Number of African Americans living in a coded neighborhood divided by the total number of persons living in the same neighborhood. The authors calculate the data based on U.S. Census estimates for each area matched to the geocoded HOLC Neighborhoods, which are based on the geocoded renderings of the original Home Owners Loan Corporation (HOLC) maps for 149 cities.

Number of African Americans living in a coded neighborhood divided by the total number of persons living in the same neighborhood. The authors calculate the data based on U.S. Census estimates for each area matched to the geocoded HOLC Neighborhoods, which are based on the geocoded renderings of the original Home Owners Loan Corporation (HOLC) maps for 149 cities.

Number of African Americans living in a coded neighborhood divided by the total number of persons living in the same neighborhood. The authors calculate the data based on U.S. Census estimates for each area matched to the geocoded HOLC Neighborhoods, which are based on the geocoded renderings of the original Home Owners Loan Corporation (HOLC) maps for 149 cities.

Number of African Americans living in a coded neighborhood divided by the total number of persons living in the same neighborhood. The authors calculate the data based on U.S. Census estimates for each area matched to the geocoded HOLC Neighborhoods, which are based on the geocoded renderings of the original Home Owners Loan Corporation (HOLC) maps for 149 cities.

Number of foreign born persons living in a coded neighborhood divided by the total number of persons living in the same neighborhood. The authors calculate the data based on U.S. Census estimates for each area matched to the geocoded HOLC Neighborhoods, which are based on the geocoded renderings of the original Home Owners Loan Corporation (HOLC) maps for 149 cities.

Number of foreign born persons living in a coded neighborhood divided by the total number of persons living in the same neighborhood. The authors calculate the data based on U.S. Census estimates for each area matched to the geocoded HOLC Neighborhoods, which are based on the geocoded renderings of the original Home Owners Loan Corporation (HOLC) maps for 149 cities.

Number of foreign born persons living in a coded neighborhood divided by the total number of persons living in the same neighborhood. The authors calculate the data based on U.S. Census estimates for each area matched to the geocoded HOLC Neighborhoods, which are based on the geocoded renderings of the original Home Owners Loan Corporation (HOLC) maps for 149 cities.

Number of foreign born persons living in a coded neighborhood divided by the total number of persons living in the same neighborhood. The authors calculate the data based on U.S. Census estimates for each area matched to the geocoded HOLC Neighborhoods, which are based on the geocoded renderings of the original Home Owners Loan Corporation (HOLC) maps for 149 cities.

Number of households that are occupied by owners in a coded neighborhood, divided by the total number of occupied households. The authors calculate the data based on U.S. Census estimates for each area matched to the geocoded HOLC Neighborhoods, which are based on the geocoded renderings of the original Home Owners Loan Corporation (HOLC) maps for 149 cities.

Number of households that are occupied by owners in a coded neighborhood, divided by the total number of occupied households. The authors calculate the data based on U.S. Census estimates for each area matched to the geocoded HOLC Neighborhoods, which are based on the geocoded renderings of the original Home Owners Loan Corporation (HOLC) maps for 149 cities.

Number of households that are occupied by owners in a coded neighborhood, divided by the total number of occupied households. The authors calculate the data based on U.S. Census estimates for each area matched to the geocoded HOLC Neighborhoods, which are based on the geocoded renderings of the original Home Owners Loan Corporation (HOLC) maps for 149 cities.

Number of households that are occupied by owners in a coded neighborhood, divided by the total number of occupied households. The authors calculate the data based on U.S. Census estimates for each area matched to the geocoded HOLC Neighborhoods, which are based on the geocoded renderings of the original Home Owners Loan Corporation (HOLC) maps for 149 cities.

Median dollar value (in thousands) of real estate property (house and lot) in a coded neighborhood. The authors calculate the data based on U.S. Census estimates for each area matched to the geocoded HOLC Neighborhoods, which are based on the geocoded renderings of the original Home Owners Loan Corporation (HOLC) maps for 149 cities.

Median dollar value (in thousands) of real estate property (house and lot) in a coded neighborhood. The authors calculate the data based on U.S. Census estimates for each area matched to the geocoded HOLC Neighborhoods, which are based on the geocoded renderings of the original Home Owners Loan Corporation (HOLC) maps for 149 cities.

Median dollar value (in thousands) of real estate property (house and lot) in a coded neighborhood. The authors calculate the data based on U.S. Census estimates for each area matched to the geocoded HOLC Neighborhoods, which are based on the geocoded renderings of the original Home Owners Loan Corporation (HOLC) maps for 149 cities.

Median dollar value (in thousands) of real estate property (house and lot) in a coded neighborhood. The authors calculate the data based on U.S. Census estimates for each area matched to the geocoded HOLC Neighborhoods, which are based on the geocoded renderings of the original Home Owners Loan Corporation (HOLC) maps for 149 cities.

Dollar amount of the contract rent plus the estimated average monthly cost of utilities (electricity, gas, and water and sewer) and fuels (oil, coal, kerosene, wood, etc.) if these are paid for by the renter (or paid for the renter by someone else). The authors calculate the data based on U.S. Census estimates for each area matched to the geocoded HOLC Neighborhoods, which are based on the geocoded renderings of the original Home Owners Loan Corporation (HOLC) maps for 149 cities.

Dollar amount of the contract rent plus the estimated average monthly cost of utilities (electricity, gas, and water and sewer) and fuels (oil, coal, kerosene, wood, etc.) if these are paid for by the renter (or paid for the renter by someone else). The authors calculate the data based on U.S. Census estimates for each area matched to the geocoded HOLC Neighborhoods, which are based on the geocoded renderings of the original Home Owners Loan Corporation (HOLC) maps for 149 cities.

Dollar amount of the contract rent plus the estimated average monthly cost of utilities (electricity, gas, and water and sewer) and fuels (oil, coal, kerosene, wood, etc.) if these are paid for by the renter (or paid for the renter by someone else). The authors calculate the data based on U.S. Census estimates for each area matched to the geocoded HOLC Neighborhoods, which are based on the geocoded renderings of the original Home Owners Loan Corporation (HOLC) maps for 149 cities.

Dollar amount of the contract rent plus the estimated average monthly cost of utilities (electricity, gas, and water and sewer) and fuels (oil, coal, kerosene, wood, etc.) if these are paid for by the renter (or paid for the renter by someone else). The authors calculate the data based on U.S. Census estimates for each area matched to the geocoded HOLC Neighborhoods, which are based on the geocoded renderings of the original Home Owners Loan Corporation (HOLC) maps for 149 cities.

Income before taxes refers to the total money earnings and selected money receipts during the 12 months prior to the interview date. For more details about the data or the survey, visit the FAQs (https://www.bls.gov/cex/csxfaqs.htm).

Income before taxes refers to the total money earnings and selected money receipts during the 12 months prior to the interview date. A consumer unit comprises either: (1) all members of a particular household who are related by blood, marriage, adoption, or other legal arrangements; (2) a person living alone or sharing a household with others or living as a roomer in a private home or lodging house or in permanent living quarters in a hotel or motel, but who is financially independent; or (3) two or more persons living together who use their income to make joint expenditure decisions. Financial independence is determined by the three major expense categories: Housing, food, and other living expenses. To be considered financially independent, at least two of the three major expense categories have to be provided entirely, or in part, by the respondent. For more details about the data or the survey, visit the FAQs (https://www.bls.gov/cex/csxfaqs.htm).

Income before taxes refers to the total money earnings and selected money receipts during the 12 months prior to the interview date. A consumer unit comprises either: (1) all members of a particular household who are related by blood, marriage, adoption, or other legal arrangements; (2) a person living alone or sharing a household with others or living as a roomer in a private home or lodging house or in permanent living quarters in a hotel or motel, but who is financially independent; or (3) two or more persons living together who use their income to make joint expenditure decisions. Financial independence is determined by the three major expense categories: Housing, food, and other living expenses. To be considered financially independent, at least two of the three major expense categories have to be provided entirely, or in part, by the respondent. For more details about the data or the survey, visit the FAQs (https://www.bls.gov/cex/csxfaqs.htm).

Income before taxes refers to the total money earnings and selected money receipts during the 12 months prior to the interview date. A consumer unit comprises either: (1) all members of a particular household who are related by blood, marriage, adoption, or other legal arrangements; (2) a person living alone or sharing a household with others or living as a roomer in a private home or lodging house or in permanent living quarters in a hotel or motel, but who is financially independent; or (3) two or more persons living together who use their income to make joint expenditure decisions. Financial independence is determined by the three major expense categories: Housing, food, and other living expenses. To be considered financially independent, at least two of the three major expense categories have to be provided entirely, or in part, by the respondent. For more details about the data or the survey, visit the FAQs (https://www.bls.gov/cex/csxfaqs.htm).

Calendar year average. This series was constructed by the Bank of England as part of the Three Centuries of Macroeconomic Data project by combining data from a number of academic and official sources. For more information, please refer to the Three Centuries spreadsheet at https://www.bankofengland.co.uk/statistics/research-datasets. Users are advised to check the underlying assumptions behind this series in the relevant worksheets of the spreadsheet. In many cases alternative assumptions might be appropriate. Users are permitted to reproduce this series in their own work as it represents Bank calculations and manipulations of underlying series that are the copyright of the Bank of England provided that underlying sources are cited appropriately. For appropriate citation please see the Three Centuries spreadsheet for guidance and a list of the underlying sources.

Income before taxes refers to the total money earnings and selected money receipts during the 12 months prior to the interview date. For more details about the data or the survey, visit the FAQs (https://www.bls.gov/cex/csxfaqs.htm).

Income before taxes refers to the total money earnings and selected money receipts during the 12 months prior to the interview date. For more details about the data or the survey, visit the FAQs (https://www.bls.gov/cex/csxfaqs.htm).

Income before taxes refers to the total money earnings and selected money receipts during the 12 months prior to the interview date. For more details about the data or the survey, visit the FAQs (https://www.bls.gov/cex/csxfaqs.htm).

Income before taxes refers to the total money earnings and selected money receipts during the 12 months prior to the interview date. For more details about the data or the survey, visit the FAQs (https://www.bls.gov/cex/csxfaqs.htm).

Income before taxes refers to the total money earnings and selected money receipts during the 12 months prior to the interview date. For more details about the data or the survey, visit the FAQs (https://www.bls.gov/cex/csxfaqs.htm).

Income before taxes refers to the total money earnings and selected money receipts during the 12 months prior to the interview date. For more details about the data or the survey, visit the FAQs (https://www.bls.gov/cex/csxfaqs.htm).

Income before taxes refers to the total money earnings and selected money receipts during the 12 months prior to the interview date. For more details about the data or the survey, visit the FAQs (https://www.bls.gov/cex/csxfaqs.htm).

Income before taxes refers to the total money earnings and selected money receipts during the 12 months prior to the interview date. For more details about the data or the survey, visit the FAQs (https://www.bls.gov/cex/csxfaqs.htm).

Income before taxes refers to the total money earnings and selected money receipts during the 12 months prior to the interview date. For more details about the data or the survey, visit the FAQs (https://www.bls.gov/cex/csxfaqs.htm).

Income before taxes refers to the total money earnings and selected money receipts during the 12 months prior to the interview date. For more details about the data or the survey, visit the FAQs (https://www.bls.gov/cex/csxfaqs.htm).

Income before taxes refers to the total money earnings and selected money receipts during the 12 months prior to the interview date. For more details about the data or the survey, visit the FAQs (https://www.bls.gov/cex/csxfaqs.htm).

Income before taxes refers to the total money earnings and selected money receipts during the 12 months prior to the interview date. For more details about the data or the survey, visit the FAQs (https://www.bls.gov/cex/csxfaqs.htm).

Income before taxes refers to the total money earnings and selected money receipts during the 12 months prior to the interview date. For more details about the data or the survey, visit the FAQs (https://www.bls.gov/cex/csxfaqs.htm).

Income before taxes refers to the total money earnings and selected money receipts during the 12 months prior to the interview date. For more details about the data or the survey, visit the FAQs (https://www.bls.gov/cex/csxfaqs.htm).

Value of all traded shares of the top ten traded companies as a share of total value of all traded shares in a stock market exchange. (World Federation of Exchanges) Source Code: GFDD.AM.01

Value of all traded shares of the top ten traded companies as a share of total value of all traded shares in a stock market exchange. (World Federation of Exchanges) Source Code: GFDD.AM.01

Value of all traded shares of the top ten traded companies as a share of total value of all traded shares in a stock market exchange. (World Federation of Exchanges) Source Code: GFDD.AM.01

Value of all traded shares of the top ten traded companies as a share of total value of all traded shares in a stock market exchange. (World Federation of Exchanges) Source Code: GFDD.AM.01

Value of all traded shares of the top ten traded companies as a share of total value of all traded shares in a stock market exchange. (World Federation of Exchanges) Source Code: GFDD.AM.01

Value of all traded shares of the top ten traded companies as a share of total value of all traded shares in a stock market exchange. (World Federation of Exchanges) Source Code: GFDD.AM.01

Value of all traded shares of the top ten traded companies as a share of total value of all traded shares in a stock market exchange. (World Federation of Exchanges) Source Code: GFDD.AM.01

Value of all traded shares of the top ten traded companies as a share of total value of all traded shares in a stock market exchange. (World Federation of Exchanges) Source Code: GFDD.AM.01

Value of all traded shares of the top ten traded companies as a share of total value of all traded shares in a stock market exchange. (World Federation of Exchanges) Source Code: GFDD.AM.01

Value of all traded shares of the top ten traded companies as a share of total value of all traded shares in a stock market exchange. (World Federation of Exchanges) Source Code: GFDD.AM.01

Value of all traded shares of the top ten traded companies as a share of total value of all traded shares in a stock market exchange. (World Federation of Exchanges) Source Code: GFDD.AM.01

Value of all traded shares of the top ten traded companies as a share of total value of all traded shares in a stock market exchange. (World Federation of Exchanges) Source Code: GFDD.AM.01

Value of all traded shares of the top ten traded companies as a share of total value of all traded shares in a stock market exchange. (World Federation of Exchanges) Source Code: GFDD.AM.01

Value of all traded shares of the top ten traded companies as a share of total value of all traded shares in a stock market exchange. (World Federation of Exchanges) Source Code: GFDD.AM.01

Value of all traded shares of the top ten traded companies as a share of total value of all traded shares in a stock market exchange. (World Federation of Exchanges) Source Code: GFDD.AM.01

Value of all traded shares of the top ten traded companies as a share of total value of all traded shares in a stock market exchange. (World Federation of Exchanges) Source Code: GFDD.AM.01

Income before taxes refers to the total money earnings and selected money receipts during the 12 months prior to the interview date. For more details about the data or the survey, visit the FAQs (https://www.bls.gov/cex/csxfaqs.htm).

Income before taxes refers to the total money earnings and selected money receipts during the 12 months prior to the interview date. For more details about the data or the survey, visit the FAQs (https://www.bls.gov/cex/csxfaqs.htm).

Income before taxes refers to the total money earnings and selected money receipts during the 12 months prior to the interview date. For more details about the data or the survey, visit the FAQs (https://www.bls.gov/cex/csxfaqs.htm).

Income before taxes refers to the total money earnings and selected money receipts during the 12 months prior to the interview date. For more details about the data or the survey, visit the FAQs (https://www.bls.gov/cex/csxfaqs.htm).

Income before taxes refers to the total money earnings and selected money receipts during the 12 months prior to the interview date. For more details about the data or the survey, visit the FAQs (https://www.bls.gov/cex/csxfaqs.htm).