This series was constructed by the Bank of England as part of the Three Centuries of Macroeconomic Data project by combining data from a number of academic and official sources. For more information, please refer to the Three Centuries spreadsheet at https://www.bankofengland.co.uk/statistics/research-datasets. Users are advised to check the underlying assumptions behind this series in the relevant worksheets of the spreadsheet. In many cases alternative assumptions might be appropriate. Users are permitted to reproduce this series in their own work as it represents Bank calculations and manipulations of underlying series that are the copyright of the Bank of England provided that underlying sources are cited appropriately. For appropriate citation please see the Three Centuries spreadsheet for guidance and a list of the underlying sources.
Approximate percent difference from trend. The HP filter was applied to the natural logarithm of GDP and the cyclical component was then multiplied by 100. This series was constructed by the Bank of England as part of the Three Centuries of Macroeconomic Data project by combining data from a number of academic and official sources. For more information, please refer to the Three Centuries spreadsheet at https://www.bankofengland.co.uk/statistics/research-datasets. Users are advised to check the underlying assumptions behind this series in the relevant worksheets of the spreadsheet. In many cases alternative assumptions might be appropriate. Users are permitted to reproduce this series in their own work as it represents Bank calculations and manipulations of underlying series that are the copyright of the Bank of England provided that underlying sources are cited appropriately. For appropriate citation please see the Three Centuries spreadsheet for guidance and a list of the underlying sources.
Break-adjusted measure intended for users who need a series without classification or geographical breaks for use in appropriate econometric work where, for example, the series will be log-differenced or log-linearised around a trend. This series was constructed by the Bank of England as part of the Three Centuries of Macroeconomic Data project by combining data from a number of academic and official sources. For more information, please refer to the Three Centuries spreadsheet at https://www.bankofengland.co.uk/statistics/research-datasets. Users are advised to check the underlying assumptions behind this series in the relevant worksheets of the spreadsheet. In many cases alternative assumptions might be appropriate. Provided that the underlying sources of the data are acknowledged and cited appropriately users are permitted to reproduce this series in their own work as it is based on Bank calculations and manipulations of underlying series that are the copyright of the Bank of England. For appropriate citation please see the Three Centuries spreadsheet for guidance and a list of the underlying sources.
This measure retains the level break in the series in 1920 resulting from the creation of South Ireland. This can be used for constructing ratios to nominal GDP if the user needs Southern Irish incomes to be included in the denominator prior to 1920. This series was constructed by the Bank of England as part of the Three Centuries of Macroeconomic Data project by combining data from a number of academic and official sources. For more information, please refer to the Three Centuries spreadsheet at https://www.bankofengland.co.uk/statistics/research-datasets. Users are advised to check the underlying assumptions behind this series in the relevant worksheets of the spreadsheet. In many cases alternative assumptions might be appropriate. Users are permitted to reproduce this series in their own work as it represents Bank calculations and manipulations of underlying series that are the copyright of the Bank of England provided that underlying sources are cited appropriately. For appropriate citation please see the Three Centuries spreadsheet for guidance and a list of the underlying sources.
Break-adjusted measure intended for users who need a series without classification or geographical breaks for use in appropriate econometric work where, for example, the series will be log-differenced or log-linearised around a trend. This series was constructed by the Bank of England as part of the Three Centuries of Macroeconomic Data project by combining data from a number of academic and official sources. For more information, please refer to the Three Centuries spreadsheet at https://www.bankofengland.co.uk/statistics/research-datasets. Users are advised to check the underlying assumptions behind this series in the relevant worksheets of the spreadsheet. In many cases alternative assumptions might be appropriate. Users are permitted to reproduce this series in their own work as it represents Bank calculations and manipulations of underlying series that are the copyright of the Bank of England provided that underlying sources are cited appropriately. For appropriate citation please see the Three Centuries spreadsheet for guidance and a list of the underlying sources.
Break-adjusted measure intended for users who need a series without classification or geographical breaks for use in appropriate econometric work where, for example, the series will be log-differenced or log-linearised around a trend. This series was constructed by the Bank of England as part of the Three Centuries of Macroeconomic Data project by combining data from a number of academic and official sources. For more information, please refer to the Three Centuries spreadsheet at https://www.bankofengland.co.uk/statistics/research-datasets. Users are advised to check the underlying assumptions behind this series in the relevant worksheets of the spreadsheet. In many cases alternative assumptions might be appropriate. Users are permitted to reproduce this series in their own work as it represents Bank calculations and manipulations of underlying series that are the copyright of the Bank of England provided that underlying sources are cited appropriately. For appropriate citation please see the Three Centuries spreadsheet for guidance and a list of the underlying sources.
Percentage points contribution to GDP calculated within the historical chains of data. This series was constructed by the Bank of England as part of the Three Centuries of Macroeconomic Data project by combining data from a number of academic and official sources. For more information, please refer to the Three Centuries spreadsheet at https://www.bankofengland.co.uk/statistics/research-datasets. Users are advised to check the underlying assumptions behind this series in the relevant worksheets of the spreadsheet. In many cases alternative assumptions might be appropriate. Users are permitted to reproduce this series in their own work as it represents Bank calculations and manipulations of underlying series that are the copyright of the Bank of England provided that underlying sources are cited appropriately. For appropriate citation please see the Three Centuries spreadsheet for guidance and a list of the underlying sources.
This series was constructed by the Bank of England as part of the Three Centuries of Macroeconomic Data project by combining data from a number of academic and official sources. For more information, please refer to the Three Centuries spreadsheet at https://www.bankofengland.co.uk/statistics/research-datasets. Users are advised to check the underlying assumptions behind this series in the relevant worksheets of the spreadsheet. In many cases alternative assumptions might be appropriate. Users are permitted to reproduce this series in their own work as it represents Bank calculations and manipulations of underlying series that are the copyright of the Bank of England provided that underlying sources are cited appropriately. For appropriate citation please see the Three Centuries spreadsheet for guidance and a list of the underlying sources.
BEA Account Code: A2014C For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: A1401C For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: B1011C For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: W978RC For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: W957RC For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: W953RC For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: W569RC For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: W568RC For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: W560RC For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: W555RC For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: W549RC For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: W544RC For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: W540RC For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: W538RC For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: W535RC For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: Y334RC A Guide to the National Income and Product Accounts of the United States (NIPA) - (http://www.bea.gov/national/pdf/nipaguid.pdf)
BEA Account Code: Y330RC A Guide to the National Income and Product Accounts of the United States (NIPA) - (http://www.bea.gov/national/pdf/nipaguid.pdf)
BEA Account Code: Y327RC A Guide to the National Income and Product Accounts of the United States (NIPA) - (http://www.bea.gov/national/pdf/nipaguid.pdf)
BEA Account Code: Y324RC A Guide to the National Income and Product Accounts of the United States (NIPA) - (http://www.bea.gov/national/pdf/nipaguid.pdf)
BEA Account Code: Y318RC A Guide to the National Income and Product Accounts of the United States (NIPA) - (http://www.bea.gov/national/pdf/nipaguid.pdf)
BEA Account Code: Y315RC A Guide to the National Income and Product Accounts of the United States (NIPA) - (http://www.bea.gov/national/pdf/nipaguid.pdf)
BEA Account Code: Y314RC A Guide to the National Income and Product Accounts of the United States (NIPA) - (http://www.bea.gov/national/pdf/nipaguid.pdf)
BEA Account Code: Y309RC A Guide to the National Income and Product Accounts of the United States (NIPA) - (http://www.bea.gov/national/pdf/nipaguid.pdf)
BEA Account Code: Y308RC A Guide to the National Income and Product Accounts of the United States (NIPA) - (http://www.bea.gov/national/pdf/nipaguid.pdf)
BEA Account Code: Y306RC A Guide to the National Income and Product Accounts of the United States (NIPA) - (http://www.bea.gov/national/pdf/nipaguid.pdf)
BEA Account Code: Y299RC A Guide to the National Income and Product Accounts of the United States (NIPA) - (http://www.bea.gov/national/pdf/nipaguid.pdf)
BEA Account Code: W532RC For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: W528RC For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: W520RC For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: W517RC For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: W515RC For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: W513RC For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: W510RC For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: W503RC For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: W498RC For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: W361RC For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: W251RC For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: W249RC For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: A3274C For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: A4081C For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: A2026C For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: A038RE For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: W192RC For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: W165RC For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: W154RC For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: W056RE For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: S21020 For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: S12100 A Guide to the National Income and Product Accounts of the United States (NIPA) - (http://www.bea.gov/national/pdf/nipaguid.pdf)
BEA Account Code: TRP350 For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: Y506RC A Guide to the National Income and Product Accounts of the United States (NIPA) - (http://www.bea.gov/national/pdf/nipaguid.pdf)
BEA Account Code: W274RE For more information about this series, please see http://www.bea.gov/national/.
BEA Account Code: Y682RC A Guide to the National Income and Product Accounts of the United States (NIPA) - (http://www.bea.gov/national/pdf/nipaguid.pdf)