Series Is Presented Here As 2 Variables: (1) Original Data, 1938-41; (2) Original Data, 1947-56. Figures For 11/1946-3/1948, And 5/1950 Adjusted Downward By Source To "Eliminate Effects Of Amendments To The National Housing Act Or Of Administrative Changes Affecting The Magnitude Of These Data Series." - Letter Of 6/6/1956 To NBER By A. F. Thornton, Director, Div. Of Res. & Statistics, F.H.A. Source: Federal Housing Administration, Division Of Research And Statistics This NBER data series m02164a appears on the NBER website in Chapter 2 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter02.html. NBER Indicator: m02164a

The AD&Co US Mortgage High Yield Index crOAS, credit-and-option-adjusted spread, is an extension of the traditional OAS measure. On a set of 20 standardized, probabilistically weighted, market-and-model stress scenarios, AD&Co computes a discount rate that equates expected present value of tranche's cash flows to the observed market price; the cash flows are loss-adjusted using AD&Co's LoanDynamics Model (LDM). Investors and fund managers can use the index to assess the broad market returns, risks and opportunities available through investing in a market-weighted, passive portfolio of US mortgage credit risk transfer instruments. The Index also provides a means of comparing the returns of an actively managed portfolio against a passive, naive market portfolio as approximated by the Index. The Mid-Tier and its sub-indices allow for approximations of performance comparisons by vintage or age, across the capital stack, and by initial credit risk level and/or vintage as indicated by original attachment point. <b>Disclaimer:</b> The AD&Co U.S. Mortgage High-Yield Index serves as an informational index and is not for commercial-use purposes. The Index's accuracy, completeness, timeliness and suitability for any purpose are not guaranteed. The Index does not constitute (1) investment, legal, accounting, tax, or other professional advice or (2) any recommendation or solicitation to purchase, hold, sell, or otherwise deal in any investment. This Index has been prepared for general informational purposes, without consideration of the circumstances or objectives of any particular investor. Any reliance on the Index is at the reader's sole risk. All investment is subject to numerous risks, known and unknown. Past performance is no guarantee of future results. For investment advice, seek a qualified investment professional. Not for redistribution without permission. Note: An affiliate of Andrew Davidson & Co., Inc. engages in trading activities in investments that may be the same or similar to those featured in the Index. <b>Index Inclusion Rules</b> Only cash CAS and STACR bonds offered to the public, whether they are exchangeable or not, that have or have had IDC prices. Bond factor > = .25 Floating rate bonds only. Collateral Types 30 Year Residential. Fixed Rate: STACR-DN, DNA, HQ, HQA, HRP, CAS – C0 Tranche names – B, B1, B2, M3, M2, M1 Normally listed on GSE websites: <a href='https://crt.freddiemac.com/offerings/stacr.aspx#issuance-details'>Freddie Mac</a>, <a href='http://www.fanniemae.com/portal/funding-the-market/credit-risk/transactions.html'>Fannie Mae</a> No private placements No Child Classes (Exchangeable into) or Retained Classes (H bonds) No CIRT, ACIS, SPI Original attachment points and CAS STACR <table style='width:50%'><tr><th>Tier</th><th>Attachment Points</th><th>CAS STACR Class</th></tr><tr><td>0</td><td>> = 0.00 < .25</td><td>STACR Class B, B2; CAS Class B</td></tr><tr><td>1</td><td>> = 0.25 < .95</td><td>STACR Class B1, Old M3; CAS Class B1</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>> = 0.95 < 1.75</td><td>STACR Class M3, M2; CAS Class M2</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>> = 1.75 < 3.75</td><td>STACR Class M2, M1; CAS Class M1</td></tr><tr><td>Mid</td><td>> = 0.25 < 3.75</td><td>STACR Class Mixed; CAS Class Mixed</td></tr></table> Input data provided by Intex and ICE Data Services. © Andrew Davidson & Co., Inc. All rights reserved.

Series Is Presented Here As 2 Variables: (1) Original Data, 1938-40; (2) Original Data, 1945-56. Source: Federal Housing Administration, "Monthly Report Of Fha Insuring Operations" This NBER data series m02163a appears on the NBER website in Chapter 2 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter02.html. NBER Indicator: m02163a

For further information, please refer to the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System's H.8 release, online at http://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/h8/.

The Federal Reserve Board has discontinued this series as of October 11, 2016. More information, including possible alternative series, can be found at http://www.federalreserve.gov/feeds/h15.html. Contract interest rates on commitments for fixed-rate first mortgages. Source: Primary Mortgage Market Survey data provided by Freddie Mac. Copyright, 2016, Freddie Mac. Reprinted with permission.

The AD&Co US Mortgage High Yield Index crOAS, credit-and-option-adjusted spread, is an extension of the traditional OAS measure. On a set of 20 standardized, probabilistically weighted, market-and-model stress scenarios, AD&Co computes a discount rate that equates expected present value of tranche's cash flows to the observed market price; the cash flows are loss-adjusted using AD&Co's LoanDynamics Model (LDM). Investors and fund managers can use the index to assess the broad market returns, risks and opportunities available through investing in a market-weighted, passive portfolio of US mortgage credit risk transfer instruments. The Index also provides a means of comparing the returns of an actively managed portfolio against a passive, naive market portfolio as approximated by the Index. The Mid-Tier and its sub-indices allow for approximations of performance comparisons by vintage or age, across the capital stack, and by initial credit risk level and/or vintage as indicated by original attachment point. Until February of 2022, AD&Co has been computing crOAS relative to the Libor-swap rate curve that is set to retire in 2023. Following the prevailing market trend and starting from its February-end report, AD&Co began computing the crOAS metric relative to the Treasury-curve benchmark. Given the differences between the two rate curves, this change should account for approximately 6 to 12 bps widening in spread for the AD&Co CRT Indices. <b>Disclaimer:</b> The AD&Co U.S. Mortgage High-Yield Index serves as an informational index and is not for commercial-use purposes. The Index's accuracy, completeness, timeliness and suitability for any purpose are not guaranteed. The Index does not constitute (1) investment, legal, accounting, tax, or other professional advice or (2) any recommendation or solicitation to purchase, hold, sell, or otherwise deal in any investment. This Index has been prepared for general informational purposes, without consideration of the circumstances or objectives of any particular investor. Any reliance on the Index is at the reader's sole risk. All investment is subject to numerous risks, known and unknown. Past performance is no guarantee of future results. For investment advice, seek a qualified investment professional. Not for redistribution without permission. Note: An affiliate of Andrew Davidson & Co., Inc. engages in trading activities in investments that may be the same or similar to those featured in the Index. <b>Index Inclusion Rules</b> Only cash CAS and STACR bonds offered to the public, whether they are exchangeable or not, that have or have had IDC prices. Bond factor > = .25 Floating rate bonds only. Collateral Types 30 Year Residential. Fixed Rate: STACR-DN, DNA, HQ, HQA, HRP, CAS – C0 Tranche names – B, B1, B2, M3, M2, M1 Normally listed on GSE websites: <a href='https://crt.freddiemac.com/offerings/stacr.aspx#issuance-details'>Freddie Mac</a>, <a href='http://www.fanniemae.com/portal/funding-the-market/credit-risk/transactions.html'>Fannie Mae</a> No private placements No Child Classes (Exchangeable into) or Retained Classes (H bonds) No CIRT, ACIS, SPI Original attachment points and CAS STACR <table style='width:50%'><tr><th>Tier</th><th>Attachment Points</th><th>CAS STACR Class</th></tr><tr><td>0</td><td>> = 0.00 < .25</td><td>STACR Class B, B2; CAS Class B</td></tr><tr><td>1</td><td>> = 0.25 < .95</td><td>STACR Class B1, Old M3; CAS Class B1</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>> = 0.95 < 1.75</td><td>STACR Class M3, M2; CAS Class M2</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>> = 1.75 < 3.75</td><td>STACR Class M2, M1; CAS Class M1</td></tr><tr><td>Mid</td><td>> = 0.25 < 3.75</td><td>STACR Class Mixed; CAS Class Mixed</td></tr></table> Input data provided by Intex and ICE Data Services. © Andrew Davidson & Co., Inc. All rights reserved.

The AD&Co US Mortgage High Yield Index crOAS, credit-and-option-adjusted spread, is an extension of the traditional OAS measure. On a set of 20 standardized, probabilistically weighted, market-and-model stress scenarios, AD&Co computes a discount rate that equates expected present value of tranche's cash flows to the observed market price; the cash flows are loss-adjusted using AD&Co's LoanDynamics Model (LDM). Investors and fund managers can use the index to assess the broad market returns, risks and opportunities available through investing in a market-weighted, passive portfolio of US mortgage credit risk transfer instruments. The Index also provides a means of comparing the returns of an actively managed portfolio against a passive, naive market portfolio as approximated by the Index. The Mid-Tier and its sub-indices allow for approximations of performance comparisons by vintage or age, across the capital stack, and by initial credit risk level and/or vintage as indicated by original attachment point. Until February of 2022, AD&Co has been computing crOAS relative to the Libor-swap rate curve that is set to retire in 2023. Following the prevailing market trend and starting from its February-end report, AD&Co began computing the crOAS metric relative to the Treasury-curve benchmark. Given the differences between the two rate curves, this change should account for approximately 6 to 12 bps widening in spread for the AD&Co CRT Indices. <b>Disclaimer:</b> The AD&Co U.S. Mortgage High-Yield Index serves as an informational index and is not for commercial-use purposes. The Index's accuracy, completeness, timeliness and suitability for any purpose are not guaranteed. The Index does not constitute (1) investment, legal, accounting, tax, or other professional advice or (2) any recommendation or solicitation to purchase, hold, sell, or otherwise deal in any investment. This Index has been prepared for general informational purposes, without consideration of the circumstances or objectives of any particular investor. Any reliance on the Index is at the reader's sole risk. All investment is subject to numerous risks, known and unknown. Past performance is no guarantee of future results. For investment advice, seek a qualified investment professional. Not for redistribution without permission. Note: An affiliate of Andrew Davidson & Co., Inc. engages in trading activities in investments that may be the same or similar to those featured in the Index. <b>Index Inclusion Rules</b> Only cash CAS and STACR bonds offered to the public, whether they are exchangeable or not, that have or have had IDC prices. Bond factor > = .25 Floating rate bonds only. Collateral Types 30 Year Residential. Fixed Rate: STACR-DN, DNA, HQ, HQA, HRP, CAS – C0 Tranche names – B, B1, B2, M3, M2, M1 Normally listed on GSE websites: <a href='https://crt.freddiemac.com/offerings/stacr.aspx#issuance-details'>Freddie Mac</a>, <a href='http://www.fanniemae.com/portal/funding-the-market/credit-risk/transactions.html'>Fannie Mae</a> No private placements No Child Classes (Exchangeable into) or Retained Classes (H bonds) No CIRT, ACIS, SPI Original attachment points and CAS STACR <table style='width:50%'><tr><th>Tier</th><th>Attachment Points</th><th>CAS STACR Class</th></tr><tr><td>0</td><td>> = 0.00 < .25</td><td>STACR Class B, B2; CAS Class B</td></tr><tr><td>1</td><td>> = 0.25 < .95</td><td>STACR Class B1, Old M3; CAS Class B1</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>> = 0.95 < 1.75</td><td>STACR Class M3, M2; CAS Class M2</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>> = 1.75 < 3.75</td><td>STACR Class M2, M1; CAS Class M1</td></tr><tr><td>Mid</td><td>> = 0.25 < 3.75</td><td>STACR Class Mixed; CAS Class Mixed</td></tr></table> Input data provided by Intex and ICE Data Services. © Andrew Davidson & Co., Inc. All rights reserved.

The AD&Co US Mortgage High Yield Index (USMHY) tracks the total return of the bonds issued within the CRT programs of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. USMHY is an informational, investment-oriented monthly index of the return components: price, coupon, paydown, and credit loss. Accompanied by standard risk metrics from our models, the index is useful for comparisons with individual CRT bonds or relative value to other credit markets. Investors and fund managers can use the index to assess the broad market returns, risks and opportunities available through investing in a market-weighted, passive portfolio of US mortgage credit risk transfer instruments. The Index also provides a means of comparing the returns of an actively managed portfolio against a passive, naive market portfolio as approximated by the Index. The Mid-Tier and its sub-indices allow for approximations of performance comparisons by vintage or age, across the capital stack, and by initial credit risk level and/or vintage as indicated by original attachment point. <b>Disclaimer:</b> The AD&Co U.S. Mortgage High-Yield Index serves as an informational index and is not for commercial-use purposes. The Index's accuracy, completeness, timeliness and suitability for any purpose are not guaranteed. The Index does not constitute (1) investment, legal, accounting, tax, or other professional advice or (2) any recommendation or solicitation to purchase, hold, sell, or otherwise deal in any investment. This Index has been prepared for general informational purposes, without consideration of the circumstances or objectives of any particular investor. Any reliance on the Index is at the reader's sole risk. All investment is subject to numerous risks, known and unknown. Past performance is no guarantee of future results. For investment advice, seek a qualified investment professional. Not for redistribution without permission. Note: An affiliate of Andrew Davidson & Co., Inc. engages in trading activities in investments that may be the same or similar to those featured in the Index. <b>Index Inclusion Rules</b> Only cash CAS and STACR bonds offered to the public, whether they are exchangeable or not, that have or have had IDC prices. Bond factor > = .25 Floating rate bonds only. Collateral Types 30 Year Residential. Fixed Rate: STACR-DN, DNA, HQ, HQA, HRP, CAS – C0 Tranche names – B, B1, B2, M3, M2, M1 Normally listed on GSE websites: <a href='https://crt.freddiemac.com/offerings/stacr.aspx#issuance-details'>Freddie Mac</a>, <a href='http://www.fanniemae.com/portal/funding-the-market/credit-risk/transactions.html'>Fannie Mae</a> No private placements No Child Classes (Exchangeable into) or Retained Classes (H bonds) No CIRT, ACIS, SPI Original attachment points and CAS STACR <table style='width:50%'><tr><th>Tier</th><th>Attachment Points</th><th>CAS STACR Class</th></tr><tr><td>0</td><td>> = 0.00 < .25</td><td>STACR Class B, B2; CAS Class B</td></tr><tr><td>1</td><td>> = 0.25 < .95</td><td>STACR Class B1, Old M3; CAS Class B1</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>> = 0.95 < 1.75</td><td>STACR Class M3, M2; CAS Class M2</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>> = 1.75 < 3.75</td><td>STACR Class M2, M1; CAS Class M1</td></tr><tr><td>Mid</td><td>> = 0.25 < 3.75</td><td>STACR Class Mixed; CAS Class Mixed</td></tr></table> Input data provided by Intex and ICE Data Services. © Andrew Davidson & Co., Inc. All rights reserved.

For further information, please refer to the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System's H.8 release, online at http://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/h8/.

For further information, please refer to the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System's H.8 release, online at http://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/h8/.

The AD&Co US Mortgage High Yield Index crOAS, credit-and-option-adjusted spread, is an extension of the traditional OAS measure. On a set of 20 standardized, probabilistically weighted, market-and-model stress scenarios, AD&Co computes a discount rate that equates expected present value of tranche's cash flows to the observed market price; the cash flows are loss-adjusted using AD&Co's LoanDynamics Model (LDM). Investors and fund managers can use the index to assess the broad market returns, risks and opportunities available through investing in a market-weighted, passive portfolio of US mortgage credit risk transfer instruments. The Index also provides a means of comparing the returns of an actively managed portfolio against a passive, naive market portfolio as approximated by the Index. The Mid-Tier and its sub-indices allow for approximations of performance comparisons by vintage or age, across the capital stack, and by initial credit risk level and/or vintage as indicated by original attachment point. Until February of 2022, AD&Co has been computing crOAS relative to the Libor-swap rate curve that is set to retire in 2023. Following the prevailing market trend and starting from its February-end report, AD&Co began computing the crOAS metric relative to the Treasury-curve benchmark. Given the differences between the two rate curves, this change should account for approximately 6 to 12 bps widening in spread for the AD&Co CRT Indices. <b>Disclaimer:</b> The AD&Co U.S. Mortgage High-Yield Index serves as an informational index and is not for commercial-use purposes. The Index's accuracy, completeness, timeliness and suitability for any purpose are not guaranteed. The Index does not constitute (1) investment, legal, accounting, tax, or other professional advice or (2) any recommendation or solicitation to purchase, hold, sell, or otherwise deal in any investment. This Index has been prepared for general informational purposes, without consideration of the circumstances or objectives of any particular investor. Any reliance on the Index is at the reader's sole risk. All investment is subject to numerous risks, known and unknown. Past performance is no guarantee of future results. For investment advice, seek a qualified investment professional. Not for redistribution without permission. Note: An affiliate of Andrew Davidson & Co., Inc. engages in trading activities in investments that may be the same or similar to those featured in the Index. <b>Index Inclusion Rules</b> Only cash CAS and STACR bonds offered to the public, whether they are exchangeable or not, that have or have had IDC prices. Bond factor > = .25 Floating rate bonds only. Collateral Types 30 Year Residential. Fixed Rate: STACR-DN, DNA, HQ, HQA, HRP, CAS – C0 Tranche names – B, B1, B2, M3, M2, M1 Normally listed on GSE websites: <a href='https://crt.freddiemac.com/offerings/stacr.aspx#issuance-details'>Freddie Mac</a>, <a href='http://www.fanniemae.com/portal/funding-the-market/credit-risk/transactions.html'>Fannie Mae</a> No private placements No Child Classes (Exchangeable into) or Retained Classes (H bonds) No CIRT, ACIS, SPI Original attachment points and CAS STACR <table style='width:50%'><tr><th>Tier</th><th>Attachment Points</th><th>CAS STACR Class</th></tr><tr><td>0</td><td>> = 0.00 < .25</td><td>STACR Class B, B2; CAS Class B</td></tr><tr><td>1</td><td>> = 0.25 < .95</td><td>STACR Class B1, Old M3; CAS Class B1</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>> = 0.95 < 1.75</td><td>STACR Class M3, M2; CAS Class M2</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>> = 1.75 < 3.75</td><td>STACR Class M2, M1; CAS Class M1</td></tr><tr><td>Mid</td><td>> = 0.25 < 3.75</td><td>STACR Class Mixed; CAS Class Mixed</td></tr></table> Input data provided by Intex and ICE Data Services. © Andrew Davidson & Co., Inc. All rights reserved.

For further information, please refer to the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System's H.8 release, online at http://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/h8/.

The AD&Co US Mortgage High Yield Index crOAS, credit-and-option-adjusted spread, is an extension of the traditional OAS measure. On a set of 20 standardized, probabilistically weighted, market-and-model stress scenarios, AD&Co computes a discount rate that equates expected present value of tranche's cash flows to the observed market price; the cash flows are loss-adjusted using AD&Co's LoanDynamics Model (LDM). Investors and fund managers can use the index to assess the broad market returns, risks and opportunities available through investing in a market-weighted, passive portfolio of US mortgage credit risk transfer instruments. The Index also provides a means of comparing the returns of an actively managed portfolio against a passive, naive market portfolio as approximated by the Index. The Mid-Tier and its sub-indices allow for approximations of performance comparisons by vintage or age, across the capital stack, and by initial credit risk level and/or vintage as indicated by original attachment point. Until February of 2022, AD&Co has been computing crOAS relative to the Libor-swap rate curve that is set to retire in 2023. Following the prevailing market trend and starting from its February-end report, AD&Co began computing the crOAS metric relative to the Treasury-curve benchmark. Given the differences between the two rate curves, this change should account for approximately 6 to 12 bps widening in spread for the AD&Co CRT Indices. <b>Disclaimer:</b> The AD&Co U.S. Mortgage High-Yield Index serves as an informational index and is not for commercial-use purposes. The Index's accuracy, completeness, timeliness and suitability for any purpose are not guaranteed. The Index does not constitute (1) investment, legal, accounting, tax, or other professional advice or (2) any recommendation or solicitation to purchase, hold, sell, or otherwise deal in any investment. This Index has been prepared for general informational purposes, without consideration of the circumstances or objectives of any particular investor. Any reliance on the Index is at the reader's sole risk. All investment is subject to numerous risks, known and unknown. Past performance is no guarantee of future results. For investment advice, seek a qualified investment professional. Not for redistribution without permission. Note: An affiliate of Andrew Davidson & Co., Inc. engages in trading activities in investments that may be the same or similar to those featured in the Index. <b>Index Inclusion Rules</b> Only cash CAS and STACR bonds offered to the public, whether they are exchangeable or not, that have or have had IDC prices. Bond factor > = .25 Floating rate bonds only. Collateral Types 30 Year Residential. Fixed Rate: STACR-DN, DNA, HQ, HQA, HRP, CAS – C0 Tranche names – B, B1, B2, M3, M2, M1 Normally listed on GSE websites: <a href='https://crt.freddiemac.com/offerings/stacr.aspx#issuance-details'>Freddie Mac</a>, <a href='http://www.fanniemae.com/portal/funding-the-market/credit-risk/transactions.html'>Fannie Mae</a> No private placements No Child Classes (Exchangeable into) or Retained Classes (H bonds) No CIRT, ACIS, SPI Original attachment points and CAS STACR <table style='width:50%'><tr><th>Tier</th><th>Attachment Points</th><th>CAS STACR Class</th></tr><tr><td>0</td><td>> = 0.00 < .25</td><td>STACR Class B, B2; CAS Class B</td></tr><tr><td>1</td><td>> = 0.25 < .95</td><td>STACR Class B1, Old M3; CAS Class B1</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>> = 0.95 < 1.75</td><td>STACR Class M3, M2; CAS Class M2</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>> = 1.75 < 3.75</td><td>STACR Class M2, M1; CAS Class M1</td></tr><tr><td>Mid</td><td>> = 0.25 < 3.75</td><td>STACR Class Mixed; CAS Class Mixed</td></tr></table> Input data provided by Intex and ICE Data Services. © Andrew Davidson & Co., Inc. All rights reserved.

For further information, please refer to the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System's H.8 release, online at http://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/h8/.

Sahm Recession Indicator signals the start of a recession when the three-month moving average of the national unemployment rate (U3) (https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/UNRATE) rises by 0.50 percentage points or more relative to the minimum of the three-month averages from the previous 12 months. This indicator is based on "real-time" data, that is, the unemployment rate (and the recent history of unemployment rates) that were available in a given month. The BLS revises the unemployment rate each year at the beginning of January, when the December unemployment rate for the prior year is published. Revisions to the seasonal factors can affect estimates in recent years. Otherwise the unemployment rate does not revise.

The AD&Co US Mortgage High Yield Index (USMHY) tracks the total return of the bonds issued within the CRT programs of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. USMHY is an informational, investment-oriented monthly index of the return components: price, coupon, paydown, and credit loss. Accompanied by standard risk metrics from our models, the index is useful for comparisons with individual CRT bonds or relative value to other credit markets. Investors and fund managers can use the index to assess the broad market returns, risks and opportunities available through investing in a market-weighted, passive portfolio of US mortgage credit risk transfer instruments. The Index also provides a means of comparing the returns of an actively managed portfolio against a passive, naive market portfolio as approximated by the Index. The Mid-Tier and its sub-indices allow for approximations of performance comparisons by vintage or age, across the capital stack, and by initial credit risk level and/or vintage as indicated by original attachment point. <b>Disclaimer:</b> The AD&Co U.S. Mortgage High-Yield Index serves as an informational index and is not for commercial-use purposes. The Index's accuracy, completeness, timeliness and suitability for any purpose are not guaranteed. The Index does not constitute (1) investment, legal, accounting, tax, or other professional advice or (2) any recommendation or solicitation to purchase, hold, sell, or otherwise deal in any investment. This Index has been prepared for general informational purposes, without consideration of the circumstances or objectives of any particular investor. Any reliance on the Index is at the reader's sole risk. All investment is subject to numerous risks, known and unknown. Past performance is no guarantee of future results. For investment advice, seek a qualified investment professional. Not for redistribution without permission. Note: An affiliate of Andrew Davidson & Co., Inc. engages in trading activities in investments that may be the same or similar to those featured in the Index. <b>Index Inclusion Rules</b> Only cash CAS and STACR bonds offered to the public, whether they are exchangeable or not, that have or have had IDC prices. Bond factor > = .25 Floating rate bonds only. Collateral Types 30 Year Residential. Fixed Rate: STACR-DN, DNA, HQ, HQA, HRP, CAS – C0 Tranche names – B, B1, B2, M3, M2, M1 Normally listed on GSE websites: <a href='https://crt.freddiemac.com/offerings/stacr.aspx#issuance-details'>Freddie Mac</a>, <a href='http://www.fanniemae.com/portal/funding-the-market/credit-risk/transactions.html'>Fannie Mae</a> No private placements No Child Classes (Exchangeable into) or Retained Classes (H bonds) No CIRT, ACIS, SPI Original attachment points and CAS STACR <table style='width:50%'><tr><th>Tier</th><th>Attachment Points</th><th>CAS STACR Class</th></tr><tr><td>0</td><td>> = 0.00 < .25</td><td>STACR Class B, B2; CAS Class B</td></tr><tr><td>1</td><td>> = 0.25 < .95</td><td>STACR Class B1, Old M3; CAS Class B1</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>> = 0.95 < 1.75</td><td>STACR Class M3, M2; CAS Class M2</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>> = 1.75 < 3.75</td><td>STACR Class M2, M1; CAS Class M1</td></tr><tr><td>Mid</td><td>> = 0.25 < 3.75</td><td>STACR Class Mixed; CAS Class Mixed</td></tr></table> Input data provided by Intex and ICE Data Services. © Andrew Davidson & Co., Inc. All rights reserved.

The AD&Co US Mortgage High Yield Index (USMHY) tracks the total return of the bonds issued within the CRT programs of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. USMHY is an informational, investment-oriented monthly index of the return components: price, coupon, paydown, and credit loss. Accompanied by standard risk metrics from our models, the index is useful for comparisons with individual CRT bonds or relative value to other credit markets. Investors and fund managers can use the index to assess the broad market returns, risks and opportunities available through investing in a market-weighted, passive portfolio of US mortgage credit risk transfer instruments. The Index also provides a means of comparing the returns of an actively managed portfolio against a passive, naive market portfolio as approximated by the Index. The Mid-Tier and its sub-indices allow for approximations of performance comparisons by vintage or age, across the capital stack, and by initial credit risk level and/or vintage as indicated by original attachment point. <b>Disclaimer:</b> The AD&Co U.S. Mortgage High-Yield Index serves as an informational index and is not for commercial-use purposes. The Index's accuracy, completeness, timeliness and suitability for any purpose are not guaranteed. The Index does not constitute (1) investment, legal, accounting, tax, or other professional advice or (2) any recommendation or solicitation to purchase, hold, sell, or otherwise deal in any investment. This Index has been prepared for general informational purposes, without consideration of the circumstances or objectives of any particular investor. Any reliance on the Index is at the reader's sole risk. All investment is subject to numerous risks, known and unknown. Past performance is no guarantee of future results. For investment advice, seek a qualified investment professional. Not for redistribution without permission. Note: An affiliate of Andrew Davidson & Co., Inc. engages in trading activities in investments that may be the same or similar to those featured in the Index. <b>Index Inclusion Rules</b> Only cash CAS and STACR bonds offered to the public, whether they are exchangeable or not, that have or have had IDC prices. Bond factor > = .25 Floating rate bonds only. Collateral Types 30 Year Residential. Fixed Rate: STACR-DN, DNA, HQ, HQA, HRP, CAS – C0 Tranche names – B, B1, B2, M3, M2, M1 Normally listed on GSE websites: <a href='https://crt.freddiemac.com/offerings/stacr.aspx#issuance-details'>Freddie Mac</a>, <a href='http://www.fanniemae.com/portal/funding-the-market/credit-risk/transactions.html'>Fannie Mae</a> No private placements No Child Classes (Exchangeable into) or Retained Classes (H bonds) No CIRT, ACIS, SPI Original attachment points and CAS STACR <table style='width:50%'><tr><th>Tier</th><th>Attachment Points</th><th>CAS STACR Class</th></tr><tr><td>0</td><td>> = 0.00 < .25</td><td>STACR Class B, B2; CAS Class B</td></tr><tr><td>1</td><td>> = 0.25 < .95</td><td>STACR Class B1, Old M3; CAS Class B1</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>> = 0.95 < 1.75</td><td>STACR Class M3, M2; CAS Class M2</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>> = 1.75 < 3.75</td><td>STACR Class M2, M1; CAS Class M1</td></tr><tr><td>Mid</td><td>> = 0.25 < 3.75</td><td>STACR Class Mixed; CAS Class Mixed</td></tr></table> Input data provided by Intex and ICE Data Services. © Andrew Davidson & Co., Inc. All rights reserved.

Series Is Presented Here As Three Variables--(1)--Original Data, 1955-1959 (2)--Original Data, 1959-1966 (3)--Original Data, 1965-1968. The Figures For January-June, 1959 Include Member Bank Holdings Adjusted To Reflect New Coverage; From July 1959 On, Member Bank Holdings Represent Revised Figures. Source: Data Derived By NBER From The Following Sources: Federal Reserve Bulletins; Fhlb"Selected Balance Sheet Data, All Operating Savings And Loan Associations"; Savings Bank Journal; Statistical Bulletin, National Association Of Mutual Savings Banks;"Trends In Savings And Lending At Savings And Load Associations";"The Life Insurance Tally" This NBER data series m10130b appears on the NBER website in Chapter 10 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter10.html. NBER Indicator: m10130b

For further information, please refer to the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System's H.8 release, online at http://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/h8/.

For further information, please refer to the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System's H.8 release, online at http://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/h8/.

Sahm Recession Indicator signals the start of a recession when the three-month moving average of the national unemployment rate (U3) (https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/UNRATE) rises by 0.50 percentage points or more relative to the minimum of the three-month averages from the previous 12 months.

For further information, please refer to the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System's H.8 release, online at http://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/h8/.

The AD&Co US Mortgage High Yield Index (USMHY) tracks the total return of the bonds issued within the CRT programs of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. USMHY is an informational, investment-oriented monthly index of the return components: price, coupon, paydown, and credit loss. Accompanied by standard risk metrics from our models, the index is useful for comparisons with individual CRT bonds or relative value to other credit markets. Investors and fund managers can use the index to assess the broad market returns, risks and opportunities available through investing in a market-weighted, passive portfolio of US mortgage credit risk transfer instruments. The Index also provides a means of comparing the returns of an actively managed portfolio against a passive, naive market portfolio as approximated by the Index. The Mid-Tier and its sub-indices allow for approximations of performance comparisons by vintage or age, across the capital stack, and by initial credit risk level and/or vintage as indicated by original attachment point. <b>Disclaimer:</b> The AD&Co U.S. Mortgage High-Yield Index serves as an informational index and is not for commercial-use purposes. The Index's accuracy, completeness, timeliness and suitability for any purpose are not guaranteed. The Index does not constitute (1) investment, legal, accounting, tax, or other professional advice or (2) any recommendation or solicitation to purchase, hold, sell, or otherwise deal in any investment. This Index has been prepared for general informational purposes, without consideration of the circumstances or objectives of any particular investor. Any reliance on the Index is at the reader's sole risk. All investment is subject to numerous risks, known and unknown. Past performance is no guarantee of future results. For investment advice, seek a qualified investment professional. Not for redistribution without permission. Note: An affiliate of Andrew Davidson & Co., Inc. engages in trading activities in investments that may be the same or similar to those featured in the Index. <b>Index Inclusion Rules</b> Only cash CAS and STACR bonds offered to the public, whether they are exchangeable or not, that have or have had IDC prices. Bond factor > = .25 Floating rate bonds only. Collateral Types 30 Year Residential. Fixed Rate: STACR-DN, DNA, HQ, HQA, HRP, CAS – C0 Tranche names – B, B1, B2, M3, M2, M1 Normally listed on GSE websites: <a href='https://crt.freddiemac.com/offerings/stacr.aspx#issuance-details'>Freddie Mac</a>, <a href='http://www.fanniemae.com/portal/funding-the-market/credit-risk/transactions.html'>Fannie Mae</a> No private placements No Child Classes (Exchangeable into) or Retained Classes (H bonds) No CIRT, ACIS, SPI Original attachment points and CAS STACR <table style='width:50%'><tr><th>Tier</th><th>Attachment Points</th><th>CAS STACR Class</th></tr><tr><td>0</td><td>> = 0.00 < .25</td><td>STACR Class B, B2; CAS Class B</td></tr><tr><td>1</td><td>> = 0.25 < .95</td><td>STACR Class B1, Old M3; CAS Class B1</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>> = 0.95 < 1.75</td><td>STACR Class M3, M2; CAS Class M2</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>> = 1.75 < 3.75</td><td>STACR Class M2, M1; CAS Class M1</td></tr><tr><td>Mid</td><td>> = 0.25 < 3.75</td><td>STACR Class Mixed; CAS Class Mixed</td></tr></table> Input data provided by Intex and ICE Data Services. © Andrew Davidson & Co., Inc. All rights reserved.

The AD&Co US Mortgage High Yield Index (USMHY) tracks the total return of the bonds issued within the CRT programs of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. USMHY is an informational, investment-oriented monthly index of the return components: price, coupon, paydown, and credit loss. Accompanied by standard risk metrics from our models, the index is useful for comparisons with individual CRT bonds or relative value to other credit markets. Investors and fund managers can use the index to assess the broad market returns, risks and opportunities available through investing in a market-weighted, passive portfolio of US mortgage credit risk transfer instruments. The Index also provides a means of comparing the returns of an actively managed portfolio against a passive, naive market portfolio as approximated by the Index. The Mid-Tier and its sub-indices allow for approximations of performance comparisons by vintage or age, across the capital stack, and by initial credit risk level and/or vintage as indicated by original attachment point. <b>Disclaimer:</b> The AD&Co U.S. Mortgage High-Yield Index serves as an informational index and is not for commercial-use purposes. The Index's accuracy, completeness, timeliness and suitability for any purpose are not guaranteed. The Index does not constitute (1) investment, legal, accounting, tax, or other professional advice or (2) any recommendation or solicitation to purchase, hold, sell, or otherwise deal in any investment. This Index has been prepared for general informational purposes, without consideration of the circumstances or objectives of any particular investor. Any reliance on the Index is at the reader's sole risk. All investment is subject to numerous risks, known and unknown. Past performance is no guarantee of future results. For investment advice, seek a qualified investment professional. Not for redistribution without permission. Note: An affiliate of Andrew Davidson & Co., Inc. engages in trading activities in investments that may be the same or similar to those featured in the Index. <b>Index Inclusion Rules</b> Only cash CAS and STACR bonds offered to the public, whether they are exchangeable or not, that have or have had IDC prices. Bond factor > = .25 Floating rate bonds only. Collateral Types 30 Year Residential. Fixed Rate: STACR-DN, DNA, HQ, HQA, HRP, CAS – C0 Tranche names – B, B1, B2, M3, M2, M1 Normally listed on GSE websites: <a href='https://crt.freddiemac.com/offerings/stacr.aspx#issuance-details'>Freddie Mac</a>, <a href='http://www.fanniemae.com/portal/funding-the-market/credit-risk/transactions.html'>Fannie Mae</a> No private placements No Child Classes (Exchangeable into) or Retained Classes (H bonds) No CIRT, ACIS, SPI Original attachment points and CAS STACR <table style='width:50%'><tr><th>Tier</th><th>Attachment Points</th><th>CAS STACR Class</th></tr><tr><td>0</td><td>> = 0.00 < .25</td><td>STACR Class B, B2; CAS Class B</td></tr><tr><td>1</td><td>> = 0.25 < .95</td><td>STACR Class B1, Old M3; CAS Class B1</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>> = 0.95 < 1.75</td><td>STACR Class M3, M2; CAS Class M2</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>> = 1.75 < 3.75</td><td>STACR Class M2, M1; CAS Class M1</td></tr><tr><td>Mid</td><td>> = 0.25 < 3.75</td><td>STACR Class Mixed; CAS Class Mixed</td></tr></table> Input data provided by Intex and ICE Data Services. © Andrew Davidson & Co., Inc. All rights reserved.

For further information, please refer to the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System's H.8 release, online at http://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/h8/.

For further information, please refer to the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System's H.8 release, online at http://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/h8/.

The Status Report of U.S. Government Gold Reserve (https://fiscaldata.treasury.gov/datasets/status-report-government-gold-reserve/u-s-treasury-owned-gold) can be found on FiscalData and is available for download in multiple machine-readable formats with complete metadata. Deep Storage is the portion of the U.S. Government-owned gold bullion reserve which the Mint secures in sealed vaults that are examined annually by the Treasury Department's Office of the Inspector General and consists primarily of gold bars.

Source: Federal Home Loan Bank Board, Supplements To"Survey Of Current Business, " 1939-June 1954, Except 1944-46, "Survey Of Current Business, May 1950;"Mortgage Recording Letter" Thereafter This NBER data series m02173 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 2 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter02.html. NBER Indicator: m02173

For further information, please refer to the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System's H.8 release, online at http://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/h8/.

For further information, please refer to the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System's H.8 release, online at http://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/h8/.

Data Through June 1961 Are Based On 25 Year Mortgages Prepaid In 12 Years; Data For July 1961-1965 Are Based On 30 Year Mortgages Prepaid In 15 Years. Source: U.S. Department Of Commerce, Business Condition Digest. This NBER data series m13045 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 13 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter13.html. NBER Indicator: m13045

For further information, please refer to the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System's H.8 release, online at http://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/h8/.

For further information, please refer to the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System's H.8 release, online at http://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/h8/.

For further information, please refer to the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System's H.8 release, online at http://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/h8/.

For further information, please refer to the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System's H.8 release, online at http://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/h8/.

The source has discontinued this series, and as such, will no longer be updated in FRED. For more information, please see the H.8 announcements (https://www.federalreserve.gov/feeds/h8.html). For further information, please refer to the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System's H.8 release, online at http://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/h8/.

For further information, please refer to the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System's H.8 release, online at http://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/h8/.

The source has discontinued this series, and as such, will no longer be updated in FRED. For more information, please see the H.8 announcements (https://www.federalreserve.gov/feeds/h8.html). For further information, please refer to the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System's H.8 release, online at http://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/h8/.

The source has discontinued this series, and as such, will no longer be updated in FRED. For more information, please see the H.8 announcements (https://www.federalreserve.gov/feeds/h8.html). For further information, please refer to the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System's H.8 release, online at http://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/h8/.

For further information, please refer to the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System's H.8 release, online at http://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/h8/.

The source has discontinued this series, and as such, will no longer be updated in FRED. For more information, please see the H.8 announcements (https://www.federalreserve.gov/feeds/h8.html). For further information, please refer to the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System's H.8 release, online at http://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/h8/.

Data Are At Annual Rate. Source: Data Derived By NBER From Series 10111-115 (Mortgage Debt Held By Financial Institutions And Life Insurance Companies) This NBER data series m10131 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 10 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter10.html. NBER Indicator: m10131

The Status Report of U.S. Government Gold Reserve (https://fiscaldata.treasury.gov/datasets/status-report-government-gold-reserve/u-s-treasury-owned-gold) can be found on FiscalData and is available for download in multiple machine-readable formats with complete metadata. Book value is determined such that the Department of the Treasury records U.S. Government owned gold reserve at the values stated in 31 USC § 5116-5117 (statutory rate). Deep Storage is the portion of the U.S. Government-owned gold bullion reserve which the Mint secures in sealed vaults that are examined annually by the Treasury Department's Office of the Inspector General and consists primarily of gold bars.

As of August 3, 2017, updates of the labor market conditions index (LMCI) have been discontinued; the July 7, 2017 vintage is the final estimate from this model. The Board decided to stop updating the LMCI because they believe it no longer provides a good summary of changes in U.S. labor market conditions. Specifically, model estimates turned out to be more sensitive to the detrending procedure than expected, the measurement of some indicators in recent years has changed in ways that significantly degraded their signal content, and including average hourly earnings as an indicator did not provide a meaningful link between labor market conditions and wage growth. The LMCI is derived from a dynamic factor model that extracts the primary common variation from 19, seasonally-adjusted, labor market indicators. Users can read about the included indicators at http://www.federalreserve.gov/econresdata/notes/feds-notes/2014/updating-the-labor-market-conditions-index-20141001.html. Users of the LMCI should take note that the entire history of the LMCI may revise each month. Three sources contribute to such revisions. The first source is new data that were not available at the time of the employment report. In particular, at the time of the Employment Situation report each month, the quit rate and hiring rate will be missing for the last two months of the sample because the Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey is published with a longer lag than the model's other indicators. In subsequent months, as these data become available, the LMCI will revise. The second source of revision comes from revisions to existing data. Many labor market indicators are subject to revision as additional source data become available or to incorporate annual benchmark revisions or updated seasonal adjustment factors. Prominent examples in the LMCI include the three payroll employment series from the Current Employment Statistics program. The third source of revision is inherent to the model. The LMCI is derived from the Kalman smoother, meaning that the estimate of the index in any particular month is the model's best assessment given all past and future observations. Thus, when a new month of data is added to the sample, the model will revise its estimate of history in response to the new information. In practice, these revisions tend to be modest and concentrated in the most-recent six months of the sample.

Source: Life Insurance Association Of America, Data For 1952-1960 Are From Association Files; Data For 1961-1967 Are From The Monthly Release, "Forward Investment Of Commitments Of Life Insurance Companies" This NBER data series m10129 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 10 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter10.html. NBER Indicator: m10129

Source: Life Insurance Association Of America, Data For 1952-1960 Are From Association Files; Data For 1961-1967 Are From The Monthly Release, "Forward Investment Of Commitments Of Life Insurance Companies" This NBER data series m10127 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 10 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter10.html. NBER Indicator: m10127

Source: Life Insurance Association Of America, Data For 1952-1960 Are From Association Files; Data For 1961-1967 Are From The Monthly Release, "Forward Investment Of Commitments Of Life Insurance Companies" This NBER data series m10128 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 10 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter10.html. NBER Indicator: m10128

Source: Life Insurance Association Of America, Data For 1952-1963: Mimeographed Summary Table On "New Commitments Of Reporting Life Insurance Companies"; Data For 1964-1965: Monthly Tabulation Of "Forward Investment Commitments Of Life Insurance Companies" This NBER data series m10169 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 10 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter10.html. NBER Indicator: m10169

Source: Life Insurance Association Of America, Data For 1952-1963: Mimeographed Summary Table On "New Commitments Of Reporting Life Insurance Companies"; Data For 1964-1965: Monthly Tabulation Of "Forward Investment Commitments Of Life Insurance Companies" This NBER data series m10171 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 10 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter10.html. NBER Indicator: m10171

Source: Life Insurance Association Of America, Data For 1952-1963: Mimeographed Summary Table On "New Commitments Of Reporting Life Insurance Companies"; Data For 1964-1965: Monthly Tabulation Of "Forward Investment Commitments Of Life Insurance Companies" This NBER data series m10170 appears on the NBER website in Chapter 10 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter10.html. NBER Indicator: m10170

Series Is Presented Here As Two Variables--(1)--Original Data, 1913-1937 (2)--Original Data, 1933-1944. Monthly Data Were Available Beginning In 1933. Annual Averages Date To 1913. The 1937 Annual Figure For The Two Variables Has A Ratio Of 1.063 (1937 2Nd Segment Divided By The 1St Segment Yields 877.43/825.31=1.063. Source: Bls Letters For 1933, 1934, 1936, 1937; Bls "Wholesale Prices, " January, 1936, P.17, For 1935; Current Bulletins For 1938 And Succeeding Years. This NBER data series m04137b appears on the NBER website in Chapter 4 at http://www.nber.org/databases/macrohistory/contents/chapter04.html. NBER Indicator: m04137b

The source has discontinued this series, and as such, will no longer be updated in FRED. For more information, please see the H.8 announcements (https://www.federalreserve.gov/feeds/h8.html). For further information, please refer to the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System's H.8 release, online at http://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/h8/.

For further information, please refer to the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System's H.8 release, online at http://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/h8/.

For further information, please refer to the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System's H.8 release, online at http://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/h8/.