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Line 1 - Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: Energy in U.S. City Average
Line 1
(a) Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: Energy in U.S. City Average, Index 1982-1984=100, Seasonally Adjusted (CPIENGSL)
Handbook of Methods - (https://www.bls.gov/opub/hom/pdf/cpihom.pdf) Understanding the CPI: Frequently Asked Questions - (http://stats.bls.gov:80/cpi/cpifaq.htm)

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    For example, invert an exchange rate by using formula 1/a, where “a” refers to the first FRED data series added to this line. Or calculate the spread between 2 interest rates, a and b, by using the formula a - b.

    Use the assigned data series variables (a, b, c, etc.) together with operators (+, -, *, /, ^, etc.), parentheses and constants (1, 1.5, 2, etc.) to create your own formula (e.g., 1/a, a-b, (a+b)/2, (a/(a+b+c))*100). As noted above, you may add other data series to this line before entering a formula.

    Finally, you can change the units of your new series.

    Select a date that will equal 100 for your custom index:
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    Line 1 - Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: Energy in U.S. City Average
    Line 2
    (a) Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: Food at Home in U.S. City Average, Index 1982-1984=100, Seasonally Adjusted (CUSR0000SAF11)

    Select a date that will equal 100 for your custom index:
      Enter date as YYYY-MM-DD
    to

    Write a custom formula to transform one or more series or combine two or more series.

    You can begin by adding a series to combine with your existing series.

    Type keywords to search for data

      Now create a custom formula to combine or transform the series.

      For example, invert an exchange rate by using formula 1/a, where “a” refers to the first FRED data series added to this line. Or calculate the spread between 2 interest rates, a and b, by using the formula a - b.

      Use the assigned data series variables (a, b, c, etc.) together with operators (+, -, *, /, ^, etc.), parentheses and constants (1, 1.5, 2, etc.) to create your own formula (e.g., 1/a, a-b, (a+b)/2, (a/(a+b+c))*100). As noted above, you may add other data series to this line before entering a formula.

      Finally, you can change the units of your new series.

      Select a date that will equal 100 for your custom index:
          Enter date as YYYY-MM-DD

      Line 1 - Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: Energy in U.S. City Average
      Line 3
      (a) Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: Rent of Primary Residence in U.S. City Average, Index 1982-1984=100, Not Seasonally Adjusted (CUUR0000SEHA)

      Select a date that will equal 100 for your custom index:
        Enter date as YYYY-MM-DD
      to

      Write a custom formula to transform one or more series or combine two or more series.

      You can begin by adding a series to combine with your existing series.

      Type keywords to search for data

        Now create a custom formula to combine or transform the series.

        For example, invert an exchange rate by using formula 1/a, where “a” refers to the first FRED data series added to this line. Or calculate the spread between 2 interest rates, a and b, by using the formula a - b.

        Use the assigned data series variables (a, b, c, etc.) together with operators (+, -, *, /, ^, etc.), parentheses and constants (1, 1.5, 2, etc.) to create your own formula (e.g., 1/a, a-b, (a+b)/2, (a/(a+b+c))*100). As noted above, you may add other data series to this line before entering a formula.

        Finally, you can change the units of your new series.

        Select a date that will equal 100 for your custom index:
            Enter date as YYYY-MM-DD

        Line 1 - Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: Energy in U.S. City Average
        Line 4
        (a) Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: Medical Care in U.S. City Average, Index 1982-1984=100, Seasonally Adjusted (CPIMEDSL)

        Select a date that will equal 100 for your custom index:
          Enter date as YYYY-MM-DD
        to

        Write a custom formula to transform one or more series or combine two or more series.

        You can begin by adding a series to combine with your existing series.

        Type keywords to search for data

          Now create a custom formula to combine or transform the series.

          For example, invert an exchange rate by using formula 1/a, where “a” refers to the first FRED data series added to this line. Or calculate the spread between 2 interest rates, a and b, by using the formula a - b.

          Use the assigned data series variables (a, b, c, etc.) together with operators (+, -, *, /, ^, etc.), parentheses and constants (1, 1.5, 2, etc.) to create your own formula (e.g., 1/a, a-b, (a+b)/2, (a/(a+b+c))*100). As noted above, you may add other data series to this line before entering a formula.

          Finally, you can change the units of your new series.

          Select a date that will equal 100 for your custom index:
              Enter date as YYYY-MM-DD

          Line 1 - Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: Energy in U.S. City Average
          Line 5
          (a) Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: Commodities in U.S. City Average, Index 1982-1984=100, Seasonally Adjusted (CUSR0000SAC)

          Select a date that will equal 100 for your custom index:
            Enter date as YYYY-MM-DD
          to

          Write a custom formula to transform one or more series or combine two or more series.

          You can begin by adding a series to combine with your existing series.

          Type keywords to search for data

            Now create a custom formula to combine or transform the series.

            For example, invert an exchange rate by using formula 1/a, where “a” refers to the first FRED data series added to this line. Or calculate the spread between 2 interest rates, a and b, by using the formula a - b.

            Use the assigned data series variables (a, b, c, etc.) together with operators (+, -, *, /, ^, etc.), parentheses and constants (1, 1.5, 2, etc.) to create your own formula (e.g., 1/a, a-b, (a+b)/2, (a/(a+b+c))*100). As noted above, you may add other data series to this line before entering a formula.

            Finally, you can change the units of your new series.

            Select a date that will equal 100 for your custom index:
                Enter date as YYYY-MM-DD

            Line 1 - Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: Energy in U.S. City Average
            Line 6
            (a) Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: All Items in U.S. City Average, Index 1982-1984=100, Seasonally Adjusted (CPIAUCSL)
            The Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: All Items (CPIAUCSL) is a price index of a basket of goods and services paid by urban consumers. Percent changes in the price index measure the inflation rate between any two time periods. The most common inflation metric is the percent change from one year ago. It can also represent the buying habits of urban consumers. This particular index includes roughly 88 percent of the total population, accounting for wage earners, clerical workers, technical workers, self-employed, short-term workers, unemployed, retirees, and those not in the labor force. The CPIs are based on prices for food, clothing, shelter, and fuels; transportation fares; service fees (e.g., water and sewer service); and sales taxes. Prices are collected monthly from about 4,000 housing units and approximately 26,000 retail establishments across 87 urban areas. To calculate the index, price changes are averaged with weights representing their importance in the spending of the particular group. The index measures price changes (as a percent change) from a predetermined reference date. In addition to the original unadjusted index distributed, the Bureau of Labor Statistics also releases a seasonally adjusted index. The unadjusted series reflects all factors that may influence a change in prices. However, it can be very useful to look at the seasonally adjusted CPI, which removes the effects of seasonal changes, such as weather, school year, production cycles, and holidays. The CPI can be used to recognize periods of inflation and deflation. Significant increases in the CPI within a short time frame might indicate a period of inflation, and significant decreases in CPI within a short time frame might indicate a period of deflation. However, because the CPI includes volatile food and oil prices, it might not be a reliable measure of inflationary and deflationary periods. For a more accurate detection, the core CPI (CPILFESL (https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/CPILFESL)) is often used. When using the CPI, please note that it is not applicable to all consumers and should not be used to determine relative living costs. Additionally, the CPI is a statistical measure vulnerable to sampling error since it is based on a sample of prices and not the complete average. For more information on the consumer price indexes, see: Bureau of Economic Analysis. "CPI Detailed Report." (https://www.bls.gov/cpi/) 2013. Handbook of Methods (https://www.bls.gov/opub/hom/pdf/cpihom.pdf) Understanding the CPI: Frequently Asked Questions (https://www.bls.gov/cpi/questions-and-answers.htm)

            Select a date that will equal 100 for your custom index:
              Enter date as YYYY-MM-DD
            to

            Write a custom formula to transform one or more series or combine two or more series.

            You can begin by adding a series to combine with your existing series.

            Type keywords to search for data

              Now create a custom formula to combine or transform the series.

              For example, invert an exchange rate by using formula 1/a, where “a” refers to the first FRED data series added to this line. Or calculate the spread between 2 interest rates, a and b, by using the formula a - b.

              Use the assigned data series variables (a, b, c, etc.) together with operators (+, -, *, /, ^, etc.), parentheses and constants (1, 1.5, 2, etc.) to create your own formula (e.g., 1/a, a-b, (a+b)/2, (a/(a+b+c))*100). As noted above, you may add other data series to this line before entering a formula.

              Finally, you can change the units of your new series.

              Select a date that will equal 100 for your custom index:
                  Enter date as YYYY-MM-DD

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              Line 1
              Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: Energy in U.S. City Average
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              Line 2
              Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: Food at Home in U.S. City Average
              Line details & color

              Line style, thickness, color and position


              Line 3
              Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: Rent of Primary Residence in U.S. City Average
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              Line 4
              Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: Medical Care in U.S. City Average
              Line details & color

              Line style, thickness, color and position


              Line 5
              Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: Commodities in U.S. City Average
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              Line style, thickness, color and position


              Line 6
              Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: All Items in U.S. City Average
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              Notes

              Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: Energy in U.S. City Average  (CPIENGSL)

              Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics  

              Release: Consumer Price Index  

              Units:  Index 1982-1984=100, Seasonally Adjusted

              Frequency:  Monthly

              Notes:

              Handbook of Methods - (https://www.bls.gov/opub/hom/pdf/cpihom.pdf) Understanding the CPI: Frequently Asked Questions - (http://stats.bls.gov:80/cpi/cpifaq.htm)

              Suggested Citation:

              U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: Energy in U.S. City Average [CPIENGSL], retrieved from FRED, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis; https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/CPIENGSL, April 4, 2025.

              Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: Food at Home in U.S. City Average  (CUSR0000SAF11)

              Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics  

              Release: Consumer Price Index  

              Units:  Index 1982-1984=100, Seasonally Adjusted

              Frequency:  Monthly

              Suggested Citation:

              U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: Food at Home in U.S. City Average [CUSR0000SAF11], retrieved from FRED, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis; https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/CUSR0000SAF11, April 4, 2025.

              Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: Rent of Primary Residence in U.S. City Average  (CUUR0000SEHA)

              Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics  

              Release: Consumer Price Index  

              Units:  Index 1982-1984=100, Not Seasonally Adjusted

              Frequency:  Monthly

              Suggested Citation:

              U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: Rent of Primary Residence in U.S. City Average [CUUR0000SEHA], retrieved from FRED, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis; https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/CUUR0000SEHA, April 4, 2025.

              Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: Medical Care in U.S. City Average  (CPIMEDSL)

              Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics  

              Release: Consumer Price Index  

              Units:  Index 1982-1984=100, Seasonally Adjusted

              Frequency:  Monthly

              Suggested Citation:

              U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: Medical Care in U.S. City Average [CPIMEDSL], retrieved from FRED, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis; https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/CPIMEDSL, April 4, 2025.

              Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: Commodities in U.S. City Average  (CUSR0000SAC)

              Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics  

              Release: Consumer Price Index  

              Units:  Index 1982-1984=100, Seasonally Adjusted

              Frequency:  Monthly

              Suggested Citation:

              U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: Commodities in U.S. City Average [CUSR0000SAC], retrieved from FRED, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis; https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/CUSR0000SAC, April 4, 2025.

              Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: All Items in U.S. City Average  (CPIAUCSL)

              Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics  

              Release: Consumer Price Index  

              Units:  Index 1982-1984=100, Seasonally Adjusted

              Frequency:  Monthly

              Notes:

              The Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: All Items (CPIAUCSL) is a price index of a basket of goods and services paid by urban consumers. Percent changes in the price index measure the inflation rate between any two time periods. The most common inflation metric is the percent change from one year ago. It can also represent the buying habits of urban consumers. This particular index includes roughly 88 percent of the total population, accounting for wage earners, clerical workers, technical workers, self-employed, short-term workers, unemployed, retirees, and those not in the labor force.

              The CPIs are based on prices for food, clothing, shelter, and fuels; transportation fares; service fees (e.g., water and sewer service); and sales taxes. Prices are collected monthly from about 4,000 housing units and approximately 26,000 retail establishments across 87 urban areas. To calculate the index, price changes are averaged with weights representing their importance in the spending of the particular group. The index measures price changes (as a percent change) from a predetermined reference date. In addition to the original unadjusted index distributed, the Bureau of Labor Statistics also releases a seasonally adjusted index. The unadjusted series reflects all factors that may influence a change in prices. However, it can be very useful to look at the seasonally adjusted CPI, which removes the effects of seasonal changes, such as weather, school year, production cycles, and holidays.

              The CPI can be used to recognize periods of inflation and deflation. Significant increases in the CPI within a short time frame might indicate a period of inflation, and significant decreases in CPI within a short time frame might indicate a period of deflation. However, because the CPI includes volatile food and oil prices, it might not be a reliable measure of inflationary and deflationary periods. For a more accurate detection, the core CPI (CPILFESL) is often used. When using the CPI, please note that it is not applicable to all consumers and should not be used to determine relative living costs. Additionally, the CPI is a statistical measure vulnerable to sampling error since it is based on a sample of prices and not the complete average.

              For more information on the consumer price indexes, see:
              Bureau of Economic Analysis. "CPI Detailed Report." 2013.
              Handbook of Methods
              Understanding the CPI: Frequently Asked Questions

              Suggested Citation:

              U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: All Items in U.S. City Average [CPIAUCSL], retrieved from FRED, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis; https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/CPIAUCSL, April 4, 2025.

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              Consumer Price Index

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              Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: Energy in U.S. City Average

              Monthly, Not Seasonally Adjusted Semiannual, Not Seasonally Adjusted

              Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: Food at Home in U.S. City Average

              Monthly, Not Seasonally Adjusted Semiannual, Not Seasonally Adjusted

              Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: Rent of Primary Residence in U.S. City Average

              Monthly, Seasonally Adjusted Semiannual, Not Seasonally Adjusted

              Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: Medical Care in U.S. City Average

              Monthly, Not Seasonally Adjusted Semiannual, Not Seasonally Adjusted

              Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: Commodities in U.S. City Average

              Monthly, Not Seasonally Adjusted Semiannual, Not Seasonally Adjusted

              Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: All Items in U.S. City Average

              Monthly, Not Seasonally Adjusted Semiannual, Not Seasonally Adjusted

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              Special Indexes Consumer Price Indexes (CPI and PCE) Prices Food and Beverages Housing Medical Care Commodity and Services Groups

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              Energy Urban Consumer Consumer Price Index Inflation Price Index Indexes Price Seasonally Adjusted Bureau of Labor Statistics Monthly Nation Public Domain: Citation Requested United States of America Food Housing Primary Rent Not Seasonally Adjusted Medical Commodities Headline Figure Average All Items

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