for users who need a series without classification or geographical breaks for use in appropriate econometric work where, for example, the series will be log-differenced or log-linearised around a trend. This series was constructed by the Bank of England as part of the Three Centuries of Macroeconomic Data project by combining data from a number of academic and official sources. For more information, please refer to the Three Centuries spreadsheet at https://www.bankofengland.co.uk/statistics/research-datasets. Users are advised to check the underlying assumptions behind this series in the relevant worksheets of the spreadsheet. In many cases alternative assumptions might be appropriate. Users are permitted to reproduce this series in their own work as it represents Bank calculations and manipulations of underlying series that are the copyright of the Bank of England provided that underlying sources are cited appropriately. For appropriate citation please see the Three Centuries spreadsheet for guidance and a list of the underlying sources.

Data Were Computed By NBER From Published Figures For The Number Unemployed At The End Of Each Month And From Figures Of Total Members At The End Of Each Month, Derived From Given Year-End Membership Figures By Straight Line Interpolation. Source: Computed By NBER From Data In Annual Reports Of The Friendly Society Of Iron Founders Of England, Ireland, And Wales. This NBER data series m08141 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 8 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter08.html. NBER Indicator: m08141

Computed By NBER By Taking Complement Of Unemployment Percentage. These Figures Are Available To Date. Source: N.H.Beveridge, Unemployment (1930, Pp.451-2 For 1860-1913), And Great Britain, 13Th And 17Th Abstract Of Labor Statistics 1907-8, P.4. This NBER data series a08004 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 8 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter08.html. NBER Indicator: a08004

Data Computed By NBER By Subtraction Of The Unemployment Rate From 100%. Figure For March 1912 Was Affected By The National Coal Dispute. Indications From Labour Gazette (Computation) Show October 1918 To Have The Lowest Unemployment Point (0.08). April-August 1921 Figures Were Affected By The General Coal Stoppage, As Were The Figures For May-December, 1926. Source: Computed By NBER From Data In Abstract Of Labor Statistics, 10Th Abstract, P. 3; 17Th Abstract, P. 8; 19Th Abstract, P. 81. This NBER data series m08003 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 8 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter08.html. NBER Indicator: m08003

Source: Harry Jerome, Migration And Business Cycles, National Bureau Of Economic Research, Publication 9, P.248. This NBER data series m08005 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 8 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter08.html. NBER Indicator: m08005

Data For 1890-1905 Covers Letter Carriers Only. Data For 1906-1928 Covers Carriers And Clerks. Data Is For Calendar Years. Source: Paul H. Douglas, Real Wages In The United States, P. 378; Douglas And Jennison, The Movement Of Money And Real Earnings In The United States, 1926-1928, University Of Chicago Studies In Business Administration No.3, P. 23. This NBER data series a08058 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 8 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter08.html. NBER Indicator: a08058

Data Cover The Following Industries Including Firm Members And Those Self-Employed: Forestry And Fishing; Industry -- Extraction Of Minerals, Manufacturing, Construction, Transportation, Public Utilities; Trade -- Distribution And Finance; Service Industries -- Excluding Armed Forces; Miscellaneous Industries And Services. Source: National Industrial Conference Board, Economic Almanac, 1944-1945, Pp. 44-45. This NBER data series a08170 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 8 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter08.html. NBER Indicator: a08170

Series Is Presented Here As Two Variables--(1)--Original Data, 1900-1929 (2)--Original Data, 1927-1943. Data Cover Employment In Agriculture; Forestry And Fishing; Industry -- Extraction Of Minerals, Manufacturing, Construction, Transportation, Public Utilities; Transportation -- Distribution And Financing; Service Industries Excluding Military Forces; Miscellaneous Industries And Services. Source: National Industrial Conference Board, The Economic Almanac For 1944-1945, Pp. 44-45. This NBER data series a08171a appears on the NBER website in Chapter 8 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter08.html. NBER Indicator: a08171a

This Variable Is The Complement Of The NBER Unemployment Series. The Entire Work Force (100%) Minus The Percentage Unemployed Equals The Percentage Employed. In January, 1910 Textile Industry Data Were Extended To Include All Classes Of Labor, Rather Than Only Highly Skilled One As Heretofore. The Cloakmakers Strike In New York City Involved Nearly 10% Of All Workers Reporting. The Figures For July And August Are Given Excluding Them. Beginning In January 1912, Lake Seamen, Who Have A Very High Rate Of Unemployment During The Winter Months, Are Not Included. Beginning In June, 1915 The Date Was Changed From The Last Of The Month To The 15Th. Source: Computed By NBER From Unemployment Data In New York State Department Of Labor, Annual Report 1902, P.382; Special Bulletin No69, P.4 And Special Bulletin No85, P.50. This NBER data series m08006 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 8 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter08.html. NBER Indicator: m08006

Source: For 1903-July 1927 Data: Statistisches Reichsamt, Reichs-Arbeitsblatt; For 1924-1930 Data: Jahr Und Handbuch Dis Deutschen Metallarbeiter Veibandes. This NBER data series q08021 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 8 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter08.html. NBER Indicator: q08021

Series Is Presented Here As Six Variables--(1)--Original Data, 1904-1913 (2)--Original Data, 1914-1920, (3)--Original Data, 1924-1929 (4)--Original Data, 1924-1929 (5)--Original Data, 1928-1934 (6)--Original Data, 1928-1934. The Six Variables In This Series Are Broken Down As Follows: 1904-1913 Data Are On A December 31, 1904 Base Of 100. 1914-1920 Data Are On A Base Of May 31, 1914=100. The Data For 1924-1929 Were Converted By NBER To A Base Of 1928=100 From An Original Index Based On December 31, 1924=100. The 1924-1929 Data Are Also Presented As Based On The Original December Date. The 1928-1934 Data Are Presented As Originally Given, In Millions Of Members. However, The NBER Has Also Converted That Original Data To An Index Based On 1928=100. Data Are Based On End Of Month Figures And Are For Industrial Workers. Source: Computed From Data In Reichsarbeitsblatt This NBER data series m08023a appears on the NBER website in Chapter 8 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter08.html. NBER Indicator: m08023a

Source: For 1903-July 1927 Data: Statistisches Reichsamt, Reichs-Arbeitsblatt; For 1924-1930 Data: Jahr Und Handbuch Dis Deutschen Metallarbeiter Veibandes. This NBER data series m08021 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 8 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter08.html. NBER Indicator: m08021

This Variable Is The Percentage Unemployed Subtracted From The Whole Workforce (100%). Quarters Ending On March 31St, June 30Th, September 30Th And December 31St. Source: Computed By NBER From Unemployment (Due To Lack Of Work Or Material) Data In Annual Report On The Statistics Of Labor, 1923, Part Iii, P.20-21. Massachusetts Department Of Labor And Industries. This NBER data series q08007 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 8 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter08.html. NBER Indicator: q08007

100%- Unemployed % The Quarters Are Ending On March 31St, June 30Th, September 30Th, And December 31St. Source: Computed By NBER From Unemployment Data In Massachusetts Department Of Labor And Industries, Annual Report On The Statistics Of Labor, 1923, Part Iii, Pp.20-21 (The 1923 Data Are In A Letter). This NBER data series q08009 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 8 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter08.html. NBER Indicator: q08009

Series Is Presented Here As Two Variables--(1)--Original Data, 1909-1926 (2)--Original Data, 1922-1938. Source: P.H. Douglas, Real Wages In The United States, 1890-1926, P.362. This NBER data series a08057a appears on the NBER website in Chapter 8 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter08.html. NBER Indicator: a08057a

The Employees Represented In This Series Are Those Who Appear On Factory Office Payrolls, Such As Office Clerks, Stenographers, Bookkeepers, Accountants, Cashiers, Stock Clerks, Office Managers, Superintendants, Etc. 1914 Average Weekly Earnings Are The Average Of June; 1915-1917 Averages Are Of December; 1918 And Following Yearly Averages Are Of October. Source: N.Y. State Industrial Bulletin, December 1923, P. 60 And Following Issues. This NBER data series a08049 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 8 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter08.html. NBER Indicator: a08049

The Data Include Male And Female, The Latter Accounting For Less Than Half Of One Percent. Bookkeepers, Stenographers And Office Help Are Not Included. Source: From 1914 To 1929, The Data Come From The U.S.Bureau Of Labor Statistics Bulletin 553, Pp.54 And Following Industrial Commission Of Ohio Until June, 1921, And Thereafter, Department Of Industrial Production Of Ohio. This NBER data series m08009aa appears on the NBER website in Chapter 8 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter08.html. NBER Indicator: m08009aa

Series Is Presented Here As Six Variables--(1)--Original Data, 1904-1913 (2)--Original Data, 1914-1920, (3)--Original Data, 1924-1929 (4)--Original Data, 1924-1929 (5)--Original Data, 1928-1934 (6)--Original Data, 1928-1934. The Six Variables In This Series Are Broken Down As Follows: 1904-1913 Data Are On A December 31, 1904 Base Of 100. 1914-1920 Data Are On A Base Of May 31, 1914=100. The Data For 1924-1929 Were Converted By NBER To A Base Of 1928=100 From An Original Index Based On December 31, 1924=100. The 1924-1929 Data Are Also Presented As Based On The Original December Date. The 1928-1934 Data Are Presented As Originally Given, In Millions Of Members. However, The NBER Has Also Converted That Original Data To An Index Based On 1928=100. These Data Were Originally Given As First Of Month Data. Here They Were Placed At The End Of The Month By NBER. Data Are For All Employment. Source: Reichsarbeitsblatt, 1920, Pp.23 And 592 Under "Mitgliederbervegnung Bie Den Krankenkassen".

The Data Were Obtained From Unemployment Figures Subtracted From 100%. Source: Reichsarbeitsblatt 1914 And Following Issues; For 1923-30, See Jahrbuch Deutschen Baugemeinsbund. This NBER data series m08022 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 8 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter08.html. NBER Indicator: m08022

Data Cover Employees In Both Office And Shops. Source: New York State Department Of Labor, For 1914-1920 Data: Table Furnished By Bureau Of Research And Statistics; For 1921-1930 Data: Course Of Factory Employment In New York State From 1921 To 1930, Special Bulletin No. 171, 1930; For 1931-1938: Trend Of Employment In New York State Factories From 1914 To 1939, Special Bulletin No. 206, June 1940; For 1939-1941: The Industrial Bulletin. This NBER data series m08244 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 8 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter08.html. NBER Indicator: m08244

Data Cover Employees In Both Office And Shop. Indexes On A Base Of June 1914=100 And June 1915=100 In The Labor Market Bulletin Were Converted To 1925-1927=100 By NBER. Source: New York State Department Of Labor, For 1914-1920 Data: Labor Market Bulletin; For 1921-1930 Data: Course Of Factory Employment In New York State From 1921 To 1930, Special Bulletin No. 171, 1931; For 1931-1938: Trend Of Employment In New York State Factories From 1914 To 1939, Special Bulletin No. 206, June 1940; For 1939-1941: The Industrial Bulletin. This NBER data series m08247 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 8 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter08.html. NBER Indicator: m08247

Series Is Presented Here As Two Variables--(1)--Original Data, 1914-1920 (2)--Original Data, 1919-1969. Figures Are Based On Information For 13 Industries. Source: Bureau Of Labor Staistics, Monthly Labor Review, December 1925, P.121. This NBER data series m08010a appears on the NBER website in Chapter 8 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter08.html. NBER Indicator: m08010a

Source: P.H. Douglas, Real Wages In The United States, 1890-1926, Pp. 239-240; The Movement Of Money And Real Earnings In The United States, 1926-1928, P. 10, (University Of Chicago Studies In Business Administration.) This NBER data series m08040 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 8 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter08.html. NBER Indicator: m08040

This Series Excludes The Military. Source: Simon Kuznets, National Income And Its Composition, 1919-38, Pp. 314 And 814, 1941. This NBER data series a08172 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 8 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter08.html. NBER Indicator: a08172

Source: Federal Reserve Bulletin: Oct. 1938 (1919-33) Oct. 1939 (1934-July 1939) This NBER data series m08090a appears on the NBER website in Chapter 8 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter08.html. NBER Indicator: m08090a

Series Is Presented Here As Two Variables--(1)--Original Data, 1919-1930 (2)--Original Data, 1930-1968. Data Represent Unweighted Medians Of Rates Derived From Reports Of Sample Companies, The Rates Being Computed On The Basis Of The Average Number Of Employees On The Payroll. The Original Data Are Given On An Equivalent Annual Basis. NBER Has Reconverted Them Into Monthly Rates By Dividing By 11.77; 12.17; 13.04; 12.62 Respectively, Depending On Whether The Number Of Days In A Given Month Is 31, 30, 28, Or 29. Rates Refer To Wage Earners. Certain Seasonal Industries Are Excluded. Source: Bureau Of Labor Statistics, Monthly Labor Review, July, 1929 And February, 1931. This NBER data series m08252a appears on the NBER website in Chapter 8 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter08.html. NBER Indicator: m08252a

Series Is Presented Here As Two Variables--(1)--Original Data, 1919-1930 (2)--Original Data, 1930-1968. These Figures Represent Unweighted Medians Of Rates Derived From Reports Of Sample Companies, The Rates Being Computed On The Basis Of Average Number Of Employees On The Payroll. The Original Data Were Stated On An Equivalent Annual Basis. NBER Converted These Back Into Monthly Rates By Dividing By 11.77; 12.17; 13.04; 12.62 Depending On Whether The Number Of Days In A Given Month Is 31, 30, 28, Or 29. Original Data Are In The NBER Description File. Rates Refer To Wage Earners; Certain Seasonal Industries Are Excluded. Source: Bureau Of Labor Statistics, Monthly Labor Review, July, 1929 And February, 1931. This NBER data series m08255a appears on the NBER website in Chapter 8 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter08.html. NBER Indicator: m08255a

Series Is Presented Here As Two Variables--(1)--Original Data, 1919-1942 (2)--Original Data, 1947-1956. Source: Computed By National Bureau Of Economic Research This NBER data series m08173a appears on the NBER website in Chapter 8 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter08.html. NBER Indicator: m08173a

Series Is Presented Here As Two Variables--(1)--Original Data, 1919-1942 (2)--Original Data, 1947-1957. Rounded Figures For September 1942 Are -- Original, 92; Adjusted, 88. The Segment Can Be Continued Through July 1949. The Later Segment In The Series, Beginning In 1947, Covers Different Industries And Is Not Comparable With This Data, Later Data Refer Only To Number Of Workers And Not An Index. Source: Bureau Of Labor Statistics, For 1919-1930 Data: Bulletin No. 610, Pp.101, 51-52; For 1931-1934: Mimeographed Release, September 1938, "Revised Index Numbers Of Factory Employment And Payrolls"; For 1935-1939: Mimeographed Release Of May 1940; For 1940-1942:"Employment And Payrolls" And Monthly Labor Review. This NBER data series m08109a appears on the NBER website in Chapter 8 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter08.html. NBER Indicator: m08109a

This NBER data series m08100 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 8 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter08.html. NBER Indicator: m08100

Source: Bureau Of Labor Statistics, For 1919-1930 Data: Bulletin No. 610, Pp. 104, 69-70; For 1931-1934: Mimeographed Release, September 1938, "Revised Index Numbers Of Factory Employment And Payrolls"; For 1935-1939: Mimeographed Release, May 1940; For 1940-1942:"Employment And Payrolls" And Monthly Labor Review. This NBER data series m08102 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 8 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter08.html. NBER Indicator: m08102

Source: Bureau Of Labor Statistics, For 1919-1930 Data: Bulletin No. 610, Pp. 104, 69-70; For 1931-1934: Mimeographed Release, September 1938, "Revised Index Numbers Of Factory Employment And Payrolls"; For 1935-1939: Mimeographed Release, May 1940; For 1940-1942:"Employment And Payrolls" And Monthly Labor Review. This NBER data series m08103 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 8 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter08.html. NBER Indicator: m08103

Source: Bureau Of Labor Statistics, For 1919-1930 Data: Bulletin No. 610, Pp. 106, 78-79; For 1931-1934: Mimeographed Release, September 1938, "Revised Index Numbers Of Factory Employment And Payrolls"; For 1935-1939: Release Of May 1940; For 1940-1942:"Employment And Payrolls" And Monthly Labor Review. This NBER data series m08104 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 8 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter08.html. NBER Indicator: m08104

Source: Bureau Of Labor Statistics, For 1919-1930 Data: Bulletin No. 610, Pp. 106, 78-79; For 1931-1934: Mimeographed Release, September 1938, "Revised Index Numbers Of Factory Employment And Payrolls"; For 1935-1939: Release Of May 1940; For 1940-1942:"Employment And Payrolls" And Monthly Labor Review. This NBER data series m08105 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 8 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter08.html. NBER Indicator: m08105

Source: Bureau Of Labor Statistics, For 1919-1930 Data: Bulletin No. 610, Pp. 100, 30-31; For 1931-1934 Data: Mimeographed Release Of September 1938, Revised Index Numbers Of Factory Employment And Payrolls; For 1935-1939: Mimeographed Release Of May 1940; For 1940-1942:"Employment And Payrolls" And Monthly Labor Review. This NBER data series m08106 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 8 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter08.html. NBER Indicator: m08106

Source: Bureau Of Labor Statistics, For 1919-1930 Data: Bulletin No. 610, Pp. 101, 57-58; For 1931-1934: Mimeographed Release, September 1938, "Revised Index Numbers Of Factory Employment And Payrolls"; For 1935-1939: Mimeographed Release, May 1940; For 1940-1942:"Employment And Payrolls" And Monthly Labor Review. This NBER data series m08107 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 8 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter08.html. NBER Indicator: m08107

Source: Bureau Of Labor Statistics, For 1919-1930 Data: Bulletin No. 610, Pp. 101, 57-58; For 1931-1934: Mimeographed Release, September 1938, "Revised Index Numbers Of Factory Employment And Payrolls"; For 1935-1939: Mimeographed Release, May 1940; For 1940-1942:"Employment And Payrolls" And Monthly Labor Review. This NBER data series m08108 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 8 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter08.html. NBER Indicator: m08108

Source: Bureau Of Labor Statistics, For 1919-1930 Data: Bulletin No. 610; For 1931-1934 Data: Mimeographed Release Of September 1938; For 1935-1939: Mimeographed Report Of May 1940; For 1940-1942:"Employment And Payrolls" And Monthly Labor Review. This NBER data series m08144 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 8 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter08.html. NBER Indicator: m08144

Series Is Presented Here As Four Variables--(1)--Seasonally Adjusted Data, 1919-1942 (2)--Original Data, 1939-1949 (3)--Original Data, 1947-1951 (4)--Original Data, 1951-1956. This Segment Ends In 1942 And Is Followed By A 1939-Based Index, Which Is Believed To Be Roughly Comparable. Source: Federal Reserve Board, Bulletins, For 1919-1933 Data: October 1938; For 1934-1942 Data: October 1939 And Monthly Issues Thereafter. This NBER data series m08015a appears on the NBER website in Chapter 8 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter08.html. NBER Indicator: m08015a

Series Is Presented Here As Two Variables--(1)--Seasonally Adjusted Data, 1919-1942 (2)--Original Data, 1939-1964. The Following Variables From This Series Are Considered Roughly Comparable To This Segment. This Index Of 1923-1925=100 Was Superceded By An Index On The Base 1939=100 (Not Used) That In Turn Was Seperceded By The Series That Follows Here, Following The 1949 Revision Of The Bls Employment Data After Adoption Of The 1945 Standard Industrial Classification. The Series Of Production Worker Employment In Machinery Production (NBER Series 08018) Presented Below Is Believed To Be Roughly Comparable To The Index Shown Through September 1942. Source: Federal Reserve Board, Federal Reserve Bulletin, October 1938; October 1939; Monthly Issues Thereafter. This NBER data series m08018a appears on the NBER website in Chapter 8 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter08.html. NBER Indicator: m08018a

Series Is Presented Here As Three Variables--(1)--Seasonally Adjusted Data, 1919-1924 (2)-- Seasonally Adjusted Data, 1923-1942 (3)--Original Data, 1939-1956. This Variable Refers Only To The Automobile Industry; The Following Variables In The Series Refer To The Broader Category Of Transportation. Source: Data For 1919-1922 Was Furnished By The Federal Reserve Board; Data For 1923-1924 Is From Federal Reserve Bulletin, October 1938. This NBER data series m08019a appears on the NBER website in Chapter 8 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter08.html. NBER Indicator: m08019a

Series Is Presented Here As Two Variables--(1)--Seasonally Adjusted Data, 1919-1942 (2)--Original Data, 1939-1956. This Segment Is Followed By A Segment Based On Number Of Production Workers Employed. Both Segments Are Roughly Comparable In Idustry Coverage. Source: Federal Reserve Board, Bulletins, For 1919-1933 Data: October 1938; For 1934-1939 Data: October 1939; For 1940-1942: Monthly Issues. This NBER data series m08014a appears on the NBER website in Chapter 8 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter08.html. NBER Indicator: m08014a

Source: Federal Reserve Board, Bulletins, For 1919-1933 Data: October 1938; For 1934-1942 Data: October 1939 And Following Monthly Issues. This NBER data series m08016 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 8 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter08.html. NBER Indicator: m08016

Source: Federal Reserve Board, Bulletins, For 1919-1933 Data: October 1938; For 1934-1939 Data: October 1939; For 1940-1942: Monthly Issues; This NBER data series m08017 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 8 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter08.html. NBER Indicator: m08017

Series Is Presented Here As Two Variables--(1)--Seasonally Adjusted Data, 1919-1942 (2)--Original Data, 1939-1956. This Index Was Discontinued In September 1942 And Superseded By One That Represents The Number Of Production Workers In The Industry, Starting In 1939. Both Segments Are Considered Roughly Comparable. Source: Federal Reserve Board, Bulletins, For 1919-1933 Data: October 1938; For 1934-1942 Data: October 1939 And Following Monthly Issues. This NBER data series m08101a appears on the NBER website in Chapter 8 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter08.html. NBER Indicator: m08101a

Source: 1919-1922: Furnished Direct By Frb, Division Of Research And Statistics; 1923-1924: Federal Reserve Bulletin October 1938, Pp 858-860; 1935-July 1939: Frb, Revised Indexes Of Factory Employment Oct.1939, Pp 8. Federal Reserve Monthly This NBER data series m08081 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 8 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter08.html. NBER Indicator: m08081

Source: Industry P.16 For 1931-1934, B.L.S. Mimeographical Release Sept.1938. Revised Index Numbers Of Factory Employment And Payrolls For 1935-1939, Bls Mimeo Release May 1940 For 1940-41, Employment And Payrolls, Monthly Labor Review This NBER data series m08088 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 8 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter08.html. NBER Indicator: m08088

This Index Is A Major Subindex Of The Textile Group And Combines The Following Indexes Of The Subgroup "Wearing Apparel" -- Men'S Clothing, Women'S Clothing, Corsets And Allied Garments, Men'S Furnishings, Millinery, Shirts And Collars. Source: Data For 1919-1922 Furnished To NBER Direct From Federal Reserve Board, Division Of Research And Statistics; Data For 1923-1934: Federal Reserve Bulletin, October 1938, Of Factory Employment, " October 1939, P. 8; For August 1939-1942 Data: Monthly Federal Reserve Bulletins. This NBER data series m08091 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 8 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter08.html. NBER Indicator: m08091

Source: Bureau Of Labor Statistics, For 1919-1939 Data: Bulletin No. 610; For 1931-1934 Data: Mimeographed Report, September 1938; For 1935-1939 Data: Mimeographed Report, May 1940; For 1940-1942:"Employment And Payrolls" And Monthly Labor Review. This NBER data series m08092 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 8 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter08.html. NBER Indicator: m08092

Source: Bureau Of Labor Statistics, For 1919-1939 Data: Bulletin No. 610; For 1931-1934 Data: Mimeographed Report, September 1938; For 1935-1939 Data: Mimeographed Report, May 1940; For 1940-1942:"Employment And Payrolls" And Monthly Labor Review. This NBER data series m08093 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 8 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter08.html. NBER Indicator: m08093

Source: Bureau Of Labor Statistics, For 1919-1939 Data: Bulletin No. 610; For 1931-1934 Data: Mimeographed Report, September 1938; For 1935-1939 Data: Mimeographed Report, May 1940; For 1940-1942:"Employment And Payrolls" And Monthly Labor Review. This NBER data series m08094 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 8 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter08.html. NBER Indicator: m08094

Source: Bureau Of Labor Statistics, For 1919-1939 Data: Bulletin No. 610; For 1931-1934 Data: Mimeographed Report, September 1938; For 1935-1939 Data: Mimeographed Report, May 1940; For 1940-1942:"Employment And Payrolls" And Monthly Labor Review. This NBER data series m08095 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 8 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter08.html. NBER Indicator: m08095

Source: For 1919-30, Bls, Bulletin 610. For 1913-34, Bls Mimeographed Report, Sept. 1938. For 1935-39, Bls, Mimeographed Report, May 1940. For 1940-42, Bls, Employment And Payrolls And Monthly Labor Review This NBER data series m08096 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 8 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter08.html. NBER Indicator: m08096

Source: Federal Reserve Bulletin, Oct. 1938, Feb. 1941 This NBER data series m08097 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 8 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter08.html. NBER Indicator: m08097

This NBER data series m08098 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 8 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter08.html. NBER Indicator: m08098

Source: Federal Reserve Bulletin, Oct.1938; Pp.842-5; Oct.1939; Pp.880; Nov 1939; Pp.1007; Feb1941, Pp.166 And Ff Issues. This NBER data series m08146a appears on the NBER website in Chapter 8 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter08.html. NBER Indicator: m08146a

These Payments Cover Pensions, Compensation For Injury, And Relief Payments In The Groups "Transportation And Public Utilities" And "Government" (Social Securities Paid By Employers Are Included). Source: Simon Kuznets, National Income And Its Composition, 1919-1938, (NBER No. 40) 1941, Volume I, Table 57, Pp. 322-323. This NBER data series a08181a appears on the NBER website in Chapter 8 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter08.html. NBER Indicator: a08181a

Series Is Presented Here As Two Variables--(1)--Original Data, 1919-1923 (2)--Original Data, 1923-1942. For This Variable"Iron And Steel And Their Products" Data Were Used Because The Bureau Of Labor Statistics"Blast Furnaces, Steel Works, And Rolling Mills" Series Begins In 1923. See Memorandum. Source: Bureau Of Labor Statistics Memorandum This NBER data series m08236a appears on the NBER website in Chapter 8 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter08.html. NBER Indicator: m08236a

Series is Presented Here As Two Variables--(1)--Original Data, 1914-1920 (2)--Original Data, 1919-1969. The Series Were"Revised On The Basis Of The 1957 Standard Industrial Classification". Source: Employment And Earnings Statistics For The United States, 1909- 60 For 1919-58, And"Employment And Earnings Statistics For The United States, 1909-66" For 1959-67 (Bureau Of Labor Statistics Bulletin, Nos.1312 And 1312-5); Then"Employment And Earnings" From September 1967 Until March 1969. The Data Were First Published In The"Monthly Report On The Labor Force" (Also A Press Release On The Employment Estimation). This NBER data series m08010b appears on the NBER website in Chapter 8 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter08.html. NBER Indicator: m08010b

Source: 1932-1933 Supplement To National Industrial Conference Board Service " Letter, June 1938. 1934- 1935 Conference Board Economic " Record, March 28, 1936-1942 Conference Board Management " Record, Jan 1945 This NBER data series m08232 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 8 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter08.html. NBER Indicator: m08232