OECD Descriptor ID: LFHUADMA OECD unit ID: PER OECD country ID: ESP All OECD data should be cited as follows: OECD, "Main Economic Indicators - complete database", Main Economic Indicators (database), https://dx.doi.org/10.1787/data-00052-en (Accessed on date) Copyright, 2016, OECD. Reprinted with permission

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The unemployment rate represents the number unemployed as a percent of the labor force. The series comes from the 'Current Population Survey (Household Survey)'.

People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of the following criteria: they had no employment during the reference week; they were available for work at that time; and they made specific efforts to find employment sometime during the 4-week period ending with the reference week. Persons laid off from a job and expecting recall need not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The unemployment data derived from the household survey in no way depend upon the eligibility for or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits. The series comes from the 'Current Population Survey (Household Survey)'.

The unemployment rate represents the number unemployed as a percent of the labor force. To obtain estimates of women worker employment, the ratio of weighted women employees to the weighted all employees in the sample is assumed to equal the same ratio in the universe. The current month's women worker ratio, thus, is estimated and then multiplied by the all-employee estimate. The weighted-difference-link-and-taper formula (described in the source) is used to estimate the current month's women worker ratio. This formula adds the change in the matched sample's women worker ratio (the weighted-difference link) to the prior month's estimate, which has been slightly modified to reflect changes in the sample composition (the taper).

People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of the following criteria: they had no employment during the reference week; they were available for work at that time; and they made specific efforts to find employment sometime during the 4-week period ending with the reference week. Persons laid off from a job and expecting recall need not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The unemployment data derived from the household survey in no way depend upon the eligibility for or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits. To obtain estimates of women worker employment, the ratio of weighted women employees to the weighted all employees in the sample is assumed to equal the same ratio in the universe. The current month's women worker ratio, thus, is estimated and then multiplied by the all-employee estimate. The weighted-difference-link-and-taper formula (described in the source) is used to estimate the current month's women worker ratio. This formula adds the change in the matched sample's women worker ratio (the weighted-difference link) to the prior month's estimate, which has been slightly modified to reflect changes in the sample composition (the taper).

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Series Is Presented Here As Three Variables--(1)--Original Data, 1929-1944 (2)--Original Data, 1940-1957 (3)--Original Data, 1947-1966. Unemployment Means The Difference Between The Number Of Persons In The Labor Force And The Number Of Persons Working. Negative Unemployment Arises During Periods Of High Industrial Activity When There Are Persons At Work Who Are Not Ordinarily Counted As Members Of The Labor Force (Economic Almanic, 1946-1947, P. 269). " Source: National Industrial Conference Board, Data For 1929: The Conference Board Economic Record, March 20, 1940; Data For 1930-1944: The Economic Almanac For 1945-1946. This NBER data series m08084a appears on the NBER website in Chapter 8 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter08.html. NBER Indicator: m08084a

Series Is Presented Here As Three Variables--(1)--Original Data, 1929-1944 (2)--Original Data, 1940-1957 (3)--Original Data, 1947-1966. Unemployment Means The Difference Between The Number Of Persons In The Labor Force And The Number Of Persons Working. Negative Unemployment Arises Beginning June 1947, Figures Are Unrounded. Coal And Steel Strikes Ending In November 1949 Accounted For High Unemployment In October 1949. Also, A Large Number Of Coaal Miners And Steel Workers, Reported As Looking For Work In October, Were Later Classified As "With A Job But Not At Work," Which Led To The Decline In Unemployment In November (See Monthly Labor Review, Bls, December 1949). The Usual Decline In Unemployment From September To October Did Not Occur In 1949. Therefore The Use Of The Low Seasonal Index Distorted The Seasonally Adjusted Figures For October. The Sample Was Changed In January 1954 To 230-Area Sample. Figures For 1953 Were Revised Accordingly From September-December So The Series Is Continuous (For The Unrevised Figures See Current Population Report, P-50, No. 59, 1954 Anual, P. 53). The Sample Changed Again In May 1956 To A 330-Area Sample. Figures On The Old Sample Basis Are-- Original, 2.58; Adjusted, 2.77. Source: Bureau Of The Census, Monthly Report On The Labor Force, Data For 1940-1946: Report For 1940-1946, Series P-50, No. 2; Data For January-June 1947: Series P-57, No. 79, February 4, 1949; Data For July-December 1947: No. 84, July 8, 1949; For 1948-1952: No. 86, September 13, 1949, And Following Issues Through No. 139; For 1953-1957: No. 151, February 1955, And Following Issues. This NBER data series m08084b appears on the NBER website in Chapter 8 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter08.html. NBER Indicator: m08084b

Data Are Averages Of Weekly Figures. Split-Weeks Are Prorated According To The Number Of Days In The Month. Alaska And Hawaii Are Covered For The Entire Period; Puerto Rico Is Not Included. Source: U.S. Department Of Labor, Bureau Of Employment Security, Data For 1948-1961 Are From Bes Files; Data For 1962-1969 Are From"Unemployment Insurance Claims", A Weekly Publication. This NBER data series m08297 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 8 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter08.html. NBER Indicator: m08297

Series Is Presented Here As Two Variables--(1)--Original Data, 1887-1924 (2)--Original Data, 1920-1939. These Data Are Based On Returns Collected By The Board Of Trade And The Ministry Of Labour From Various Trade Unions Which Paid Unemployment Benefits. Persons On Strike, Locked Out, Sick, Or Superannuated Are Excluded. The Percentages For Some Of The Earlier Years Are Partly Computed From The Expenditures Of The Several Unions On Unemployment Benefit. March And April 1912 Were Affected By The National Coal Dispute. In 1919, Skilled Men Permanently Engaged In Their Trades Formed A Large Proportion Of The Members Of These Trade Unions. Unemployment In The Early Part Of 1919 Was Largely Of Semi-Skilled Men Who Were Discharged From Industries Which They Had Only Entered For War Purposes. The Figures Given Here Therefore May Not Fully Indicate The Amount Of Unemployment (Labor Gazette, January 20, P.3). April-June, 1921 Data Exclude The Coal Miners' Stoppage In Industry. 1924 Data Include Pottery And Are A Continuation Of Earlier Data. Labour Gazette Discontinued Pottery Trade Operations At End Of May 1924 But No Change Is Made In Data For March-May 1924 For Exclusion In Both The Abstract And The Gazette. The Gazette States That At The Time The Figures Were Not Yet Available. Source: Board Of Trade, Labour Department (Later Changed To Ministry Of Labour), Abstract Of Labor Statistics Of The United Kingdom, Especially 21St Abstract, 1919-1933. This NBER data series m08002aa appears on the NBER website in Chapter 8 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter08.html. NBER Indicator: m08002aa

Series Is Presented Here As Two Variables--(1)--Original Data, 1887-1924 (2)--Original Data, 1920-1939. There Is No Figure For October 1920 Because Of A Coal Dispute. Figures Prior To December 1921 Are Not Available For Northern Ireland. Under The Provisions Of The Widows, Orphans, And Old Age Contributory Pensions Act Of 1925, All Persons Aged 65 And Over Ceased To Be Insured Under The Unemployment Insurance Acts As Of January 2, 1928. After That Date, Such Persons Ceased To Appear In The Statistics Showing The Number Of Insured Persons Recorded As Unemployed And The Figures For 1928 And Subsequent Years Are Therefore Not Comparable With Those Of Earlier Years. For All Practical Purposes, However, The Percenatges Unemployed Can Be Regarded As Comparable Throughout. From September 1937 On, The Monthly Count Of Books Lodged Has Been Corrected By Deduction Of Those Persons Subsequently Found To Have Been In Employment. This Precaution Did Not Apply Hitherto. The Overlap Month Is September 1937. The Figure Without The Change Would Have Been 10.0. Here It Us Given As 9.7. Certain Classes Of Domestic Employments Were Included Beginning In July, 1938. The Overlap Month Is July 1938. The Figure Without The Inclusion Would Have Been 13.1. Here It Is Given As 12.9. Figures Are Exclusive Of Juveniles Under 16 And Persons Insured Under The Agricultural Scheme Who First Became Insurable In September 1934 And May 1936, Repectively. Beginning In March 1937 There Appear Special Schemes For Banking And Insurance Workers Included. Source: Ministry Of Labour, Abstract Of Labour Statistics 18Th And 21St. This NBER data series m08002ab appears on the NBER website in Chapter 8 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter08.html. NBER Indicator: m08002ab

NBER Computed Data By Adding Male And Female Unemployed, 20 Years And Older From Figures Listed In The Sources. Source: Data Were Derived By NBER, Data For 1948-1961: From "Employment And Earnings", February 1962, Summary Tables; Data For 1962-1963: Special Labor Force Reports 31 And 43; Data For 1964-1965: Monthly Report On The Labor Force (Except Data For April-June Which Come From The Bureau Of The Census.) This NBER data series m08301 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 8 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter08.html. NBER Indicator: m08301

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People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of the following criteria: they had no employment during the reference week; they were available for work at that time; and they made specific efforts to find employment sometime during the 4-week period ending with the reference week. Persons laid off from a job and expecting recall need not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The unemployment data derived from the household survey in no way depend upon the eligibility for or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits. To obtain estimates of women worker employment, the ratio of weighted women employees to the weighted all employees in the sample is assumed to equal the same ratio in the universe. The current month's women worker ratio, thus, is estimated and then multiplied by the all-employee estimate. The weighted-difference-link-and-taper formula (described in the source) is used to estimate the current month's women worker ratio. This formula adds the change in the matched sample's women worker ratio (the weighted-difference link) to the prior month's estimate, which has been slightly modified to reflect changes in the sample composition (the taper).

Source: NBER Computed Data, Rounding And Dividing Series 08313 (Nonagricultural Job Openings, Number Pending) By Series 08084 (Unemployment). This NBER data series m08342 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 8 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter08.html. NBER Indicator: m08342

The unemployment rate represents the number unemployed as a percent of the labor force. To obtain estimates of women worker employment, the ratio of weighted women employees to the weighted all employees in the sample is assumed to equal the same ratio in the universe. The current month's women worker ratio, thus, is estimated and then multiplied by the all-employee estimate. The weighted-difference-link-and-taper formula (described in the source) is used to estimate the current month's women worker ratio. This formula adds the change in the matched sample's women worker ratio (the weighted-difference link) to the prior month's estimate, which has been slightly modified to reflect changes in the sample composition (the taper).

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