Calendar year average. This measure uses a break-adjusted measure of nominal GDP as the denominator. This series was constructed by the Bank of England as part of the Three Centuries of Macroeconomic Data project by combining data from a number of academic and official sources. For more information, please refer to the Three Centuries spreadsheet at https://www.bankofengland.co.uk/statistics/research-datasets. Users are advised to check the underlying assumptions behind this series in the relevant worksheets of the spreadsheet. In many cases alternative assumptions might be appropriate. Users are permitted to reproduce this series in their own work as it represents Bank calculations and manipulations of underlying series that are the copyright of the Bank of England provided that underlying sources are cited appropriately. For appropriate citation please see the Three Centuries spreadsheet for guidance and a list of the underlying sources.
BEA Account Code: B1186C For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: A658RC For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: H4350C For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: H4450C For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: B4695C For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: H4150C For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: H4250C For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: H4650C For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: B4395C For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: B4295C For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: B4095C For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: H1810C For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: H4511C For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: B4495C For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: B4195C For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: H4050C For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: A658RX For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: A664RX For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: A381RC For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: A379RC For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: A661RC For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: A661RC For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: A664RC For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: A664RC For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: A381RX For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: A381RD For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: A380RX For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: A380RD For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: A379RD For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: A379RX For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: A661RX For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: A658RX For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: A664RX For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: A661RX For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: W369RG For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: W368RG For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: A380RC For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: A658RC For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: J4450C For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: J4914C For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: J4350C For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: J4716C0 For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: J4814C For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: J4050C0 For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: J4650C For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: J433RC For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: J433RC For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: J4511C For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: J1810C For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: J4150C For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: J4250C For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
Source ID: csh_r When using these data in your research, please make the following reference: Feenstra, Robert C., Robert Inklaar and Marcel P. Timmer (2015), "The Next Generation of the Penn World Table" American Economic Review, 105(10), 3150-3182, available for download at www.ggdc.net/pwt For more information, see http://www.rug.nl/research/ggdc/data/pwt/.
Source ID: csh_r When using these data in your research, please make the following reference: Feenstra, Robert C., Robert Inklaar and Marcel P. Timmer (2015), "The Next Generation of the Penn World Table" American Economic Review, 105(10), 3150-3182, available for download at www.ggdc.net/pwt For more information, see http://www.rug.nl/research/ggdc/data/pwt/.
Source ID: csh_r When using these data in your research, please make the following reference: Feenstra, Robert C., Robert Inklaar and Marcel P. Timmer (2015), "The Next Generation of the Penn World Table" American Economic Review, 105(10), 3150-3182, available for download at www.ggdc.net/pwt For more information, see http://www.rug.nl/research/ggdc/data/pwt/.
Source ID: csh_r When using these data in your research, please make the following reference: Feenstra, Robert C., Robert Inklaar and Marcel P. Timmer (2015), "The Next Generation of the Penn World Table" American Economic Review, 105(10), 3150-3182, available for download at www.ggdc.net/pwt For more information, see http://www.rug.nl/research/ggdc/data/pwt/.
Source ID: csh_r When using these data in your research, please make the following reference: Feenstra, Robert C., Robert Inklaar and Marcel P. Timmer (2015), "The Next Generation of the Penn World Table" American Economic Review, 105(10), 3150-3182, available for download at www.ggdc.net/pwt For more information, see http://www.rug.nl/research/ggdc/data/pwt/.
Source ID: csh_r When using these data in your research, please make the following reference: Feenstra, Robert C., Robert Inklaar and Marcel P. Timmer (2015), "The Next Generation of the Penn World Table" American Economic Review, 105(10), 3150-3182, available for download at www.ggdc.net/pwt For more information, see http://www.rug.nl/research/ggdc/data/pwt/.
Source ID: csh_r When using these data in your research, please make the following reference: Feenstra, Robert C., Robert Inklaar and Marcel P. Timmer (2015), "The Next Generation of the Penn World Table" American Economic Review, 105(10), 3150-3182, available for download at www.ggdc.net/pwt For more information, see http://www.rug.nl/research/ggdc/data/pwt/.
Source ID: csh_r When using these data in your research, please make the following reference: Feenstra, Robert C., Robert Inklaar and Marcel P. Timmer (2015), "The Next Generation of the Penn World Table" American Economic Review, 105(10), 3150-3182, available for download at www.ggdc.net/pwt For more information, see http://www.rug.nl/research/ggdc/data/pwt/.