For further information, please refer to the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System's H.8 release, online at http://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/h8/.

The 50th percentile credit score among outstanding first liens. The current credit score is the most recently determined commercially available credit score of the primary borrower on the mortgage loan. The credit score provider may vary by FR Y-14M reporting firm and even within the firm's reporting. Only mortgage accounts with credit scores between 150 and 950 are included in the original credit score percentile calculations. For more detail see: methodology (https://www.philadelphiafed.org/-/media/frbp/assets/surveys-and-data/y14/y-14-data-methodology).

This data series is part of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System's Senior Loan Officer Opinion Survey on Bank Lending Practices (SLOOS). The purpose of the survey is to provide qualitative and limited quantitative information on bank credit availability and loan demand, as well as on evolving developments and lending practices in the U.S. loan markets. A portion of each survey typically covers special topics of timely interest. For more detail, refer to the Board's supporting statement (https://www.federalreserve.gov/data/sloos/about.htm).

Source ID: LM263063603.Q For more information about the Flow of Funds tables, see the Financial Accounts Guide (https://www.federalreserve.gov/apps/fof/Default.aspx). With each quarterly release, the source may make major data and structural revisions to the series and tables. These changes are available in the Release Highlights (https://www.federalreserve.gov/apps/fof/FOFHighlight.aspx). In the Financial Accounts, the source identifies each series by a string of patterned letters and numbers. For a detailed description, including how this series is constructed, see the series analyzer (https://www.federalreserve.gov/apps/fof/SeriesAnalyzer.aspx?s=LM263063603&t=) provided by the source.

The 75th percentile front-end debt-to-income ratio. The front-end DTI ratio is the percentage of a borrower's monthly income that would go toward housing expenses. The total housing liabilities of the borrower, including the monthly principal, interest, taxes, insurance, association dues, etc., are divided by the total monthly income of the borrower. Front-end DTI is reported at origination. For more detail see: methodology (https://www.philadelphiafed.org/-/media/frbp/assets/surveys-and-data/y14/y-14-data-methodology).

This series is found in Assets and Liabilities of FDIC-Insured Commercial Banks and Savings Institutions. The Quarterly Banking Profile is a quarterly publication that provides the earliest comprehensive summary of financial results for all FDIC-insured institutions. See Notes to Users (https://www.fdic.gov/analysis/quarterly-banking-profile/qbp/timeseries/qbpnot.pdf) for more information.

Source ID: FL673065500.Q For more information about the Flow of Funds tables, see the Financial Accounts Guide (https://www.federalreserve.gov/apps/fof/Default.aspx). With each quarterly release, the source may make major data and structural revisions to the series and tables. These changes are available in the Release Highlights (https://www.federalreserve.gov/apps/fof/FOFHighlight.aspx). In the Financial Accounts, the source identifies each series by a string of patterned letters and numbers. For a detailed description, including how this series is constructed, see the series analyzer (https://www.federalreserve.gov/apps/fof/SeriesAnalyzer.aspx?s=FL673065500&t=) provided by the source.

The Mortgage Debt Outstanding table is no longer being updated as of March 2020. Many of the series that were published in this table can be found in the Z1 Financial Accounts of the United States release. The Z1 equivalent of this series is found at BOGZ1FL403065035Q. (https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/BOGZ1FL403065035Q) For further information, please refer to the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System's Mortgage Debt Outstanding (http://www.federalreserve.gov/econresdata/releases/mortoutstand/current.htm).

For further information, please refer to the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System's H.8 release, online at http://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/h8/.

Source ID: FL643065505.Q For more information about the Flow of Funds tables, see the Financial Accounts Guide (https://www.federalreserve.gov/apps/fof/Default.aspx). With each quarterly release, the source may make major data and structural revisions to the series and tables. These changes are available in the Release Highlights (https://www.federalreserve.gov/apps/fof/FOFHighlight.aspx). In the Financial Accounts, the source identifies each series by a string of patterned letters and numbers. For a detailed description, including how this series is constructed, see the series analyzer (https://www.federalreserve.gov/apps/fof/SeriesAnalyzer.aspx?s=FL643065505&t=) provided by the source.

The total count of first-lien closed-end loans secured by 1-4 family residential real estate among firms included in the reporting panel. Includes both first-lien mortgages and first-lien home equity loans for portfolio mortgages only. Reported accounts are as of quarter end. For more detail see: methodology (https://www.philadelphiafed.org/-/media/frbp/assets/surveys-and-data/y14/y-14-data-methodology).

The 25th percentile credit score among first lien originations. The original credit score is the credit score at origination for the borrower using a commercially available credit score. The original credit score provider may vary by FR Y-14M reporting firm and even within the firm's reporting. Only mortgage accounts with credit scores between 150 and 950 are included in the original credit score percentile calculations. These data include total bank loans originated and held in portfolio in a given quarter, including those that will later be sold or securitized. For more detail see: methodology (https://www.philadelphiafed.org/-/media/frbp/assets/surveys-and-data/y14/y-14-data-methodology).

The 90th percentile original loan-to-value (LTV) ratio. The original LTV ratio is the original loan amount divided by the lesser of the selling price or the appraised value of the property securing the mortgage at origination. Only mortgage accounts with LTV values greater than 0 percent and less than 125 percent are included in the original LTV percentile calculations.For more detail see: methodology (https://www.philadelphiafed.org/-/media/frbp/assets/surveys-and-data/y14/y-14-data-methodology).

This item indicates the face value of federal agency securities and current face value of mortgage-backed securities, which is the remaining principal balance of the underlying mortgages.

This item indicates the face value of federal agency securities and current face value of mortgage-backed securities, which is the remaining principal balance of the underlying mortgages.

Age refers to the reference person's age, where the reference person is the first member mentioned by the respondent when asked to "Start with the name of the person or one of the persons who owns or rents the home." It is with respect to this person that the relationship of the other consumer unit members is determined. A consumer unit comprises either: (1) all members of a particular household who are related by blood, marriage, adoption, or other legal arrangements; (2) a person living alone or sharing a household with others or living as a roomer in a private home or lodging house or in permanent living quarters in a hotel or motel, but who is financially independent; or (3) two or more persons living together who use their income to make joint expenditure decisions. Financial independence is determined by the three major expense categories: Housing, food, and other living expenses. To be considered financially independent, at least two of the three major expense categories have to be provided entirely, or in part, by the respondent. For more details about the data or the survey, visit the FAQs (https://www.bls.gov/cex/csxfaqs.htm).

Source ID: FA644090073.Q For more information about the Flow of Funds tables, see the Financial Accounts Guide (https://www.federalreserve.gov/apps/fof/Default.aspx). With each quarterly release, the source may make major data and structural revisions to the series and tables. These changes are available in the Release Highlights (https://www.federalreserve.gov/apps/fof/FOFHighlight.aspx). In the Financial Accounts, the source identifies each series by a string of patterned letters and numbers. For a detailed description, including how this series is constructed, see the series analyzer (https://www.federalreserve.gov/apps/fof/SeriesAnalyzer.aspx?s=FA644090073&t=) provided by the source.

Source ID: FL413065105.Q For more information about the Flow of Funds tables, see the Financial Accounts Guide (https://www.federalreserve.gov/apps/fof/Default.aspx). With each quarterly release, the source may make major data and structural revisions to the series and tables. These changes are available in the Release Highlights (https://www.federalreserve.gov/apps/fof/FOFHighlight.aspx). In the Financial Accounts, the source identifies each series by a string of patterned letters and numbers. For a detailed description, including how this series is constructed, see the series analyzer (https://www.federalreserve.gov/apps/fof/SeriesAnalyzer.aspx?s=FL413065105&t=) provided by the source.

The current face value of mortgage-backed obligations held by Federal Reserve Banks. These securities are guaranteed by Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, or Ginnie Mae.

The total outstanding balance for first-lien closed-end loans secured by 1-4 family residential real estate among firms included in the reporting panel. Includes both first-lien mortgages and first-lien home equity loans for portfolio mortgages only. Reported balances are as of quarter end. For more detail see: methodology (https://www.philadelphiafed.org/-/media/frbp/assets/surveys-and-data/y14/y-14-data-methodology).

Source ID: FL153065005.Q For more information about the Flow of Funds tables, see the Financial Accounts Guide (https://www.federalreserve.gov/apps/fof/Default.aspx). With each quarterly release, the source may make major data and structural revisions to the series and tables. These changes are available in the Release Highlights (https://www.federalreserve.gov/apps/fof/FOFHighlight.aspx). In the Financial Accounts, the source identifies each series by a string of patterned letters and numbers. For a detailed description, including how this series is constructed, see the series analyzer (https://www.federalreserve.gov/apps/fof/SeriesAnalyzer.aspx?s=FL153065005&t=) provided by the source.

Source ID: FL154104905.Q For more information about the Flow of Funds tables, see the Financial Accounts Guide (https://www.federalreserve.gov/apps/fof/Default.aspx). With each quarterly release, the source may make major data and structural revisions to the series and tables. These changes are available in the Release Highlights (https://www.federalreserve.gov/apps/fof/FOFHighlight.aspx). In the Financial Accounts, the source identifies each series by a string of patterned letters and numbers. For a detailed description, including how this series is constructed, see the series analyzer (https://www.federalreserve.gov/apps/fof/SeriesAnalyzer.aspx?s=FL154104905&t=) provided by the source.

Source ID: FL413065405.Q For more information about the Flow of Funds tables, see the Financial Accounts Guide (https://www.federalreserve.gov/apps/fof/Default.aspx). With each quarterly release, the source may make major data and structural revisions to the series and tables. These changes are available in the Release Highlights (https://www.federalreserve.gov/apps/fof/FOFHighlight.aspx). In the Financial Accounts, the source identifies each series by a string of patterned letters and numbers. For a detailed description, including how this series is constructed, see the series analyzer (https://www.federalreserve.gov/apps/fof/SeriesAnalyzer.aspx?s=FL413065405&t=) provided by the source.

Housing tenure refers to the family's principal place of residence during the survey. "Owner" includes families living in their own homes, cooperatives or condominium apartments, or townhouses. "Renter" includes families paying rent, as well as families living rent-free in lieu of wages. For more details about the data or the survey, visit the FAQs (https://www.bls.gov/cex/csxfaqs.htm).

Housing tenure refers to the family's principal place of residence during the survey. "Owner" includes families living in their own homes, cooperatives or condominium apartments, or townhouses. "Renter" includes families paying rent, as well as families living rent-free in lieu of wages. A consumer unit comprises either: (1) all members of a particular household who are related by blood, marriage, adoption, or other legal arrangements; (2) a person living alone or sharing a household with others or living as a roomer in a private home or lodging house or in permanent living quarters in a hotel or motel, but who is financially independent; or (3) two or more persons living together who use their income to make joint expenditure decisions. Financial independence is determined by the three major expense categories: Housing, food, and other living expenses. To be considered financially independent, at least two of the three major expense categories have to be provided entirely, or in part, by the respondent. For more details about the data or the survey, visit the FAQs (https://www.bls.gov/cex/csxfaqs.htm).

For further information, please refer to the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System's Senior Loan Officer Opinion Survey on Bank Lending Practices release, online at http://www.federalreserve.gov/boarddocs/SnLoanSurvey/.

The 50th percentile credit score among first lien originations. The original credit score is the credit score at origination for the borrower using a commercially available credit score. The original credit score provider may vary by FR Y-14M reporting firm and even within the firm's reporting. Only mortgage accounts with credit scores between 150 and 950 are included in the original credit score percentile calculations. These data include total bank loans originated and held in portfolio in a given quarter, including those that will later be sold or securitized. For more detail see: methodology (https://www.philadelphiafed.org/-/media/frbp/assets/surveys-and-data/y14/y-14-data-methodology).

The 10th percentile credit score among first lien originations. The original credit score is the credit score at origination for the borrower using a commercially available credit score. The original credit score provider may vary by FR Y-14M reporting firm and even within the firm's reporting. Only mortgage accounts with credit scores between 150 and 950 are included in the original credit score percentile calculations. These data include total bank loans originated and held in portfolio in a given quarter, including those that will later be sold or securitized. For more detail see: methodology (https://www.philadelphiafed.org/-/media/frbp/assets/surveys-and-data/y14/y-14-data-methodology).

Sahm Recession Indicator signals the start of a recession when the three-month moving average of the national unemployment rate (U3) (https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/UNRATE) rises by 0.50 percentage points or more relative to the minimum of the three-month averages from the previous 12 months. This indicator is based on "real-time" data, that is, the unemployment rate (and the recent history of unemployment rates) that were available in a given month. The BLS revises the unemployment rate each year at the beginning of January, when the December unemployment rate for the prior year is published. Revisions to the seasonal factors can affect estimates in recent years. Otherwise the unemployment rate does not revise.

Housing tenure refers to the family's principal place of residence during the survey. "Owner" includes families living in their own homes, cooperatives or condominium apartments, or townhouses. "Renter" includes families paying rent, as well as families living rent-free in lieu of wages. For more details about the data or the survey, visit the FAQs (https://www.bls.gov/cex/csxfaqs.htm).

For further information, please refer to the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System's H.8 release, online at http://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/h8/.

The Mortgage Debt Outstanding table is no longer being updated as of March 2020. Many of the series that were published in this table can be found in the Z1 Financial Accounts of the United States release. The Z1 equivalent of this series is found at BOGZ1FL313065015Q. (https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/BOGZ1FL313065015Q) For further information, please refer to the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System's Mortgage Debt Outstanding (http://www.federalreserve.gov/econresdata/releases/mortoutstand/current.htm).

For further information, please refer to the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System's Senior Loan Officer Opinion Survey on Bank Lending Practices release, online at http://www.federalreserve.gov/boarddocs/SnLoanSurvey/.

Source ID: FL413065015.Q For more information about the Flow of Funds tables, see the Financial Accounts Guide (https://www.federalreserve.gov/apps/fof/Default.aspx). With each quarterly release, the source may make major data and structural revisions to the series and tables. These changes are available in the Release Highlights (https://www.federalreserve.gov/apps/fof/FOFHighlight.aspx). In the Financial Accounts, the source identifies each series by a string of patterned letters and numbers. For a detailed description, including how this series is constructed, see the series analyzer (https://www.federalreserve.gov/apps/fof/SeriesAnalyzer.aspx?s=FL413065015&t=) provided by the source.

The 75th percentile front-end debt-to-income ratio. The front-end DTI ratio is the percentage of a borrower's monthly income that would go toward housing expenses. The total housing liabilities of the borrower, including the monthly principal, interest, taxes, insurance, association dues, etc., are divided by the total monthly income of the borrower. Front-end DTI is reported at origination. For more detail see: methodology (https://www.philadelphiafed.org/-/media/frbp/assets/surveys-and-data/y14/y-14-data-methodology).

The Mortgage Debt Outstanding table is no longer being updated as of March 2020. Many of the series that were published in this table can be found in the Z1 Financial Accounts of the United States release. The Z1 equivalent of this series is found at BOGZ1FL403065015Q. (https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/BOGZ1FL403065015Q) For further information, please refer to the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System's Mortgage Debt Outstanding (http://www.federalreserve.gov/econresdata/releases/mortoutstand/current.htm).

The Mortgage Debt Outstanding table is no longer being updated as of March 2020. Many of the series that were published in this table can be found in the Z1 Financial Accounts of the United States release. The Z1 equivalent of this series is found at BOGZ1FL413065533Q. (https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/BOGZ1FL413065533Q) For further information, please refer to the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System's Mortgage Debt Outstanding (http://www.federalreserve.gov/econresdata/releases/mortoutstand/current.htm).

For further information, please refer to the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System's Senior Loan Officer Opinion Survey on Bank Lending Practices release, online at http://www.federalreserve.gov/boarddocs/SnLoanSurvey/.

The current face value of mortgage-backed obligations held by Federal Reserve Banks. These securities are guaranteed by Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, or Ginnie Mae.

Source ID: FA893065505.Q For more information about the Flow of Funds tables, see the Financial Accounts Guide (https://www.federalreserve.gov/apps/fof/Default.aspx). With each quarterly release, the source may make major data and structural revisions to the series and tables. These changes are available in the Release Highlights (https://www.federalreserve.gov/apps/fof/FOFHighlight.aspx). In the Financial Accounts, the source identifies each series by a string of patterned letters and numbers. For a detailed description, including how this series is constructed, see the series analyzer (https://www.federalreserve.gov/apps/fof/SeriesAnalyzer.aspx?s=FA893065505&t=) provided by the source.

Source ID: FA413065123.Q For more information about the Flow of Funds tables, see the Financial Accounts Guide (https://www.federalreserve.gov/apps/fof/Default.aspx). With each quarterly release, the source may make major data and structural revisions to the series and tables. These changes are available in the Release Highlights (https://www.federalreserve.gov/apps/fof/FOFHighlight.aspx). In the Financial Accounts, the source identifies each series by a string of patterned letters and numbers. For a detailed description, including how this series is constructed, see the series analyzer (https://www.federalreserve.gov/apps/fof/SeriesAnalyzer.aspx?s=FA413065123&t=) provided by the source.

Source ID: FL403065005.Q For more information about the Flow of Funds tables, see the Financial Accounts Guide (https://www.federalreserve.gov/apps/fof/Default.aspx). With each quarterly release, the source may make major data and structural revisions to the series and tables. These changes are available in the Release Highlights (https://www.federalreserve.gov/apps/fof/FOFHighlight.aspx). In the Financial Accounts, the source identifies each series by a string of patterned letters and numbers. For a detailed description, including how this series is constructed, see the series analyzer (https://www.federalreserve.gov/apps/fof/SeriesAnalyzer.aspx?s=FL403065005&t=) provided by the source.

The Distributional Financial Accounts (DFAs) integrate two data products produced by the Federal Reserve Board: the Financial Accounts of the United States, which provide quarterly data on aggregate balance sheets of major sectors of the U.S. economy, and the Survey of Consumer Finances (SCF), which provides comprehensive triennial microdata on the assets and liabilities of a representative sample of U.S. households. Information on the data collection process can be found at the Board of Governors (https://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/efa/efa-distributional-financial-accounts.htm)."

Source ID: FL413065443.Q For more information about the Flow of Funds tables, see the Financial Accounts Guide (https://www.federalreserve.gov/apps/fof/Default.aspx). With each quarterly release, the source may make major data and structural revisions to the series and tables. These changes are available in the Release Highlights (https://www.federalreserve.gov/apps/fof/FOFHighlight.aspx). In the Financial Accounts, the source identifies each series by a string of patterned letters and numbers. For a detailed description, including how this series is constructed, see the series analyzer (https://www.federalreserve.gov/apps/fof/SeriesAnalyzer.aspx?s=FL413065443&t=) provided by the source.

For further information, please refer to the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System's H.8 release, online at http://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/h8/.

Source ID: FA413065533.Q For more information about the Flow of Funds tables, see the Financial Accounts Guide (https://www.federalreserve.gov/apps/fof/Default.aspx). With each quarterly release, the source may make major data and structural revisions to the series and tables. These changes are available in the Release Highlights (https://www.federalreserve.gov/apps/fof/FOFHighlight.aspx). In the Financial Accounts, the source identifies each series by a string of patterned letters and numbers. For a detailed description, including how this series is constructed, see the series analyzer (https://www.federalreserve.gov/apps/fof/SeriesAnalyzer.aspx?s=FA413065533&t=) provided by the source.

Sahm Recession Indicator signals the start of a recession when the three-month moving average of the national unemployment rate (U3) (https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/UNRATE) rises by 0.50 percentage points or more relative to the minimum of the three-month averages from the previous 12 months.

Housing tenure refers to the family's principal place of residence during the survey. "Owner" includes families living in their own homes, cooperatives or condominium apartments, or townhouses. "Renter" includes families paying rent, as well as families living rent-free in lieu of wages. For more details about the data or the survey, visit the FAQs (https://www.bls.gov/cex/csxfaqs.htm).

Housing tenure refers to the family's principal place of residence during the survey. "Owner" includes families living in their own homes, cooperatives or condominium apartments, or townhouses. "Renter" includes families paying rent, as well as families living rent-free in lieu of wages. For more details about the data or the survey, visit the FAQs (https://www.bls.gov/cex/csxfaqs.htm).

Housing tenure refers to the family's principal place of residence during the survey. "Owner" includes families living in their own homes, cooperatives or condominium apartments, or townhouses. "Renter" includes families paying rent, as well as families living rent-free in lieu of wages. For more details about the data or the survey, visit the FAQs (https://www.bls.gov/cex/csxfaqs.htm).

Housing tenure refers to the family's principal place of residence during the survey. "Owner" includes families living in their own homes, cooperatives or condominium apartments, or townhouses. "Renter" includes families paying rent, as well as families living rent-free in lieu of wages. For more details about the data or the survey, visit the FAQs (https://www.bls.gov/cex/csxfaqs.htm).

Housing tenure refers to the family's principal place of residence during the survey. "Owner" includes families living in their own homes, cooperatives or condominium apartments, or townhouses. "Renter" includes families paying rent, as well as families living rent-free in lieu of wages. For more details about the data or the survey, visit the FAQs (https://www.bls.gov/cex/csxfaqs.htm).

Housing tenure refers to the family's principal place of residence during the survey. "Owner" includes families living in their own homes, cooperatives or condominium apartments, or townhouses. "Renter" includes families paying rent, as well as families living rent-free in lieu of wages. For more details about the data or the survey, visit the FAQs (https://www.bls.gov/cex/csxfaqs.htm).

Housing tenure refers to the family's principal place of residence during the survey. "Owner" includes families living in their own homes, cooperatives or condominium apartments, or townhouses. "Renter" includes families paying rent, as well as families living rent-free in lieu of wages. For more details about the data or the survey, visit the FAQs (https://www.bls.gov/cex/csxfaqs.htm).

Source ID: FA643090075.Q For more information about the Flow of Funds tables, see the Financial Accounts Guide (https://www.federalreserve.gov/apps/fof/Default.aspx). With each quarterly release, the source may make major data and structural revisions to the series and tables. These changes are available in the Release Highlights (https://www.federalreserve.gov/apps/fof/FOFHighlight.aspx). In the Financial Accounts, the source identifies each series by a string of patterned letters and numbers. For a detailed description, including how this series is constructed, see the series analyzer (https://www.federalreserve.gov/apps/fof/SeriesAnalyzer.aspx?s=FA643090075&t=) provided by the source.

This index measures the probability that the U.S. economy was in a recession during the indicated quarter. It is based on a mathematical description of the way that recessions differ from expansions. The index corresponds to the probability (measured in percent) that the underlying true economic regime is one of recession based on the available data. Whereas the NBER business cycle dates are based on a subjective assessment of a variety of indicators that may not be released until several years after the event, this index is entirely mechanical, is based solely on currently available GDP data and is reported every quarter. Due to the possibility of data revisions and the challenges in accurately identifying the business cycle phase, the index is calculated for the quarter just preceding the most recently available GDP numbers. Once the index is calculated for that quarter, it is never subsequently revised. The value at every date was inferred using only data that were available one quarter after that date and as those data were reported at the time. If the value of the index rises above 67% that is a historically reliable indicator that the economy has entered a recession. Once this threshold has been passed, if it falls below 33% that is a reliable indicator that the recession is over. For more information about this series visit http://econbrowser.com/recession-index.