Brave-Butters-Kelley Irregular Component of GDP (BBKQIR)

Q4 2025: -0.74887
Updated: Apr 13, 2026 7:32 AM CDT
Q4 2025:  -0.74887  
Q3 2025:  2.30707  
Q2 2025:  2.34859  
Q1 2025:  -3.24378  
Q4 2024:  0.03412  
View All

Units:

Annualized Percent Change from Preceding Period,
Seasonally Adjusted

Frequency:

Quarterly

Fullscreen

Notes

Source: Indiana University: Indiana Business Research Center  

Release: Brave-Butters-Kelley Indexes  

Units:  Annualized Percent Change from Preceding Period, Seasonally Adjusted

Frequency:  Quarterly

Notes:

The Brave-Butters-Kelley Indexes (BBKI) are the byproduct of research originally conducted by the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago. Currently, the BBKI are maintained and produced by the Indiana Business Research Center at the Kelley School of Business at Indiana University. The BBK Coincident and Leading Indexes and Monthly GDP Growth for the U.S. are constructed from a collapsed dynamic factor analysis of a panel of 490 monthly measures of real economic activity and quarterly real GDP growth.

The irregular component of GDP is expressed in annualized real GDP growth equivalent units.

This quarterly series is aggregated from the monthly version of the series (BBKMIR), using the triangle average described in Brave, Butters, and Kelley (2019) to approximate quarterly annualized (log) percent changes from the monthly series.

For more details, see also:
Brave, Scott A., Ross Cole, and David Kelley, 2019, A 'big data' view of the U.S. economy: Introducing the Brave-Butters-Kelley Indexes, Chicago Fed Letter, Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, No. 422. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.21033/cfl-2019-422
Brave, Scott A., R. Andrew Butters, and David Kelley, 2019, A new 'big data' index of U.S. economic activity, Economic Perspectives, Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, Vol. 43, No. 1. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.21033/ep-2019-1

Suggested Citation:

Indiana University. Indiana Business Research Center, Brave-Butters-Kelley Irregular Component of GDP [BBKQIR], retrieved from FRED, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis; https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/BBKQIR, .

Release Tables

Brave-Butters-Kelley Indexes

Back to Top